• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.12 no.2 s.20
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• pp.7-11
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• 1976

A portion of duodenum laid pancreatic duct opening were perfused continuously with physiological saline under urethane anesthesia in rats. The pancreatic amylase secretory response to caerulein was studied with autonomic blockers, such as phenoxybenzamine, dibenamine, phentolamine, hexamethonium, propranolol, atropine, and cyproheptadine. The pancreatic amylase output to caerulein, 7.5ng/kg i.v., was markedly increased and the value was approximately three times greater than control. The caerulein-stimulated pancreatic amylase secretion was significantly decreased by i.v. phenoxybenzamine and propranolol treatment, but not by phentolamine or dibenamine. Secretory response of pancreatic amylase to caerulein was not affected by i.v. atropine, hexamethonium or cyproheptadine. These result lead to the conclusion that phenoxybenzamine may inherently inhibit the secretory response of pancreatic amylase to caerulein, and this effect was not related with ${\alpha}-adrenergic$ receptor blocking action.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.42-44
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• 2015

Anomalous union of the pancreaticobiliary duct (AUPBD) has been shown to predispose to carcinomas of the biliary tract (bile duct and gallbladder) and pancreatic cancer because of chronic recurrent inflammatory reaction due to pancreatic or bile juice refluxes. However, pancreatic duct would be less affected by the bile because of the relatively higher intraductal pressure of the pancreatic duct. We report a case of metachronous pancreatic cancer in AUPBD patient without choledochal cyst who underwent cholecystectomy because of gallbladder cancer.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Reports
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.5-7
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• 2019

Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease since curative resection is available in only 20% of patients at the initial diagnosis. Even after radical resection of the cancer, most patients experience recurrence. Therefore, many clinical trials have been attempted to prevent recurrence of pancreatic cancer. The key clinical studies about adjuvant therapy of pancreatic cancer and currently available regimens in Korea will be reviewed concisely according to the chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.437-442
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• 2015

Aim: To establish a pancreatic cancer stem cell model using human pancreatic cancer cells in nude mice to provide a platform for pancreatic cancer stem cell research. Materials and Methods: To establish pancreatic cancer xenografts using human pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990, nude mice were randomly divided into control and gemcitabine groups. When the tumor grew to a volume of $125mm^3$, they treated with gemcitabine at a dose of 50mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection of 0.2ml in the gemcitabine group, while the mice in control group were treated with the same volume of normal saline. Gemcitabine was given 2 times a week for 3 times. When the model was established, the proliferation of pancreatic cancer stem cells was observed by clone formation assay, and the protein and/or mRNA expression of pancreatic stem cell surface markers including CD24, CD44, CD133, ALDH, transcription factors containing Oct-4, Sox-2, Nanog and Gli, the key nuclear transcription factor in Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway was detected by Western blot and/or RT-PCR to verify the reliability of this model. Results: This model is feasible and safe. During the establishment, no mice died and the weight of nude mice maintained above 16.5g. The clone forming ability in gemcitabine group was stronger than that of the control group (p<0.01). In gemcitabine group, the protein expression of pancreatic cancer stem cell surface markers including CD44, and ALDH was up-regulated, the protein and mRNA expression of nuclear transcription factor including Oct-4, Sox-2 and Nanog was also significantly increased (P<0.01). In addition, the protein expression of key nuclear transcription factor in Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway, Gli-1, was significantly enhanced (p<0.01). Conclusions: The pancreatic cancer stem cell model was successfully established using human pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990 in nude mice. Gemcitabine could enrich pancreatic cancer stem cells, simultaneously accompanied by the activation of Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6569-6573
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• 2015

Objective: To evaluate the application value of serum CA19-9, CEA, CA125 and CA242 in diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer cases treated with concurrent chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: 52 patients with pancreatic cancer, 40 with benign pancreatic diseases and 40 healthy people were selected. The electrochemiluminescence immunoassay method was used for detecting levels of CA19-9, CEA and CA125, and a CanAg CA242 enzyme linked immunoassay kit for assessing the level of CA242. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for analyzing the prognostic factors of patients with pancreatic cancer. The Cox proportional hazard model was applied for analyzing the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidential interval (CI) for survival time of patients with pancreatic cancer. Results: The levels of serum CA19-9, CEA, CA125 and CA242 in patients with pancreatic cancer were significantly higher than those in patients with benign pancreatic diseases and healthy people (P<0.001). The sensitivity of CA19-9 was the highest among these, followed by CA242, CA125 and CEA. The specificity of CA242 is the highest, followed by CA125, CEA and CA19-9. The sensitivity and specificity of joint detection of serum CA19-9, CEA, CA125and CA242 were 90.4% and 93.8%, obviously higher than single detection of those markers in diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. The median survival time of 52 patients with pancreatic cancer was 10 months (95% CI7.389~12.611).. Patients with the increasing level of serum CA19-9, CEA, CA125, CA242 had shorter survival times (P=0.047. 0.043, 0.0041, 0.029). COX regression analysis showed that CA19-9 was an independent prognostic factor for patients with pancreatic cancer (P=0.001, 95%CI 2.591~38.243). Conclusions: The detection of serum tumor markers (CA19.9, CEA, CA125 and CA242) is conducive to the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and joint detection of tumor markers helps improve the diagnostic efficiency. Moreover, CA19-9 is an independent prognostic factor for patients with pancreatic cancer.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.249-258
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• 2007

The Pancreatic islet are the clusters of endocrine cells scattered through out the exocrine pancreas. Transplantation of a sufficient pancreatic islets can normalize blood glucose level so that may prevent devastating complications of type I diabetes(IDDM) and other side effects of the IDDM. Recently, there are several approaches to transplant sufficient pancreatic islet, and it was comprised in increase or regeneration of the endogenous $\beta$-cell mass from donor's pancreas, but relatively few studies have been devoted to the morphological characters of the isolated and 3 day cultured pancreatic islets. We investigated morphological pattern of intracellular structure of isolated and 3 day cultured pancreatic islets. The morphological characters of the pancreatic islets were observed by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope, and insulin distribution of the each islets were observed by transmission electron microscope, and were labeled with insulin antibody. Intracellular structures including nuclei, mitochondria, RER, Golgi complex and many secretory granules were normally appeared in the isolated pancreatic islets which was extracted immediately dornor's pancreas, however, There is a significant morphological changes between the 3 day cultured pancreatic islets and isolated islets. 3 day cultured pancreatic islet's $\beta$-cells had normal nuclei but increased cytoplasm mass and RER and developed Golgi complex. Insulin secretory granules were decreased in numbers rather than isolated pancreatic islet. In this study, the pattern of intracellular structure variation was examined during pancreatic islet culture. Most distinct features are variation of the insulin secretory granules, and developed RER, and dilated golgi complex. Therefore, we suggested that the various change of the morphological characters on cultured pancreatic islets were responsible for the function(biosynthesis and secretion of insulin) and growth. These results were also cultured islets have greater ability to recover and maintain normoglycemia than isolated islet transplantation.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.184-196
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• 2022

Purpose: Total or proximal gastrectomy of the upper-third early gastric cancer (u-EGC) often causes severe post-gastrectomy syndrome, suggesting that these procedures are extremely invasive for patients without pathologically positive lymph node (LN) metastasis. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical applicability of a stomach function-preserving surgery, local resection (LR), with prophylactic left gastric artery (LGA)-basin dissection (LGA-BD). Materials and Methods: The data of patients with u-EGC (pathologically diagnosed as T1) were retrospectively analyzed. Total gastrectomy was performed in 30 patients, proximal gastrectomy in 45, and subtotal gastrectomy in 6; the LN status was evaluated assuming that the patients had already underwent LR + LGA-BD. This procedure was considered feasible in patients without LN metastases or in patients with cancer in the LGA basin. The reproducibility of the results was also evaluated using an external validation dataset. Results: Of the 82 eligible patients, 79 (96.3%) were cured after undergoing LR + LGA-BD, 74 (90.2%) were pathologically negative for LN metastases, and 5 (6.1%) had LN metastases, but these findings were only observed in the LGA basin. Similarly, of the 406 eligible tumors in the validation dataset, 396 (97.5%) were potentially curative. Tumors in the lesser curvature, post-endoscopic resection status, and small tumors (<20 mm) were considered to be stronger indicators of LR + LGA-BD as all subpopulation cases met our feasibility criteria. Conclusions: More than 95% of the patients with u-EGC might be eligible for LR + LGA-BD. This function-preserving procedure may contribute to the development of u-EGC without pathological LN metastases, especially for tumors located at the lesser curvature.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.256-260
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• 2001

Chronic pancreatitis is a rare problem in childhood and sometimes shows pancreatic calcification. The most common symptom is recurrent upper abdominal pain with or without associated nausea or vomiting. Pancreatic calcifications are virtually pathognomonic of chronic pancreatitis. In our case, however, chronic pancreatitis caused by multiple pancreatic stones in dilated pancreatic duct, which was very rare in childhood. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP) is valuable in confirming the diagnosis and decision making process for further medical or surgical management of pancreatic disease. We experienced a case of chronic relapsing pancreatitis with pancreatic stones in 13-year-old girl who presented with recurrent upper abdominal pain. She was investigated with ERCP and treated by endoscopic sphincterotomy of sphincter of Oddi and by some stone removal with endoscopic basket. We report this case and review related literatures briefly.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.80-86
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• 2018

The aim of this study were to establish the clinical references and guidelines for the maximum standardized uptake ($SUV_{max}$) value of pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis, and normal pancreas in $^{18}F-FDG$ PET-CT examinations for pancreatic disease. For this purpose, we performed the statistical analysis on the descriptive statistics, percentiles and inter quartiles range (IQR), normal distribution, and using the probability density function for pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis, and normal pancreas. As a result, the clinical reference of $SUV_{max}$ for the pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis, and normal pancreas was more than 3.45, 1.91 to 2.62, and less than 1.91, respectively. Also, optimal cut-off value for applying the dual time point PET-CT examination was determined to be 2.62. The results of this study are summarized as follows: first, we suggests the clinical reference and guideline for the pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis, and normal pancreas, and second, suggests a scientific approach to improve diagnostic accuracy of pancreatic disease by deviating from an approximate experience approach.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.1911-1915
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• 2012

Aim: New technologies for the early detection of pancreatic cancer (PC) are urgently needed. The aim of the present study was to screen for the potential protein biomarkers in serum using proteomic fingerprint technology. Methods: Magnetic beads combined with surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization (SELDI) TOF MS were used to profile and compare the protein spectra of serum samples from 85 patients with pancreatic cancer, 50 patients with acute-on-chronic pancreatitis and 98 healthy blood donors. Proteomic patterns associated with pancreatic cancer were identified with Biomarker Patterns Software. Results: A total of 37 differential m/z peaks were identified that were related to PC (P < 0.01). A tree model of biomarkers was constructed with the software based on the three biomarkers (7762 Da, 8560 Da, 11654 Da), this showing excellent separation between pancreatic cancer and non-cancer., with a sensitivity of 93.3% and a specificity of 95.6%. Blind test data showed a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 91.4%. Conclusions: The results suggested that serum biomarkers for pancreatic cancer can be detected using SELDI-TOF-MS combined with magnetic beads. Application of combined biomarkers may provide a powerful and reliable diagnostic method for pancreatic cancer with a high sensitivity and specificity.