• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.203-214
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• 2021

본 연구는 천적 곤충을 운송하는 동안 제품의 품질을 유지할 수 있는 포장 표준화 방안을 마련하고자 수행되었다. 먼저 4개 업체의 천적 제품 유통 현황을 분석한 결과, 평균 배송 소요시간인 36 ~ 48시간동안 평균 25.6℃(최저온도: 18.1℃, 최고온도: 30.7℃)를 유지하는 것을 확인하였다. 계절별 최적의 포장방법을 구축하기 위하여 0 ~ 30℃ 범위에서 5℃ 간격으로 7개의 외부온도조건을 설정하였다. 또한 보냉제의 취급방법별 내부온도 유지성능평가를 실시해 14건의 포장조합을 도출하였다. 도출한 포장조합을 외부온도조건에 맞춰, 포장 후 12시간 이내의 직접 배송 또는 36 ~ 48시간이 소요되는 일반 배송기간 동안 최소한의 에너지로 천적의 생존을 유지할 수 있는 발육영점온도에 근접한 3.0 ~ 9.9℃로 유지할 수 있는 포장조합을 제시하였다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2024

This study was conducted to examine the microbiological quality indicators (total bacterial count and coliform count) and physicochemical quality indicators (pH, redness, volatile basic nitrogen [VBN] content) of meat according to various storage temperatures (-20~15℃) and packaging methods (wrap, vacuum). Based on these results, we proposed a safe consumption period. Redness, pH, and VBN content were not considered appropriate for setting the expiration date, as the redness and pH of the meat after spoilage were better than the standard values for both vacuum and wrap packaging (p<0.05). Additionally, the VBN content at 2 and 4℃ increased slightly (fresh level) until the initial time of spoilage (1.0×10⁶ colony-forming unit [CFU]/cm²) and then increased rapidly thereafter. Therefore, the results were not consistent with microbial spoilage. When the decay point was evaluated based on the presence of microorganisms, vacuum packaging extended the storage period approximately 2.5-fold when compared with wrap packaging, and the meat could be stored at 2 or 4℃ for 40 or 23 days, respectively. Therefore, to evaluate meat quality, microbial indicators should be considered first. The microbiological standards proposed in this study can be used for safety management during the distribution of meat. However, to ensure meat safety, additional investigations of appropriate indicators of freshness must be conducted.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.91-95
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• 2017

Package-On-Package (PoP) technology is developing toward smaller form factors with high-speed data transfer capabilities to cope with high DDR4x memory capacity. The common application processor (AP) used for PoP devices in smartphones has the bottom package as logic and the top package as memory, which requires both thermally and electrically enhanced functions. Therefore, it is imperative that PoP designs consider both thermal and power distribution network (PDN) issues. Stacked packages have poorer thermal dissipation than single packages. Since the bottom package usually has higher power consumption than the top package, the bottom package impacts the thermal budget of the top package (memory). This paper investigates the thermal and electrical characteristics of PoP designs, particularly the bottom package. Findings include that via and dense via-cluster volume have an important role to lower thermal resistance to the motherboard, which can be an effective way to manage chip hot spots and reduce the thermal impact on the memory package. A Cu block and dense via-cluster layout with an optimal location are proposed to drain the heat from the chip hot spots to motherboard which will enhance thermal and electrical performance at the design stage. The analytical thermal results can be used for design guidelines in 3D packaging.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.145-158
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• 2015

Disposable marine product packaging materials such as wooden, Styrofoam, and corrugated cardboard boxes have a very low reuse rate, thus causing the logistics costs to rise and making it difficult to establish a unit load system for marine products. Disposable packing containers to be discarded are accompanied by resource and environmental issues home and abroad. Transportation vehicles for marine products have to return empty without loading different kinds of products after delivery due to the smell and properties of marine products, thus posing as an obstacle to logistics rationalization. In an effort to overcome those limitations, this study examined the stages of transportation including "producer-wholesale market in the producing area-commission merchant-wholesale market in the consumption area-commission merchant-quasi-wholesale market-consumer" and also analyzed the utilization and distribution of disposable packaging materials currently used in the circulation of marine products including wooden, Styrofoam, and corrugated cardboard boxes. Based on the analysis results, the investigator developed a logistics rationalization model capable of promoting semi-permanent reuse and lowering empty vehicle rate on return routes as an alternative to address environmental issues caused by disposable packaging materials, which have been an obstacle to the logistics rationalization of marine products, packaging costs in the process of repeating packing and unpacking at each stage of marine products circulation, and empty vehicle rates on return routes after marine products delivery.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.32-41
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• 2002

To prolong freshness and to reduce a decay rate of cut flowers during storage and distribution, a new packaging paper was developed with grapefruit seed extracts(GFSE) as a natural microorganism control agent. The GFSE was fractionated in order to identify antibiotic fractions by HPLC equipped with C18-reverse phase column chromatography. Among the active fractions, three ones were identified as 1-chloro-2-methyl-benzene (ο-toluene), N, N-dimethyl-benzenemethaneamine, and 1-〔2-(2-ethylethoxy)ethoxy〕-4-(1,1,3,3- tetra methyl)-benzene, while the other three remained unidentified. The GFSE-added paper displayed an effective inhibitory activity against putrefactive bacteria and fungi which were involved in the decay of flowers. Despite excellent antimicrobial acts of the GFSE-treated packaging paper, it was not possible to prevent the cut flowers from being dehydrated during storage, which led to the reduction of their fresh weight. However, additional treatment for giving water- repellency property to the GFSE-treated paper decreased a reduction rate of the fresh weight up to around 50% compared to the only GFSE-treated one.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2017

Purpose - The paper aims to explore the critical and uncover issues encountered to the supply-chain companies in launching halal based services in India. Research design, data, and methodology - After a meticulous review of relevant literature on the halal concept and halal logistics, researchers involved in a data collection by conducting semi-structured focus group interviews. Four groups with a maximum of 5 members each have chosen from the areas of transportation, warehousing, certification, and packaging. A total of 20 questionnaires were collected by applying purposive sampling method. Results - More than 95 percent of the chosen focus groups agreed that they know only about halal but don't have any exposure to halal logistics. The discussion has revealed that the adoption rate for halal transportation, warehousing, halal certification, and packaging is almost zero. The respondents were chosen only from transportation, warehousing, certification and packaging companies from south India which are operating throughout India. This research never attempts to be acquainted with the opinions of channel members who directly or indirectly involved in meeting customer demands. Conclusions - This is a ground-breaking effort aimed to study the critical issues related to Indian halal logistics which is beneficial to both logistic companies as well as to the academic world.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.315-324
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• 2003

If an optimum design technique is applied in the design of packaging container for bulk-type products, merits on the side of not only economic and compression performance but distribution efficiency are expected. Accordingly, minimum board area (mRBA), compression strength (CS) and compression strength per unit area (mCSPA) are important design parameters in optimum design of packaging container for bulk-type products. In this study, mathematical models for mRBA, CS and mCSPA of container as algorithm for optimum design program were developed. In order to develop these models, compression test by various dimensions of container and response surface analysis for mRBA, CS, and mCSPA of container were carried out. In the developed models, volume, W/L ratio and depth of container were principal independent variables. On the found of these models, optimum design program having faculties of outward and inward optimum design and information design was developed. Though the packaging specifications are same, required board area, board combination and cost of the corrugated board required container manufacture were greatly different by boundary conditions in outward design. Moreover, about 6.3∼10.1% in weight of container was lighter, and about 13.2∼25.6% in cost of container was reduced when the program was applied for 2 kinds of bulk-type products.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

TSV는 그동안 3D IC 적층을 하는데 핵심 기술로 많이 연구되어 왔고, RC delay를 줄여 소자의 성능을 향상시키고, 전체 시스템 사이즈를 줄일 수 있는 기술로 각광을 받아왔다. 최근에는 TSV를 전기적 연결이 아닌 소자의 열관리를 위한 구조로 연구되고 있다. TSV를 이용한 liquid cooling 시스템 개발은 TSV 제조, TSV 디자인 (aspect ratio, size, distribution), 배선 밀도, microchannel 제조, sealing, 그리고 micropump 제조까지 풀어야 할 과제가 아직 많이 남아있다. 그러나 TSV를 이용한 liquid cooling 시스템은 열관리뿐 아니라 신호 대기시간(latency), 대역폭(bandwidth), 전력 소비(power consumption), 등에 크게 영향을 미치기 때문에 3D IC 적층 기술의 장점을 최대로 이용한 차세대 cooling 시스템으로 지속적인 개발이 필요하다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2019

This study was performed to evaluate the microbial and temperature changes of boxed beef during transport and distribution under vacuum and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), and to compare between excision and swab sampling for 15 days. The top round and striploin (quality grade 1) from Hanwoo steers at 2 days post-slaughter were obtained from a local meat processing plants and chilled at $4{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ in a cold room. The boxes were transported under refrigeration ($4{\pm}2^{\circ}C$) to the laboratory within half an hour. Vacuum and MAP packs were subsequently taken out from cool boxes, and microbiological examinations were carried out at 0, 6, 12, and 24 h of storage time. MAP was more effective than vacuum packaging for the inhibition of total aerobic, lactic acid bacteria and Pseudomonas (p < 0.05). Microbial loads of swab methods were slightly lower than those of excision ones (p < 0.05). The results of this study could be utilized by meat consumers in future studies as well as by manufacturers to determine the ideal storage conditions for cool boxed meat, thus ensuring reduced economic losses due to spoilage.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.45-69
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• 2011

포장의 기본적인 기능은 포장의 보존성·배송성·세분성·심미성·편리성이다. 초기에는 포장의 기능 및 필요성을 보호성에 두었지만, 오늘날 이것이 더욱 확장되어 패키지의 판매촉진 기능에 중점을 두고 있다. 생산품은 그것 자체로만 상품이라 말하기는 어렵지만, 패키지 상품이 됨으로써 상품화하였다고 말 할 수 있다. 또한 포장과 내용물이 동일시(identification) 됨으로써 상품이 되는 것이므로 패키징의 상품성은 중요한 기능이다. 포장 디자인의 역할이란 소비자의 다양한 needs와 wants를 충족시키는데 영향력있는 요소이다. 과거의 식품 패키지디자인은 물건을 보호하고 운반하는 역할에 지나지 않았지만 현대에 들어서는 더욱 다양한 역할이 요구되고 있다. 요즘의 상품들은 그것이 갖는 본래의 기능뿐 아니라 더불어 다양한 부가가치가 있어야 하는 것이다. 이는 기술과 정보의 발달과 물질의 풍요에서 오는 선택 범위의 다양성에서 비롯된다. 오늘날의 식품 패키지디자인이 단지 물건을 아름답게 감싸는 수준에만 머물 수 없는 것은 바로 이 때문이다. 패키지디자인은 상품을 소개하는 가장 상징적인 기호이다. 제품을 연구, 생산, 유통하는 관계자의 입장에서도 그렇고, 그 제품을 구매하여 사용하는 소비자의 입장에서도 마찬가지이다. 상품의 정보를 전달하는 쪽이나 제품의 상품성을 따져보는 쪽이나 중요한 매개체는 결국 패키지디자인인 것이다. 현대의 식품 패키지디자인은 상품의 기능적인 면은 물론 소비자의 까다로운 감성적 요구에도 충실해야 한다. 이것이야말로 현대 식품 패키지의 중요성과 존재 이유라고 할 수 있다. 패키지는 소비자의 요구에 충실하기 위해 존재한다. 소비자에게 선택되는 기회를 얻기 위한 접근, 이것이 식품 패키지디자인의 가장 큰 역할이다. 본 연구는 식품 패키지디자인에서 제안되는 심미성, 편의성, 실용성, 경제성 그리고 환경 지향성을 상업화하기 위해 현존하는 방법들과 이론들을 살펴보고, 식품 산업분야에서 패키지디자인이 판매촉진 및 매출 증대에 지대한 영향을 주는 이유와, 물류 분야에서 상품의 효익에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 패키지디자인의 기능과 역할에 대하여 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 한다. Green Design을 식품 패키지에 접목시켜 재활용과 분해가능한 식품 패키지 개발에 대한 사례와 장수식품의 패키지디자인 사례를 살펴본다.