• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.641-651
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• 2018

Floral scents and metabolites from cut flowers of 14 peony cultivars (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) were analyzed to discriminate different cultivars and to compare the Korean cultivar with the other cut peonies imported to Korea using electronic nose (E-nose) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant function analysis (DFA) dendrogram of peony floral scents were not precisely same but there were 3 groups including same cultivars. PCA and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) dendrograms of peony metabolites showed that different cut peony cultivars were clustered into two major groups including same cultivars. Fragrance pattern of Korean 'Taebaek' was classified to same group with 'Jubilee' on the PCA and DFA results and its metabolite pattern was clearly discriminated by the PCA and PLS-DA compared to the other cultivars. These results show that the 14 peony cut flowers could be discriminated corresponding to their chemical relationship and the metabolic profile of Korean 'Taebaek' has distinctive characteristics. Furthermore, we suggest that these results could be used as the preliminary data for breeding new cut peony cultivars and for improving the availability of Korean cut peony in cosmetic industry.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.459-464
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• 2002

This experiment was conducted to know the changes of bioactive component content in four-year-old peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) root with various drying methods such as room temperature drying, $50^{\circ}C$ heat-air drying, room temperature drying after $80^{\circ}C$ boiling water treatment and freeze drying, and to establish the optimum drying method for high quality production of Paeoniae Radix. For this purpose, the contents of paeoniflorin, albiflorin and five phenolic compounds (gallic acid, benzoic acid, (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin and (+)-taxifolin 3-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside) in peony root with different drying methods were analyzed by RP-HPLC. The contents of paeoniflorin, albiflorin and (+)-taxifolin 3-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside at room temperature drying were higher than in the other drying methods and that of gallic acid at 8$0^{\circ}C$ boiling water treatment was the highest among that of all drying methods. In the case of freeze drying, the contents of (+)-catechin, benzoic acid and (-)-epicatechin were the highest among those of all drying methods. As increase of drying and treatment temperature, the contents of paeoniflorin, albiflorin, (+)-taxifolin 3-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyrano-side, (+)-catechin and benzoic acid were decreased.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.383-389
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidative effects of Paeonia lactiftora Pall. (PL) seed extracts and Forsythia viridissima Lindl. (FVL) extracts on the antioxidative defense system and lipid peroxidation in the erythrocytes of rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 100 10 g were randomly assigned to nine experimental groups and fed 0.5 % cholesterol. The HC group did not receive any supplement, while the MP group was supplemented with 0.1 % methanol extract of PL seed, the MP2 group with 0.2 % methanol extract of PL seed, the EP1 group with 0.05 % ether-soluble fraction of PL seed, the EP2 group with 0.1 % ether-soluble fraction of PL seed, the MS1 group with 0.05 % methanol extract of FVL, the MS2 group with 0.1 % methanol extract of FVL, the ES group with 0.025% ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of FVL, and the ES2 group with 0.05 % ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of FVL. The experimental diets were fed ad libitum for 3 weeks. The erythrocyte SOD activity in the EP1 and EP2 groups increased 38% and 59%, respectively, when compared with the HC group, while the erythrocyte GSHpx activity in the EP1, EP2, and ES2 groups increased 30%, 31 %, and 29%, respectively, when compared with the HC group. The level of erythrocyte TBARS was significantly lower in the MP2, EP1, and EP2 groups than in the HC group, yet the level of serum TBARS was significantly lower in the all supplemented groups than in the HC group. The level of serum HDL- TBARS was significantly lower in the EP1 and EP2 groups than in the HC group, while the level of serum LDL- TBARS was significantly lower in the all the supplemented groups than in the HC group. Accordingly, the results indicated that the PL seed extracts and FVL extracts reduced oxidative damage by activating the antioxidative defense system in the erythrocytes of rats fed a high-cholesterol diet.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 2007

The effects of angiogenesis inhibitor from the extract libraries of Korean and Chinese medicinal plants were investigated using a protein microarray chip. Protein chip was constructed by immobilization of integrin ${\alpha}_5{\beta}_1$ on protein chip base plates and employed far screening active extracts that inhibit the integrin-fibronectin interaction from the extract libraries. The 100 extracts of medicinal plants were obtained from extract bank of National Institute of Crop Science, RDA. The 14 extracts among 100 extract libraries were shown efficient inhibition activity for the interaction between integrin-fibronectin. The medicinal plants of 14 extracts were Vitex negundo var. incisa (Lam.) C.B. Clarke, Epimedium koreanum Nakai, Cedrela sinensis A. Juss, Ipomea aquatica Forsk, Schisandra chinensis Baill, Pulsatilla koreana Nakai, Paeonia lactiflora Pall. var.hortensis Makino, Oenothera odorata, Allium chinense, Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum MAKINO, Polygonatum odoratum Druce var. pluriflorum Ohwi, Hosta lancifolia, Agrimonia pilosa L. var. japonica Nakai and Potentilla chinensis SER. The Paeonia lactiflora, Oenothera, and Agrimonia pilosa from these 14 extracts libraries were shown strong inhibition activity of integrin ${\alpha}_5{\beta}_1$.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.19-22
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• 2006

Planting of peony, a perennial herb is usually planted in fall but the planting time can be postponed to next spring for other benefit such as land use, labour diversification and etc. This study was carried out to know the effect of planting time in spring on growth and yield of peony. Sprouting date in first year growth was earlier as planting time was later. Planting on March 10 showed best both top part and root growth and planting after that time resulted in worse growth. In planting on April 10, missing plant rate was 24% and accordingly root yield decreased to 43% comparing with that of March 10. Planting on March 10 resulted in thick and large number of root and so yield per l0a was 635 kg, the highest value among the other planting time in spring. The paeoniflorin content was not different significantly by planting time. These results suggested that March 10 was most appropriate for planting time in spring.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.13
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• pp.65-70
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• 1995

The experiments were conducted to determine the influence of seed size and mucilaginous substance on seed germination of herbaceous peony collected from farmers' fields in Korea. No significant difference was recognized between the size of seed and the rale of germination. The maximum percentage(68%) of seed germination was obtained from the seeds with thin brown colour treated at $20^{\circ}C$. The amount of mucilaginous substances exuded from peony seeds was the highest in the seeds with black brown colour. Germination rate of peony seeds was negatively correlated with the amount of mucilaginous substance exuded from the seeds. High frequency(93%) of seed germination was obtained from the seeds which treated in the mixture(1:1) of sands and activated charcoal.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.179-195
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• 2009

Objectives : Paeonia lactiflora Pall(芍藥) is known for curing caking muscular contraction(結實而拘攣) according to Yakucho(藥徵) published by Yoshimasu Todo(吉益東洞), but the descriptions of caking muscular contraction(結實而拘攣) are not fully provided. Methods : In order to further investigate and review the exact meaning of caking muscular contraction(結實而拘攣), present study has been conducted on the basis of researches of Yoshimasu Todo's literatures, focusing on Yakucho. Results : As a result of wide range of investigation, it is concluded that caking muscular contraction(結實而拘攣) indicates an abnormal muscular contraction of rectus abdominis. Conclusions : This study will provide helpful clinic information to doctors who will apply medical treatment specified in Yoshimasu Todo's Yakucho(藥徵) to patients in the future.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.173-176
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• 1994

Stem and petiol explants of peony culture turned to brownish black soon after placing onto medium and degenerated to death. Disroloration was caused mainly by ferrous and calcium cloride. Nitrate was a main factor for the death of culture. The culture damage was increased with the increment of the medium salt strength. A few latent axillary buds were elongated to shoots without forming callus.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.201-206
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• 2003

This experiment was conducted to establish the standard of quality evaluation in peony root (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) cultivated in Korea. The contents of extract and changes of extract pH in peony root with different root ages, cultivars and drying method were investigated. The contents of extract and changes of extract pH in peony root with the removed and the unremoved cork layer showed no difference among different root ages. On the other hand, the contents of extract in the root with the unremoved cork layer which was two- to four-year-old, were higher by 3.7 to 9.2% than those in the root with removed cork layer. This suggests that cork layer might be a good source of extracts. The contents of extract in root of Youngchonjakyak in both the removed and the unremoved cork layer were 36% and 30%, respectively and were higher than of Euisungjakyak and Jomjakyak, but the extract pH was not significantly different among three cultivars which were four-year-old. It showed that the contents of extract and the changes of extract pH in peony root with the removed and the unremoved cork layer of Euisungjakyak, which being four-year-old, showed clear difference at various drying methods. Among the different drying methods, it showed that the contents of extract of that with unremoved cork layer in the room temperature drying method was 32.8%, and that of root with the removed cork layer in the $80^{\circ}C$ hot water treatment drying method was 28.1% which were the highest values, respectively. The pH of extract in freeze drying was the highest (about 5.1), and the $80^{\circ}C$ hot water treatment drying showed the lowest (about 3.7).

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.392-398
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• 2002

Comparative analysis of paeoniflorin, albiflorin and phenolic compound contents as bioactive components of peony was performed by Reverse Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RPHPLC) using the four- year-old peony which were different plant parts and pretreatment, such as removing or unremoving the cork layer of peony root before drying. The contents of paeoniflorin, albiflorin, (+)-taxifolin $3-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$, (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin were the highest in rhizome part, but those of gallic acid and benzoic acid in the leaves were higher than other parts. The contents of albiflorin, gallic acid, benzoic acid and (-)-epicatechin in the cork layer were higher than in those of the core, but the contents of paeoniflorin, (+)-taxifolin $3-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ and (+)-catechin in the core were higher than those in the cork layer. In general, the rhizome part of peony root has been used only propagation purpose, but this part contained high contents of bioactive component. Therefore, it is needed that medicinal application of rhizome part in peony root was firmly investigated. Also, In the use of peony root for medicinal purpose, the use of peony root with cork layer can be efficient way on the practical use of useful components and the reduction of labor for removing the cork layer.