• International Journal of Contents
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

The Korean life insurance industry has undergone profound changes, such as the beginning of the variable insurance in July 2001 and the bancassurance enforcement in August 2003. However, little empirical research has analyzed data that includes the bancassurance of life insurance companies operating in Korea. In response to this lack of research, this paper applies DEA (data envelopment analysis) models to measure and decompose their efficiency. We discovered that life insurance companies operating in Korea are a little different in their composition ratio of inputs and outputs, due to the increased variety of distribution channels and new products. We provided efficiency scores, return to scale, and reference frequencies. We also decomposed CCR, BCC, and SBM efficiency into scale efficiency and MIX efficiency. So, we try to investigate whether the sources of inefficiency were caused by the inefficient operation of DMU, disadvantageous conditions, the difference of the composition ratio in inputs and outputs with reference sets, or any combination of the above. Most companies in the sample display had either constant or decreasing returns to scale. The efficiency rankings were less consistent among models and efficient DMUs. In response to this problem, we used the super-efficiency model to rank them and then compared the rankings of the DMUs among the various models. It was also concluded that the availability of panel data, rather than cross-sectional data, would greatly improve the validity of the efficiency estimates.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.395-403
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of children's self-esteem on their school adjustment, focusing on the mediation of peer attachment. A total of 2,200 3rd grade children from the third Korea Child-Adolescent Panel Survey participated in this study. The instruments used in this study were the Self-esteem Scale, Peer Attachment Scale, and School Adjustment Scale. The collected data were analyzed by using a Student's t -test, Pearson's partial correlation, simple regression, and hierarchical multiple regression with SPSS ver. 16.0 software. The main results of this study are as follows: first, the boys had higher self-esteem, peer attachment, and school adjustment scores than the girls. Second, there was a significant positive correlation between children's self-esteem and peer attachment as well as a significant positive correlation between children's self-esteem and school adjustment. Further, there was a significant positive correlation between children's peer attachment and school adjustment. Finally, children's self-esteem exerted positive effects on their peer attachment, and children's peer attachment had a positive influence on their school adjustment. The effect of children's self-esteem on their school adjustment was partially mediated by their peer attachment. These findings provide preliminary evidence that the relationships between children's self-esteem and school adjustment may be mediated by their peer attachment.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.752-760
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the moderating mediation effect of self-esteem on the relations among adolescents' abuse experiences, depression and anxiety, and suicidal ideation. Methods: The participants were selected using secondary data from a population in the 2012 Korea Welfare Panel Survey (KOWEPS). Data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0 and SPSS Macro, and bootstrapping and hierarchical regression analysis were performed to analyze multilevel models. Results: First, analysis of the mediating effect of the adolescents' abuse showed that there was significant mediating influence between suicidal ideation and depression and anxiety. Second, hierarchical regression analysis showed that self-esteem had significant mediation effect on depression and anxiety in adolescents' suicidal ideation. Third, SPSS Macro showed that self-esteem also significantly moderated the mediating effect of adolescents' abuse experiences on suicidal ideation through depression and anxiety. Conclusion: The study results suggest that in future research on adolescent's abuse experience, the risk of suicide in depression and anxiety scores should be selected through evaluation of each individual's self-esteem scale. Coping strategies with immediate early intervention should be suggested.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.115-122
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• 2017

This study attempts to determine the extent to which late talkers are at the risk of delayed phonological development, in order to identify groups at risk and to find factors affecting delayed phonological development. A group of 1,452 children (51% boys, 49% girls) were recruited from the nationwide Panel Study on Korean Children. The current study collected data from 418 children who were previously identified as late-talkers (LT) at their age of three on average (Time 1: expressive vocabulary test) and three years later (Time 2: phonological test). Their phonological outcomes of the Time 2 were analyzed and then compared to those of a group of 1,056 children with typical language development (NLT: no late-talkers) at the age of three in terms of the number of incorrect consonants, and the speech sound disorders rating scores. LT showed a lower articulation score than NLT, and boys showed a lower score than girls. These findings indicate that the late onset of speech and the gender of young children could be potential risk factors of speech sound disorders.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.1316-1320
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• 2001

The objectives of this study were to investigate the quality characteristics of restructured pressed smoked duck steak from the breast meat of Cherry Valley ducks. Different levels of isolated soybean protein (ISP) (0, 15 and $30g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$) or carrageenan (5, 10 and $15g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$) were added to manufacture the restructured pressed smoked duck steak. The results were as follows: No significant differences were observed for moisture, crude fat, crude protein, cooking loss and water holding capacity of products from all treatments. The panel test scores showed that color, flavor and binding ability of products were considered acceptable. The drip loss in control sliced-products was significantly higher than products containing ISP or carrageenan (p<0.05) during storage at $-18^{\circ}C$ for 12 weeks. The pH value, volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) value and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value of vacuum-packaged products did not change significantly during storage at $-18^{\circ}C$ for 6 weeks. However, TBA values increased with storage time. The viable bacterial counts were about $10^{3}-10^{4}CFU/g$ during storage at $-18^{\circ}C$ for 12 weeks. The products remained good quality during the storage period.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.315-328
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• 2020

In this study, we examined various aspects of discretionary accruals. We compared the power of Jones Model (JM), Modified Jones Model (MJM) and Performance Matched Model (PMM). Furthermore, we tested whether accruals derived from cash flow approach or balance sheet approach provide better results and we investigated the significance of country and industry control variables in models. In order to perform these tests, we constructed thirty equations. The data consists of 319 non-financial companies over five years in the GCC region. We used panel data regression models, and testing suggests us to use random effect model as the most suitable one. The results show that PMM has the highest explanatory power among models and it is followed by JM and MJM, consecutively. Secondly, results reveal that accruals derived from cash flow approach provide more accurate results. Moreover, country dummies are significant in models with cash flow approach and they lose significance in balance sheet approach. We differentiated industries due to two different classifications: the first group with higher number of industries is more precise compared to the second group with a narrower scope and lower number of industries. The model including both industrial and country-wise dummies scores highest in significance.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.59-72
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• 2017

Purpose - This paper evaluated the efficiency performance of the three major maritime transport markets and examined the determinants of the performance. The firms' revenue fluctuates with the changes of the economic cycle; hence it is important for them to set up business strategies to improve efficiencies. A lack of efficiency measurements for shipping firms leads to a significant gap in determining their overall performance. Research design, data, and methodology - Each of DEA scores was adopted for the evaluation and panel regression was used to examine the impact of determinants on the performance. The analysis included 50 shipping firms from three maritime transport markets as follows; 15 firms of container liners, 18 firms of bulk carrier and 17 firms of tanker carriers, and its period was from 2010 to 2016. Results - In the CCR model, container liners were the highest, tanker carriers were the second, and bulk carriers were the lowest in operation efficiency and financial efficiency. By region, operation efficiency and financial efficiency was high in the order of America, Asia, and Europe. Conclusions - This study suggests business strategies for maritime transport companies based on the analytical results of determinants of operational and financial efficiency.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to develop the standardized recipe and to analyze the nutrients of stir-fried whip-arm octopus as one of the kind of traditional local foods in Busan. The standardized recipe was developed by using cookbooks, home recipes, and the recipes by commercial food restaurants. The nutrient was analyzed by using an AOAC method. Sensory evaluations were made on nine sensory attributes by a 12-member panel. As the results, the whip-arm octopus was recorded as a food source for health, rejuvenation in Jasanobo. Since early 1900, the stir-fried method has been used for cooking with the ship-arm octopus. The main ingredients were whip-arm octopus, onion, large green onion as the local stir-fried whip-arm octopus in Busan. The ingredients of soup were shrimp, little neck clam, and water. Seasoning sauce was mixed with red pepper powder, soy sauce, sesame oil, chopped garlic, chopped onion, and sugar. The seasoning sauce was fermented for three days. The results of sensory scores were salty seasoning 3.66/5.00, taste 3.75/5.00, thickness 3.84/5.00, and smell 4.09. Nutrient retention per 100g of the stir-fried whip-arm octopus was 67.54kcal, protein 6.43g, fat 1.66g, Ca 28.06mg, Fe 2.56mg, cholesterol 68mg, and taurin 51mg. Fatty acid consists of various unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid(46.24%) and oleic acid(33.67%).

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.12
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• pp.51-63
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• 2001

With the development of information technology, more and more internet sites are available to consumers. Increasing on the interests of diet and health in modem society, there are numerous internet sites dealing with food, nutrition and health. Considering the importance and expected roles of internet sites in information dissemination in the future world, it is important to put more efforts to encourage internet sites with more accurate an useful information. Up to present, not much work has been done on quality analysis and evaluation of the internet information. This study aimed to develop a model to evaluate and rank the internet information according to its quality so that consumers can be guided toward correct information source. Three models were adapted from the literature for pilot study to develop a model suitable for evaluation of contents of sites related to food and nutrition information. From the pilot study, a evaluation model was developed with criteria more relevant to Korean internet site by expert panel. Evaluation criteria of the model is authority, accuracy, objectivity, coverage, and user-friendliness. For the objective and systematic evaluation, scores were assigned totaling maximum 100 point to each evaluation criteria factors. The model developed in this study could be used as one for other internet sites in area other than food and nutrition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.224.1-224
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• 2003

The production of black rice in Korea has been increasing, as more Koreans are tending to blend black rice with medium-grain rice for serving. This increased production creates an opportunity for developing new products. In this study, the properties of sponge cakes produced from a blend of black rice flour (BRF) and wheat flour (WF) are investigated. Black rice sponge cakes (BRSC) were produced with constant process variables (e.g. baking temperature, fermentation time and BRP content (10, 20 & 30%)). Proximate compositions, farinogram, amylogram and extensogram analyses of BRSC were determined by AACC method. BRSC color was expressed to Hunter L, a and b values using a colorimeter. Sensory properties were evaluated by a trained 5-member panel. Moisture contents in BRSC decreased with increasing contents of BRF, while ash and protein contents were increased. Farinograph and amylograph data did not differ significantly between treatments, while extensograph data decreased with increasing BRF contents. With increasing BRF contents, Hunter L value decreased, while Hunter a value increased. When using 20% of BRP, sensory scores of BRSC were the highest in color, flavor and taste. In conclusion, 20% of BRF would be the optimum amount for producing sponge cake with BRP and WF.