• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제41권3호
• /
• pp.266-273
• /
• 1996

수수류 청예용 1대잡종 품종육성을 위해서 1986, 1987년에 실시된 수수 유전자원의 특성조사 결과를 평균 연관 군집 분석과 주성분 분석법에 의한 품종군 분류법으로 교배모본을 선정한 결과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. 1. 수수$\times$단수수 및 수수$\times$수단그래스 교잡군 육성을 위하여 각 군별로 개화기가 유사한 것 중에서 초고 및 형태적 형질이 다양한 특성을 지닌 것들을 교잡군의 모본으로 선정하였다. 2. 수수류의 품종군 분류에서는 √D$^2$에 의해 3개 계통군으로 분류할 수 있었는데 I 군은 수단그래스, II군은 단수수, III군은 종실용 수수였고, 수단그래스와 종실용 수수와는 원연관계였다. 3. 주성분분석의 결과 제5주성분까지만 취했을 때 전체 성분의 88.3%, 제 1, 2의 2개 주성분만으로는 59.3%를 설명할 수 있었으며, 제 1 주성분에 대하여는 수단그래스와 종실용 수수, 제1, 2주성분에 대하여는 단수수와 수단그래스 및 종실용 수수가 잘 구분되었다. 한편 제1주성분은 이삭밀도와 형태, 백립중, 식물체색, 종실의 영 피복 정도와 높은 상관관계, 제 2주성분은 개화기간, 초고, 까락의 유무와 높은 상관관계를 보였다. 4. 이상의 결과로 선정된 품종들을 청예용 품종육성을 위한 교배모본으로 사용할 때 F$_1$의 잡종강세가 높고, 그들 양친의 조합능력에서 계통간 현저한 차이를 나타낼 것으로 기대된다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.119-124
• /
• 2005

To determine the level of heterosis, higher cocoon shell weight multivoltine congenic lines (Con. L) and bivoltine syngenic lines (Syn. L) of silkworm were used for crosses. First filial generations $(F_1s)$ expressed heterobeltiotic genetic interaction at significant magnitude (p < 0.01) for single cocoon shell weight (SCSW). The other linked characters viz., single cocoon weight (SCW) and yield by weight per 10, 000 larvae were also significantly higher (p < 0.01) than the better parental lines. All the hybrids showed significant improvement for these aforesaid characters over standard heterosis (Standard check). The reeling parameters viz., filament length, raw silk, neatness, cohesionstrokes etc, also showed improvement among the hybrids than check in congenial environment. Overall results suggested that the cross between congenic and syngenic lines provide better heterosis with good quality silk than conventional hybrids and may be used for commercial exploitation.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.59-65
• /
• 2002

Parthenogenetic development, hybrid vigour and cocoon shape variability were studied in bivoltine F1 hybrids of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Considerable breed differences were observed in parthenogenetic ability. Among the parental breeds, CSR18 exhibited maximum parthenogenetic development (79.65%) followed by CSR4 (67.90%). Among bivoltine F1 hybrids, CSR18 ${\times}$ CSR4 showed highest parthenogenetic development (73.32%) followed by CSR2 ${\times}$ CSR4 (55.43%). Study on hybrid vigour demonstrated that CSR18 ${\times}$ CSR19 expressed maximum significant hybrid vigour for all the seven economic characters over Mid Parent Value (MPV) followed by CSR2 ${\times}$ CSR4 and CSR18 ${\times}$ CSR4 exhibiting significant heterosis for six characters. Cocoon shape measurement study revealed that among ten bivoltine F1 hybrids, cocoons of three hybrids were found comparatively uniform. Importance of this study to know the level of paythenogenetic development, hybrid vigour and cocoon shape variability in different bivoltine F1 hybrids have been discussed.

• 한국동물학회지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 1988

자매종 R.nigromaculate(참개구리)와 R. plancyi(금개구리)간의 생식적 격리기작을 구명하기 위하여 전라남도 광주시에서 발견된 자연집중 1개체를 포함한 두 종의 형태, 유전적 변이 및 번식시기 등을 조사한 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 두 종은 형태,유전,mating call 및 번식시기 등에 뚜렷한 차이가 있었고, 약 350만년 전에 남방계인 R. plancyi에서 R.nigromaculate가 분화되었을 것으로 추정되었다. 잡종 1개체는 전기영동 결과 일대잡종으로 확인되었으며 포란한 정상 난소를 갖고 있는 점으로 미루어 보아 생식이 간으하다고 여기지며, 따라서 postmating isolating mechanism은 불완전하게 생성되었다고 추측된다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.79-81
• /
• 2001

A study was conducted to establish the degree of genetic divergence between different hybrid forms and rearing conditions through estimation of the minimum number of genes (allelic pairs) differentiating parents in terms of specific quantitative traits. It was established that the minimum gene numbers differentiating parental lines in the inheritance of cocoon was 1, of cocoon shell weight- between 1 and 2, and of silk filament length- between 2 and 3. The variability in the specific genetic parameter could be explained by the reliability of the statistical-and-genetic method used and the expression of genes affecting the formation of each of the characters tested. Gene expression, in its turns is conditioned both by the gene interaction within the genotypes and the different genotype response to environmental change. To go deep in the problem, experiments should be conducted under strictly controlled conditions, reducing the mathematical-and-genetic analysis to a physiological levels and hence to analyse the genetic nature of the specific quantitative character formation and its genetic control.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.153-157
• /
• 2005

Recently two breeding programs were carried out for isolation of new parental inbred lines in Iran. This study was undertaken in order to estimate the combining ability effects and heterosis of these lines. For this purpose an $8\times8$ diallel cross analysis including eight inbred lines of silkworm with four lines from each program were studied for their five quantitative traits. The results indicated that reciprocal effects appeared insignificant for most of traits. Japanese lines of 111 and 113 were best combiners for shell weight, cocoon weight and shell percentage traits. With respect to pupation rate, Chinese line 110 was the best and according to general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) variances, it is superior in specific combinations. Hybrid $109\times110$ showed better characters for both productive and viability traits. Hybrids with high heterosis had high SCA too.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제48권1호
• /
• pp.31-37
• /
• 2003

Identification of compatible parental line is of great importance in introduction of useful characters to onion breeding program, beyond the severe hybridization barrier. Phylogenic analysis of Allium section Cepa was conducted through PCR by URPs, repeated sequences of A. fistulosum, and microsatellite markers. Totally 76 accessions originated from 21 countries were clustered into five groups at a 0.84-similarity level: group I;A. cepa and its wild relatives and A. cepa ssp. ascalonicum, group II; A. cepa ssp. wakegii, A. cepa ssp. proliferum and Samcheung-pa group III; A. fistulosum and A. altaicum, group IV; A. galanthum, group V; Soeckkori-pa. Samcheung-pa and Soekkori-pa, Korean local varieties, shared band type of both Cepa group and Altaicum group, indicating that those are derived from interspecific hybridization between A. fistulosum and A. cepa.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.7-14
• /
• 1987

견생산능력이 다른 누에 계통간의 diallel cross에 의해 누에 양적 형질에 대한 유전분석을 통하여 누에육종의 기초자료를 얻고자 실시한 시험의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 공시한 4개 원종 중 KA와 S1은 잠124와 M242에 비해 견층중(12cg 이상), 견사장(200m 이상) 및 생사량비율(약 4%) 등이 훨씬 낮아서 다사량계와 소사량계로 구분되었다. 2. 다사량과 소사량계간의 정역교잡간에 차이가 있어서 모체효과 또는 세포질효과가 인정되는 형질은 단견중, 견층중, 견사장 및 견사량이었으며, 다사량계통을 모체로 한 교잡종이 그 역교에 비해 각각 평균 11cg, 2cg, 137m 및 1.95cg 많았다. 3. 일반조합능력은 품종에 따라 큰 차이가 있었고 한성무늬 중국종계인 M242는 수견량, 견중, 견사장, 견사량 및 생사량비율 등 대부분의 주요 양적 형질에서 일반조합능력이 높은 우수품종이었다. 4. Heterosis 효과는 생사량과 수견량에서 가장 높게 나타났고 실품림새와 생사량비율은 낮았으며 견중, 견사장 등의 양적 형질은 중간 정도였다. 5. 유전력이 높고 불완전우성을 나타내는 유충기간, 견층중, 견사장 및 생사량비율 등은 견중과 수견량 등의 양적 형질은 heterosis 효과가 높은 교배조합의 선택으로 개량하는 것이 바람직하다. 6. 둘 이상의 형질을 개량할 때에는 이들간의 유전상관을 바탕으로 육종계획을 세우고 견층중을 대상으로 한 선발은 다사량계통의 육성에 효과적이며 유전력과 우성효과가 낮아서 개량이 어려운 실품림새는 견사질과 역상관이므로 선발시 이 형질의 변화에 유의하여야 한다.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국균학회 2015년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
• /
• pp.33-33
• /
• 2015

Clubroot disease is the major threat to the production of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.) in Japan. Although the breeding of the clubtoot resistant (CR) cultivars is one of the most efficient ways to control this disease, the CR cultivars do not always have effects due to the breakdown of resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the breeding strategy to accumulate multiple CR genes in a single cultivar effectively. We have identified two incomplete dominant CR loci, Crr1 and Crr2, which are originated from the European CR turnip Siloga. To investigate the effectiveness of marker-assisted selection (MAS) for CR breeding, the inbred line with Crr1 and Crr2 was crossed with parental lines of the existing CR $F_1$ cultivar of Chinese cabbage, followed by 5 times of MAS and backcrossing. The $F_1$ derived from a cross between the resulting parental lines improved the clubroot resistance as expected and had the same morphological characters as the original $F_1$ cultivar. We have shown that the Crr1 locus comprised two loci: Crr1a, which by itself conferred resistance to the mild isolate; and Crr1b, which had a minor effect, but was not required for Crr1a-mediated resistance. Further genetic analysis suggested that Crr1b was necessary to acquire resistance to the more virulent isolate in combination with Crr2. Molecular characterization of Crr1a encoding TIR-NB-LRR class of R protein revealed that there were at least 4 alleles in Japanese CR cultivars of Chinese cabbage. PCR analysis with Crr1a-specific markers demonstrated that the functional alleles were predicted to be present in European CR turnips, Debra and 77b besides Siloga, whereas rarely in Japanese CR cultivars, indicating that Crr1a is an useful source to improve the resistance of Chinese cabbage cultivars.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.221-229
• /
• 2003

Ten multivoltine female parental lines were crossed with popular bivoltine male silkworm breed NB$_4$D$_2$. Three types of heterosis parameters viz., heterosis over mid-parental value (hybrid vigour), heterobeltiosis (useful heterosis) and standard heterosis (standard check) were estimated for 15 economically important quantitative traits. The interaction among the hybrids and parents indicated significant effect for maximum characters. The heterotic effect of new hybrid combination was compared with popular hybrids viz., Pure Mysore${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$ and Nistari${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$. Varied heterotic effect was observed for different traits for different hybrid combination. The results inferred that the crosses viz., BL$_{23}$${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$ ranked top for 14 traits followed by Hosa Mysore${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$ for 11 traits; PA$_{12}$${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$ for 9 traits; BL$_{24}$${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$ for 8 traits; Kolar Gold${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$ for 7 traits; WAI$_1$${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$ for 6 traits and MU$_{11}$${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$ for 5 traits. Among these, the best hybrids Kolar Gold${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$ and MU$_{11}$${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$ were identified for longer filament length and fine denier. Similarly for higher cocoon yield and silk productivity BL$_{223}$${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$ and BL$_{24}$${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$ were found to be superior. These hybrid combinations are suitable for commercial exploitation at large scale.e.e.e.