• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.23-31
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• 1978

Hyperthyroidism may be defined as those clinical conditions which result from an increase in the circulating levels of one or both thyroid hormones. Hyperthyroidism in broad sense could be classified with toxic diffuse goiter, toxic adenomatous goiter, and toxic multinodular goiter on the basis of the circulating thyroid hormone levels. For this study, the subject included 94 cases with hyperthyroidism were presented in 77 with toxic diffuse goiter, 8 with toxic adenomatous goiter, and 9 with toxic multinodular goiter on the levels of $^{125}IT_3$ resin uptake rate and serum thyroxine ($T_4$). The observed results were as follows: 1) In the cases of hyperthyroidism including toxic diffuse goiter, toxic adenomatous goiter, and toxic multinodular goiter, 20.21% of the patients were male and 79.79% female. The majority of the patients were in 2nd to 4th decades of their lives. 2) There were objective signs clearly manifested in hyperthyroidism including toxic diffuse goiter and toxic adenomatous goiter which were rare in the multinodular goiter. The clinical signs in toxic diffuse and toxic adenomatous goiter included wide pulse pressure, tachycardia, systolic murmur, exophthalmos, tremor and warm skin etc. (Table 3.) 3) The most freauent complaints of the patients with hyperthyroidism were palpitation, weight loss, increased appetite, perspiration, heat intolerance, nervousness, exertional dyspnea, and menstrual disturbance etc. (Table 4.) There was no clear difference in the incidence of symptoms between toxic diffuse goiter and toxic adenomatous goiter, but there was clear difference between toxic multinodular goiter. 4) Considering of results of $^{125}IT_3$ resin uptake rate and serum $T_4$ level in toxic diffuse goiter, toxic adenomatous goiter and toxic multinodular goiter, $^{125}I\;T_3$ resin uptake rate was $49.15{\pm}9.94%$ (mean) and serum $T_4\;21.29{\pm}7.04ug/dl$ (mean) in toxic diffuse goiter. In toxic multinodular goiter, $^{125}I\;T_3$ resin uptake rate was $32.47{\pm}6.74%$ (mean) and serum $T_4$ level $11.03{\pm}5.0ug/dl$, and then there was clear difference in the results of $^{125}I\;T_3$ resin uptake rate and serum $T_4$ between toxic diffuse goiter and toxic multinodular goiter. The levels of $^{125}I\;T_3$ resin uptake rate and serum $T_4$ in toxic adenomatous goiter were $40.32{\pm}13.08%$ (mean), $15.47{\pm}8.25ug/dl$ (mean) respectively, so there was no clear difference between toxic diffuse goiter and toxic adenomatous goiter. 5) There was no significant differnece in length and width performed with thyroid scanning in toxic diffuse goiter, toxic adenomatous goiter, and toxic multinodular goiter.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.92-98
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• 2001

The dumping syndrome has been a known complication of gastric surgery in adults, but it is recognized as a very rare disease in the pediatric population, especially in Korea. We report a case of dumping syndrome in a 10-month-old infant, who underwent Nissen fundoplication for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux(GER). He was admitted because of aspiration pneumonia, and diagnosed as GER by 24-hour ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring test. For the treatment of GER, Nissen fundoplication was performed. After the operation, symptoms occurred within 30 minutes of meals, such as diaphoresis, palpitation, weakness, abdominal fullness, nausea, and diarrhea. The gastric emptying scan showed very rapid gastric emptying. His oral glucose tolerance tests revealed early-onset hyperglycema followed by delayed-onset hypoglycemia, which was the characteristic finding of the dumping syndrome. We introduced uncooked cornstarch to resolve symptoms and maintain the serum glucose level. After the feeding of uncooked cornstarch, his symptoms subsided and normal oral glucose test was restored. After the six months of treatment, his weight and height were increased dramatically from below 3 percentiles up to the normal range. The dumping syndrome should be considered when an infant suffers from the feeding difficulties after the gastric surgery like Nissen fundoplication, and the diet therapy including uncooked cornstarch could be applied as an effective measure.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.85-98
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• 2009

1. Objective The object of this study was to understand the clinical characteristics of the Taeeumin Symptomatic Pattem. 2. Methods The patients visiting the department of Sasang Constitution of Traditional Korean Medicine clinic from June to November of 2008 were used in this study. Those who showed a favorable turn after over ten days of medication and who showed up for at least two follow-up sessions were chosen among first-time visitors. Of these, 75 patients identified and verified to be of the TE type were chosen for the study sample. The Taeeumin were verified into two groups according to clinical symptoms into Exterior Cold Disease and Interior Heat Disease groups, of which the Interior Heat Disease group was further subdivided into the Galgeun-medicament group and the Cheongshimyeonja-tang group, based on questionnaire results. The Exterior Cold Disease group was set as the control group in order to contrast and compare it with the study group, the Interior Heat Disease group. 3. Results and Conclusions The questionnaire items shown to differentiate the Exterior Cold Symptomatic Patterm and the Interior Heat Symptomaic Pattern (indicating Heat-affceted Liver Symptomatic Pattern) were related to "dryness of stool," "dark urine colorm," "dryness of nose," and "dryness of lips." The items shown to differentiate the Galgeun-medicament group and the Cheongshimyeonja-tang group (of the Dry - Heat Symptomatic Pattern) were related to "nausea," "stifling sensations and palptation," "disturbed sleep," and "dizziness." Therefore, the sleep pattern, palpitation, dizziness, and nausea can be said to be indicators of the Interior Heat Symptomatic Pattern, and Dry-Heat symptoms are better distinctions between the Chongshimyeonja-tang group and the Galgeun-medicament group than Heat-affected Liver symptoms.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.322-326
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• 1998

In order to evaluate menopausal syndrome objectively, examinations were performed as follows: 1) Simplified Menopausal Index (SMI Koyama) and QOL questionnaire (Nagata) were examined subjectively. 2) Urine 17-KS-5 (S Nishikaze), 17-OHCS (OH) were examined objectively. 3) A mobile telemedical device with EKG and KSG was lent to Patients. The subjects were 48 menopausal patients who visited our university hospital as outpatients. According to the results of 5, OH, the subjects were divided into 4 Groups; Group I is high S & high OH, Group ll low S & low OH, Group 111 is low S & high OH, Group tl is high S & low OH. Group IH was the largest (64.6%), Group of was none. The subjects showed significantly lower QOL condition and higher score of SMI. In the QOL, questionnaire items of fixation to physical status (psychogenic reaction), sleep (insomnia), pain(chronic pain) were in common. In SMI, functional vascular symptoms were the largest number. On treatment, Group I was considered to have no need for supplementary agents, but anti-Oketsu agents was prescribed. For Group ll and in some supplementary agents such as red ginseng were prescribed, because they showed low 5. In conclusion, all the groups showed a sign- nificant improvement of QOL and SMI. Group I showed a decrease of OH, Group ll showed an increase of 5, Group In showed an increase of S and SIOH and a decrease of OH. These phenomena were considered prohomeostatic. In QOL, the items of chronic pain, insomnia and appetite were improved. In SMI, chillness, dyspnea, palpitation, pain and fatigability were improved. In mobile tole-medical device, abnormal findings were found in 88.2% of patients. General sdaptation syndrome (Selye, H.) is considered to adjust human life. Menopause is the transit period to exhausted stage in it. So its symptoms vary from person to person. In conclusion, 5 and OH are useful both for classification of menopausal syndrome and for determining treatments according to the classification

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.420-425
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• 2004

Fistula between coronary artery and pulmonary artery is a type of coronary artery anomalies. It can cause atypical chest pain and fatigue, angina pectoris, endocarditis, finally myocardial steal can result in heart failure and myocardial infarction. But only 0.1-0.2% of coronary angiographic studies reveal the communications between coronary artery and other spaces. (heart chamber, pulmonary artery etc.) It is frequently congenital, but acquired types are increasing because chest and heart manipulations such as opertion of tetralogy of Fallot, endomyocardial biopsy, radiation therapy, or penetrating blunt trauma are increasing. There are reports about repair of fistula using thrombogenic tips, coil embolization and surgical intervention. We report a connection between coronary artery and pulmonary artery in 79 years old female. She was 30 pack-years smoker and suffered from dyspnea several years with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. She presented with atypical chest pain and palpitation after admission. Electrocardiography showed ST-T wave abnormality. Emergency coronary angiography and chest CT scan revealed coronary-pulmonary artery fistula. Transcatheter embolization was performed and she was relieved from discomforts.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.51-76
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• 1999

The subject of Abdominal syndrome in the field of Jin Kui Yao Lue takes a quarter of the whole research quantity, and has greatly contributed to the development of diagnoses due to the well-growth of syndrome differentiation through 'the differentiation of symptoms and signs based on prescriptions'-centered abdominal syndrome. Since then, while the diagnostic has been developed mainly in the field of pulse feeling and the inspection of the tongue, application of the abdominal diagnostic has not been continuously improved because of special historical and social environments. Recently, since interest in the differentiation of symptoms and signs based on abdominal syndrome has been raised by emphasis of Oriental diagnostic methods and. medical treatment which have led to the study of Abdominal Syndrome in Jin Kui Yao Lue. The following is the results of the study. 1. Jin Kui Yao Lue abdominal syndrome is categorized into all abdominal symptoms Epigastric symptoms, Hypochondrium symptoms, and Lower abdomen symptoms. 2. Subjective symptoms and Objective symptoms have been found in Abdominal syndrome, and Subjective symptoms have been more often than Objective symptoms. Both of the symptoms have been found more to co-exist in abdominal syndromes. 3. More cases of fullness of abdomen symptoms in All abdominal symptoms, a smaller number of cases in Taiyang disease, Yangming disease, disease involving all three yang, Tayin disease and Jueyin disease have been found, but there have not been found in Shaoyin disease. 4. More cases of Epigastric fullness and rigidity in Epigastric symptoms, Epigastric throbs in Palpitation symptoms, and sense of fullness-in-chest in Abdominal syndrome of chest and hypochondrium have been recognized. 5. Any regularity caused by abdominal symptoms has not been identified. 6. Diagnosis of the abdomen caused by abdominal symptoms has been identified in Epigastric fullness, Epigastric pain, Epigastric procrastination, Epigastric throb, fullness of abdomen and distension of lower abdomen.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.123-133
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• 1985

The authors studied depression in 5,869 college students (male: 3,893, female: 1,976) using Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). The results are as follows: 1) Female college students showed significantly higher total depression scores than male college students (p<0.001). 2) The items of confusion, indecisiveness, and psychomotor retardation were scored higher in both groups and the Items of suicidal rumination, psychomotor agitation, constipation and tachycardia were scored lower in both groups. 3) 18.2% of male college students showed rather serious depression level of score 50 or higher, while 33.1 % of female college students showed the same scores. 4) The psychosocial factors relating to pessimistic views to past, present & future self images showed significantly high depression scores. 5) The depression items of fatigue, irritability, palpitation, hopelessness & dissatisfaction and the anxiety Items of fatigue, anxiousness, tachycardia, apprehension, fear, and body aches & pain were correlated significantly over 0.40 of correlation coefficient.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of early puerperium symptoms and Blood Stasis Index in women during the first two weeks after childbirth. Methods: 38 women staying at Korean postpartum management facilities were studied. Questionnaires were filled out on the date of arrival and departure. Changes in overall physical conditions including neuropsychiatric, circulatory, digestive, musculoskeletal, and urogenital and breast symptoms as well as Blood Stasis Pattern were studied. Results: 1. Neuropsychiatric symptoms were shown in order of Depressed Feeling, Insomnia, Dizziness, Headache, and Easy to Anger and Nervous on arrival. All symptoms showed improvement after two weeks, without significance. 2. Circulatory symptoms were shown in order of Excessive Sweating, Edema, Fatigue, Hot Flash, Anemic Feeling, Alternating Chills and Fever, Cold Hypersensitivity, Chills, Oppression in the Chest, and Palpitation on arrival. Hot Flash, Excessive Sweating, and Edema showed significant improvement after two weeks. 3. Digestive symptoms were shown in order of Dyspepsia, Dry Mouth, Constipation, and Loss of Appetite. All symptoms showed improvement after two weeks, without significance. 4. Pain of Muscles & Joints showed improvement after two weeks, without significance. Pain of Teeth & Gingiva showed slight worsening after two weeks, without significance. 5. Urogenital and Breast symptoms were shown in order of Wound Pain, Fever and Distending Pain in the Breast, and Lower Abdominal Pain on arrival. All symptoms showed significant improvement after two weeks. 6. Blood Stasis Index showed significant improvement after two weeks. Conclusion: Most symptoms were improved in women staying at Korean postpartum management facilities for two weeks. Hot Flash, Excessive Sweating, Edema, Wound Pain, Lower Abdominal Pain, Fever and Distending Pain in the Breast and Blood Stasis Index showed significant improvement.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.455-471
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• 1998

Background and Purpose : We intended to be helpful to understand constitutional symptoms of a disease and an application of the prescription through a clinical study of Soyangin Yangkyuksanwhatang. Methods : We studied 65 patients(40 men and 25 women) treated with Soyangin Yangkyuksanwhatang in constitutional clinic of Dongguk Pundang Oriental Hospital. And then we investigated the characteristics of Yangkyuksanwhatang treated patients, remedial values, onset of action and side effects. Results: Soyangin Yangkyuksanwhatang was used in all age groups both men and women. There were 37 kinds of chief complaints including chest discomfort, numbness of hands and feet, motor disturbance and skin disease etc. The distributions of remedial values were slightly improved(58.5%), much improved(12.3%), no improved(29.3%) and there was no aggravated patient. Using the prescription, mostly I prescribed only Soyangin Yangkyuksanwhatang without any changing, and added some herbs to the prescription according to the symptoms of a disease. Soyangin Yangkyuksanwhatang was affected in remedial values by the addition and subtraction of herbs. The onset of action in young age group was shorter than old age group. Side effects were palpitation, abdominal pain and indigestion etc.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.27-41
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• 2000

The meridian system is the most essential and basic connecting structure that maintains the vital activities of viscera and bowels by connecting them with each part of body's surface. Doctors can understand the healthy condition, and the region and deficiency-excessiveness of disease by observing the condition of Qi flowing. Deficiency and excessiveness could be differentiated by various symptoms expressed in meridian system. Especially there could be several clues like pain, heat-cold, protuberance-depression, change of color and shine in the line of channel leads to the judgment of deficiency-excessiveness The diagnosis of deficiency and excessiveness can be generalized by quantification of elastic status in skin surface along the meridian system. By comparing data from measurement of elastic condition with those from traditional deficiency and excessiveness, it could be utilized for the development of oriental medicine. All biological activities in the human body are based on meridian system according to the oriental medicine. Also the meridian system is viewed as basic and essential structure connecting internal viscera and each part of body. The areas of expressed channel phenomena are muscle to bone, muscle to muscle and bone to bone. These areas are called depression where meridian system is present and any changing state on those points can be measured. It could be difficult in diagnosing the reaction of meridian system because doctor can depend on his own judgment. Therefore, it is necessary to quantify and indexate channel reactions. To quantify the channel reactions, specially manufactured instrument was used to quantify the protuberance and depression to differentiate the deficiency and excessiveness. The results follow as below; 1. The elastic index measurement by the equipment proved a pattern of agreement showing the values that ranged within standard deviation 0.05kgf/cm throughout the experiment except few cases' measurement in CV-17. 2. To evaluate the state of deficiency & excessiveness of elastic index measurements in frontal point, elastic index measurements in the front paint were compared to the elastic index measured surrounding the point within 2.5 cm. Such result of indexing procedure was closely matched to the concept of palpitation. 3. If the elastic index values in the surrounding front point closely located to the elastic index values in the front point, the judgement on the state of deficiency and excessiveness was delayed. Otherwise, it was judged as deficiency or excessiveness. 4. Out of total 12 cases of comparing the elastic index values to the elastic index values in the surrounding front point, Three to nine front points were judged as either in the state of deficiency or excessiveness. 5. Among the nine front points judged as either in the state of deficiency or excessiveness, Four cases were matched to the electric index measured by EAV that evaluating the internal organs by five different phases. If more clinical cases are accumulated, it is expected to systematically theorize and improve the concept of deficiency and excessiveness in the internal organs using the front point.