• ETRI Journal
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.535-544
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• 2004

With video compression standards such as MPEG-4, a transmission error happens in a video-packet basis, rather than in a macroblock basis. In this context, we propose a semantic error prioritization method that determines the size of a video packet based on the importance of its contents. A video packet length is made to be short for an important area such as a facial area in order to reduce the possibility of error accumulation. To facilitate the semantic error prioritization, an efficient hardware algorithm for face tracking is proposed. The increase of hardware complexity is minimal because a motion estimation engine is efficiently re-used for face tracking. Experimental results demonstrate that the facial area is well protected with the proposed scheme.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.347-353
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• 2010

VoIP 시스템의 통화 품질은 패킷의 전송 손실에 의하여 크게 저하되며, 각 패킷의 손실에 의한 음질 저하 정도는 해당 패킷의 특성에 따라 결정된다. 따라서 각 패킷 손실에 의한 음질 저하를 미리 분석하여 전송 과정에서 손실되는 패킷을 선택적으로 조정하면 VoIP 통화 품질을 향상시킬 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 DS 기반의 네트워크를 사용하는 VoIP에서 각 패킷에 전송 우선순위를 할당하여 통화 품질을 향상시키는 구조를 제안하고, 이를 위한 패킷 중요도 결정 방법을 제안한다. Gilbert 모델에 따른 패킷 손실 환경에서 제안한 방법의 성능을 측정하였으며, 객관적 음질 평가와 주관적 음질 평가를 통하여 VoIP 통화 품질이 향상되는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.129-137
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• 2010

본 논문은 B-MAC 기반 센서네트워크에서 전송 패킷의 우선순위에 따른 차별화된 채널 선점권을 지원하기 위해, 프리앰블과 전송대기 시간을 활용한 패킷 우선순위화 기법을 제안한다. 이 기법은 높은 우선순위의 패킷의 전송 대기 시간을 줄이고 무선 채널의 선점을 보장하여 패킷 전달시간을 비롯한 QoS를 지원하고 센서 네트워크 전체의 무선 채널 사용에 대한 효율성 제고를 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 무선 센서 네트워크에서 널리 사용되어지고 있는 TinyOS 기반 MAC 계층(B-MAC)에 다중 전송 큐를 설계하고 프리앰블 형식을 수정 설계하였다. 이를 통해 패킷의 우선순위에 따라 차등적 백오프를 적용할 경우, 상위패킷의 전송시간을 82-88% 가량 단축시켜 긴급 어플리케이션의 실시간성을 확보할 수 있음을 뒷받침하였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.2333-2353
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• 2020

This paper proposes a novel data prioritization and transmission mechanism to minimize the number of packets transmitted and reduce network overload using the constrained application protocol (CoAP) in resource-constrained networks. The proposed scheme adopts four classification parameters to classify and prioritize data from a sensor. With the packet prioritization scheme, the sensed data having the lowest priority is only delivered using the proposed keep-alive message notification to decrease the number of packets transmitted. The performance evaluation demonstrates that the proposed scheme shows the improvement of resource utilization in energy consumption, and bandwidth usage compared with the existing CoAP methods. Furthermore, the proposed scheme supports quality-of-service (QoS) per packet by differentiating transmission delays regarding priorities.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1435-1440
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• 2014

WSN내의 노드들은 한정된 에너지를 지녔다. 따라서 각 노드들의 채널에 대한 접근을 효율적으로 제어하는 것이 채널 활용성과 에너지 소모에 중요한 역할을 수행한다. 본 논문에서는 WSN에서 각 노드에서의 에너지 효율성을 높이기 위해 하이브리드 TDMA/CSMA MAC을 위한 우선순위 기반 타임 슬롯 할당 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안된 프로토콜은 TDMA와 CSMA 기법의 장점을 활용함과 동시에 (m,k)-firm 기법을 이용하여 채널 접근의 우선권을 제공하였다. 성능 평가를 위해 다양한 노드 수의 변화에 따른 시뮬레이션을 수행하였고, S-MAC과 비교하여 평균 지연시간과 패킷 전송률에서 많은 향상을 보여주었다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.733-750
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• 2019

Software Defined Networking (SDN) is a new network paradigm, allowing administrators to manage networks through central controllers by separating control plane from data plane. So, one or more controllers must locate outside switches. However, this separation may cause delay problems between controllers and switches. In this paper, we therefore propose a Priority-based Scheduling policy for OpenFlow (PSO) to reduce the delay of some significant traffic. Our PSO is based on packet prioritization mechanisms in both OpenFlow switches and controllers. In addition, we have prototyped and experimented on PSO using a network simulator (ns-3). From the experimental results, PSO has demonstrated low delay for targeted traffic in the out-of-brand control network. The targeted traffic can acquire forwarding rules with lower delay under network congestion in control links (with normalized load > 0.8), comparing to traditional OpenFlow. Furthermore, PSO is helpful in the in-band control network to prioritize OpenFlow messages over data packets.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제7권11호
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• pp.2793-2803
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• 2013

In H.264, three different data partition types are used, which have unequal importance to the reconstructed video quality. To improve the performance of H.264 video streaming transmission over IEEE 802.11e Wireless Local Area Networks, a prioritization mechanism that categorizes different partition types to different priority classes according to the calculated distortion within one Group of Pictures. In the proposed scheme, video streams have been encoded based on the H.264 codec with its data partition enabled. The dynamic scheduling scheme based on Enhanced Distributed Channel Access has been configured to differentiate the data partitions according to their distortion impact and the queue utilization ratio. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme improves the received video quality by 1dB in PSNR compared with the existing Enhanced Distributed Channel Access static mapping scheme.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2021

With the broad adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) in a variety of scenarios and application services, management and orchestration entities require upgrading the traditional architecture and develop intelligent models with ultra-reliable methods. In a heterogeneous network environment, mission-critical IoT applications are significant to consider. With erroneous priorities and high failure rates, catastrophic losses in terms of human lives, great business assets, and privacy leakage will occur in emergent scenarios. In this paper, an efficient resource slicing scheme for optimizing federated learning in software-defined IoT (SDIoT) is proposed. The decentralized support vector regression (SVR) based controllers predict the IoT slices via packet inspection data during peak hour central congestion to achieve a time-sensitive condition. In off-peak hour intervals, a centralized deep neural networks (DNN) model is used within computation-intensive aspects on fine-grained slicing and remodified decentralized controller outputs. With known slice and prioritization, federated learning communications iteratively process through the adjusted resources by virtual network functions forwarding graph (VNFFG) descriptor set up in software-defined networking (SDN) and network functions virtualization (NFV) enabled architecture. To demonstrate the theoretical approach, Mininet emulator was conducted to evaluate between reference and proposed schemes by capturing the key Quality of Service (QoS) performance metrics.