• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.267-273
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• 2019

South Korea has allowed parallel importation since 1995. Parallel importation causes competition among importers in the logistics process allowing, consumers to purchase foreign brand products at low prices. Most parallel importers base product pricing on subjective judgements. Fashion products in particular, have different sales rates depending on trends and seasons, so sales performance varies greatly depending on selling price timing and policy. The merchandiser (MD) set the price on parallel importation products by aggregating information on imported products and pricing goods. However, this customized process is very time consuming for the MD. This is because the logistics process of parallel importation's customs clearance procedures and repair works is complicated and takes a significant amount of time. In this paper, we propose an improved parallel importation logistics process based on big data, which automatically sets the price of parallel importation products.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.803-823
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• 2011

In this paper, the three dimensional Parallel Realistic Failure Process Analysis ($RFPA^{3D}$-Parallel) code based on micromechanical model is employed to investigate the bonding behavior in FRP sheet bonded to concrete in single shear test. In the model, the heterogeneity of brittle disordered material at a meso-scale was taken into consideration in order to realistically demonstrate the mechanical characteristics of FRP-to-concrete. Modified Mohr-coulomb strength criterion with tension cut-off, where a stressed element can damage in shear or in tension, was adopted and a stiffness degradation approach was used to simulate the initiation, propagation and growth of microcracks in the model. In addition, a Master-Slave parallel operation control technique was adopted to implement the parallel computation of a large numerical model. Parallel computational results of debonding of FRP-concrete visually reproduce the spatial and temporal debonding failure progression of microcracks in FRP sheet bonded to concrete, which agrees well with the existing testing results in laboratory. The numerical approach in this study provides a useful tool for enhancing our understanding of cracking and debonding failure process and mechanism of FRP-concrete and our ability to predict mechanical performance and reliability of these FRP sheet bonded to concrete structures.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.792-793
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• 2005

Circuit testing process is very important in IC Manufacturing there are two ways in research for circuit testing improvement. These are ATPG Tool Design and Test simulation application. We are interested in how to use parallel technique such as one-side communication, parallel IO and dynamic Process with data partition for circuit testing improvement and we use one-side communication technique in this paper. The parallel ATPG Tool can reduce the test pattern sets of the circuit that is designed in laboratory for make sure that the fault is not occur. After that, we use result for parallel circuit test simulation to find fault between designed circuit and tested circuit. From the experiment, We use less execution time than non-parallel Process. And we can set more parameter for less test size. Previous experiment we can't do it because some parameter will affect much waste time. But in the research, if we use the best ATPG Tool can optimize to least test sets and parallel circuit testing application will not work. Because there are too little test set for circuit testing application. In this paper we use a standard sequential circuit of ISCAS89.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.1121-1130
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• 2004

The Genetic Algorithm (GA), an optimization technique based on the theory of natural selection, has proven to be a relatively robust means of searching for global optimum. It converges to the global optimum point without auxiliary information such as differentiation of function. In the case of a complex problem, the GA involves a large population number and requires a lot of computing time. To improve the process, this research used parallel processing with several personal computers. Parallel process technique is classified into two methods according to subpopulation's size and number. One is the fine-grained method (FGM), and the other is the coarse-grained method (CGM). This study selected the CGM as a parallel process technique because the load is equally divided among several computers. The given design domain should be reduced according to the degree of feasibility, because mechanical system problems have constraints. The reduced domain is used as an initial design domain. It is consistent with the feasible domain and the infeasible domain around feasible domain boundary. This parallel process used the Message Passing Interface library.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2012

This paper introduces the kinematic calibration method to improve the positioning accuracy of a parallel mechanism. Since all the actuators in the parallel mechanism are controlled simultaneously toward the target position, the volumetric errors originated from each motion element are too complicated. Therefore, the exact evaluation of the error sources of each motion element and its calibration is very important in terms of volumetric errors. In the calibration processes, the measurement of the errors between commands and trajectories is necessary in advance. To do this, a digitizer was used for the data acquisition in 3 dimensional space rather than arbitrary planar error data. After that, the optimization process that was used for reducing the motion errors were followed. Consequently, Levenberg-Marquart algorithm as well as the error data acquisition method turned out effective for the purpose of the calibration of the parallel mechanism.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.594-598
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• 2019

HfZnO 박막 위 패턴 전사 기법을 이용하여 기존의 러빙법을 대체하는 배향 공정에 대하여 연구하였다. 정렬 패턴은 레이저 간섭 리소그래피를 이용하여 실리콘 웨이퍼 위에 제작하였다. 졸겔 공정을 이용하여 HfZnO 용액을 제작하였고, 유리기판 위에 스핀코팅하였다. 미리 제작한 정렬패턴을 스핀코팅된 HfZnO 위에 올려놓고, $100^{\circ}C$에서 30분간 소성하였다. HfZnO 박막에 평행한 그루브가 형성되었음을 atomic force microscopy 와 scanning electron microscopy로부터 확인할 수 있었다. HfZnO 박막을 이용하여 액정 셀을 제작하였으며, POM 분석으로부터 액정이 균일하게 정렬되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 액정은 $0.25^{\circ}$의 프리틸트 각을 가졌으며, 수평배향 특성을 보여주었다. 액정 분자는 평행한 그루브에 의한 HfZnO 박막 표면 이방성에 의하여 균일하게 정렬되었음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.670-678
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• 2002

Since Korean government imposed a stricter regulation on effluent T-N and T-P concentrations from wastewater treatment plant, a new process has to be developed to meet these rules and this process should remove T-N and T-P, economically, from weak wastewater that is typical for Korea's combined sewer system sewage. In this study, a computer simulator, BioWin from EnviroSim, Inc. was used. Three processes - A2/O, Modified Johannesburg, UCT- had been simulated under same operational conditions and a new process - Parallel BNR Process - had been developed based on these simulation results. The Parallel BNR process consists of two rows of reactors: One row has anaerobic and aerobic reactors in series, and the other row has RAS anoxic1 and RAS anoxic2 reactors in series. In order to ensure anaerobic state in anaerobic tank, a part of influent is fed to RAS anoxic1 tank in second row. This process had been simulated under same conditions of other three processes and the simulation results were compared. The results showed that three existing processes could not perform biological phosphorus removal when the average influent was fed at any operation temperatures. However, the Parallel BNR process was found that biological phosphorus removal could be performed when both design and average influent were fed at any operation temperatures. This process showed the T-N concentration in effluent had a maximum value of 15mg/L when design influent was fed at $13^{\circ}C$ and a minimum value of 14mg/L when average influent was fed at $20^{\circ}C$. Also, T-P concentrations had a maximum value of 1.3mg/L when average influent was fed at $20^{\circ}C$ and a minimum value of 1.1mg/L when design influent was fed at $13^{\circ}C$. Based on these results, we found that this process can remove nitrogen and phosphorus biologically under any operational conditions.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.703-711
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• 2008

Let ${{\xi}_k,k{\in}{\mathbb{Z}}}$ be an associated H-valued random variables with $E{\xi}_k$ = 0, $E{\parallel}{\xi}_k{\parallel}$ < ${\infty}$ and $E{\parallel}{\xi}_k{\parallel}^2$ < ${\infty}$ and {$a_k,k{\in}{\mathbb{Z}}$} a sequence of bounded linear operators such that ${\sum}^{\infty}_{j=0}j{\parallel}a_j{\parallel}_{L(H)}$ < ${\infty}$. We define the sationary Hilbert space process $X_k={\sum}^{\infty}_{j=0}a_j{\xi}_{k-j}$ and prove that $n^{-1}{\sum}^n_{k=1}X_k$ converges to zero.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.298-306
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• 2013

The scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) is an effective algorithm used in object recognition, panorama stitching, and image matching. However, due to its complexity, real-time processing is difficult to achieve with current software approaches. The increasing availability of parallel computers makes parallelizing these tasks an attractive approach. This paper proposes a novel parallel approach for SIFT algorithm implementation using a block filtering technique in a Gaussian convolution process on the SIMD Pixel Processor. This implementation fully exposes the available parallelism of the SIFT algorithm process and exploits the processing and input/output capabilities of the processor, which results in a system that can perform real-time image and video compression. We apply this implementation to images and measure the effectiveness of such an approach. Experimental simulation results indicate that the proposed method is capable of real-time applications, and the result of our parallel approach is outstanding in terms of the processing performance.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.2007-2015
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• 2005

A large-scale analysis to evaluate complex material and structural behaviors is one of interesting topic in diverse engineering and scientific fields. Also, the utilization of massively parallel processors has been a recent trend of high performance computing. The objective of this paper is to introduce a parallel process system which consists of general purpose finite element analysis solver as well as parallelized PC cluster. The later was constructed using eight processing elements and the former was developed adopting both hierarchical domain decomposition method and balancing domain decomposition method. Then, to verify the efficiency of the established system, it was applied for structural analysis of steam generator in nuclear power plant. Since the prototypal evaluation results agreed well to the corresponding reference solutions it is believed that, after reinforcement of PC cluster by increasing number of processing elements, the promising parallel process system can be utilized as a useful tool for advanced structural integrity evaluation.