• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.75-81
• /
• 2007

Sodium salicylate (NaSal), a chemopreventive drug, has been shown to induce apoptosis and cell circle arrest depending on its concentrations in a variety of cancer cells. In A549 cells, low concentration of NaSal (5$\sim$10 mM) induces cell cycle arrest, whereas it induces apoptosis at higher concentration of 20 mM. In the present study, we examined the molecular mechanism for NaSal-induced cell cycle arrest. NaSal induced expression of p53, p21 (Wafl/Cipl), and p27 (Kipl) that play important roles in cell cycle arrest. p53 induction was mediated by its phosphorylation at Ser-15 that could be prevented by the PI3K-related kinase (ATM, ATR and DNA-PK) inhibitors including wortmannin, caffeine and LY294002. In addition, NaSal-induction of p2l (Wafl/Cipl) was detected in P53 (+/+) wild type A549 cells but not in p53 (-/-) mutant H1299 cells, indicating p53-dependent p21 (Wafl/Cipl) induction. In contrast, p27 (Kipl) that is a negative regulate. of cell cycle with p21 (Wafl/Cipl) was observed both in A549 cells and H1299 cells. Thus, 5 mM NaSal appeared to cause cell cycle arrest through inducing the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 (Wafl/Cipl) via PI3K-related protein kinase-dependent p53 activation as well as by up-regulating p27 (Kipl) independently of p53 in A549 cells.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.20-27
• /
• 1997

Objectives of this study was to investigate effects of supplemental chromium (Cr) as CrP in growing pigs treated with pST. Seventy two Landrace pigs weighing average 60 kg were alloted to the three treatments during the 52-d experimental period: control (corn-soybean basal diet); pST treatment (4 mg/head/day); pST + CrP treatment (4 mg and 200 ppb/head/day). Upon termination of feeding trial weighing average 105 kg, thirty-six pigs randomly selected from each treatment were slaughtered to compare carcass traits. For the study of lipid metabolism, eighteen pigs were alloted to the same treatments. Adipose tissue samples from eighteen pigs were collected to investigate lipid metabolism. All treated samples with pST and pST + CrP showed improvements in daily weight gain, regardless of sex. Feed/gain ratio significantly improved in pigs treated with pST and pST + CrP. Dressing percentages were higher in pigs treated with pST and pST + Crp. Carcass grades were significantly higher in pigs treated with pST and pST + CrP. Lipolysis of adipose tissue measured in vitro was significantly increased in pigs treated with pST, lipogenesis in vitro showed opposite tendency. Even though the current data does not show synergistic effects on the above parameters when CrP and pST were supplied at the same time, but CrP supplementation tended to improve growth performance and carcass traits of pigs treated with pST.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.233-238
• /
• 2002

도축 후 돈육의 육질평가에 있어 중요한 요인인 사후 24시간 pH를 측정하여 pH가 5.31-5.50, 5.51-5.70, $\geq$5.71에 따른 육질을 조사한 결과, 사후 pH가 더 낮을수록 단백질 함량이 높고, 지방 함량이 낮았다(P$<$0.05). 사후 24시간 pH가 높을수록 보수력은 증가하였으며, 가열감량과 육즙감량은 유의적으로(P$<$0.05) 감소하였다. 육의 경도, 탄력성, 씹힘성과 지방경도 역시 사후 24시간 pH가 높을수록 유의적인 증가를 보였다(P$<$0.05). 육색특성 중 CIE L*값은 사후 24시간 pH가 낮을수록 유의적으로 높았으며, a*와 b*값, chroma 값은 최종 pH가 5.71 이상의 돈육에서 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다(P$<$0.05). Hue 값은 pH 5.31-5.70 범위에서 가장 높았으며, $\Delta$E 값도 pH 5.31-5.50에서 가장 높았다. 관능적 특성의 분석결과, 다즙성과 연도는 최종 pH가 높을수록 향상되었으나, 향미는 최종 pH 범위에 따른 차이가 인정되지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구결과, 도축 후 24시간 돈육의 pH 범위에 따라 육질의 차이를 보이기 때문에 사후 적정 pH를 유지할 수 있도록 도축전 관리, 도축방법, 도축 후 냉각 온도관리 등을 개선하는 것이 고품질 돈육생산에 있어 중요한 것으로 사료된다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.189-194
• /
• 2004

Amylase isozyme based three multivoltine viz., N+p, Np, N+ $p^{cho}$ and two bivoltine-D6+p, D6p syngenic lines (Syn. L) were developed from germplasm (GP) stocks Nistari (N) and D6 respectively. haemolymph isozyme pattern at pH 7.0 and 8.5 depicted a total 11 number (Am $y_{1 to 6}$ at pH 7.0 and Am $y^{l to 5}$ at pH 8.5) of native proteins (NP) of various sizes are amylase isozyme expressers. Among eleven NPs, two NPs of 770 kDa (Am $y^{6}$ at pH 7.0) and 376 kDa (Am $y^3$ at pH 8.5) are $\alpha$-amylase expressers and remaining NPs of 370, 364, 350, 329 and 274 kDa at pH 7.0 and 206, 292, 416, 725 kDa at pH 8.5 are $\beta$-amylase expressers. Accordingly, digestive juice amylase isozyme pattern at aforesaid pH also depicted a total number of 10 NPs (Am $y^{1 to 5}$) at each pH 7.0 and 8.5 are amylase expressers of which NP of 387 kDa (Am $y^4$ at pH 7.0) and 780 kDa (Am $y^{5}$ at pH 8.5) are a-amylase expresser. Remaining NPs of 338,297 ＆ 216 kDa at pH 7.0 and 370, 341, 329 ＆302 kDa at pH 8.5 are $\beta$-amylase expresser. Recurrent backcross lines (RBL) viz., N+pRBL and NpRBL were developed through introgression of high shell weight character (a multigenic trait) to be used further for congenic line (Con. L) development and to understand any association with introgressed character. Isozyme pattern in haemolymph of RBLs depicted only one $\alpha$-amylase of 770 kDa at pH 7.0 and 376 kDa at pH 8.0 with three and four respective $\beta$-amylase bands but in bivoltine lines numbers of $\beta$-amylase bands vary between 1 to 2 at aforesaid pH. Variability was also observed in digestive juice of multivolitine and its RBLs but bivoltine lines express null activity at both pH except appearance of one very week $\alpha$-amylase band D6+p at pH 8.5. Overall study suggests that not a single NP at both pH is common for expression of any band of amylase isozyme i.e., a totally different set of proteins are the amylase isozyme expresser at specific pH and no molecular factor of amylase is associated in developed RBLs which showed improvement on survival, single cocoon shell weight (SCSW) and single filament length over receptor parents.s.s.s.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• 제30권5_6호
• /
• pp.793-807
• /
• 2012

If G is any connected graph of order p; then the thorn graph $G_p^*$ with code ($n_1$, $n_2$, ${\cdots}$, $n_p$) is obtained by adding $n_i$ pendent vertices to each $i^{th}$ vertex of G. By treating the pendent edge of a thorn graph as $P_2$, $K_2$, $K_{1,1}$, $K_1{\circ}K_1$ or $P_1{\circ}K_1$, we generalize a thorn graph by replacing $P_2$ by $P_m$, $K_2$ by $K_m$, $K_{1,1}$ by $K_{m,n}$, $K_1{\circ}K_1$ by $K_m{\circ}K_1$ and $P_1{\circ}K_1$ by $P_m{\circ}K_1$ and their respective generalized thorn graphs are denoted by $G_P$, $G_K$, $G_B$, $G_{KK}$ and $G_{PK}$ respectively. Many chemical compounds can be treated as $G_P$, $G_K$, $G_B$, $G_{KK}$ and $G_{PK}$ of some graphs in graph theory. In this paper, we obtain the bounds of the wiener index for these generalization of thorn graphs.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 1989년도 춘계 학술대회지
• /
• pp.50-51
• /
• 1989

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.181-186
• /
• 2000

The expression of $p21^{WAF1/ClP1/SDl1}$, one of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, is regulated by a variety of transcription factors including p53 and STAT. Heat shock induces the expression of p21 in a temperature- and time-dependent manner. Although the p21 induction by heat shock has been reported to be controlled by p53, a p53-independent mechanism Is also involved. To understand the p53-independent regulation of heat shock-induced p21 expression, we searched the promoter region of p21 gene and found one or two heat shock element (HSE)-like sequences in human, rat, and mouse. Electromobility shift assay (EMSA) showed that heat shock factor (HSF) could bind to these HSE-like sequences In response to heat shock, even though to a lesser extent than to HSE. In addition, p21 promoter deletion analysis revealed that heat shock activated a p21 deletion promoter construct containing the HSE-like sequences but lacking p53-binding sites, but not a promoter construct containing neither HSE-like sequences nor the p53-responsive element. Furthermore, the p21 induction by heat shook was significantly inhibited in confluent cells in which heat shock-induced HSF activation was reduced. These results suggest that the transcriptional regulation of p21 by heat shock may be mediated through activation and binding to HSE-like sequences of HSF.

• 한국통신학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국통신학회 2004년도 추계종합학술대회 논문 초록집
• /
• pp.38-38
• /
• 2004

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제43권3호
• /
• pp.199-204
• /
• 2010

The protein p104 was first isolated as a binding partner of the Src homology domain of phospholipase C$\gamma$1, and has been shown to associate with p85$\alpha$, Grb2. The ectopic expression of p104 reduced cellular growth rate, which was also achieved with the overexpression of only the proline-rich region of p104. The proline-rich region of p104 has been found to inhibit the colony formation of platelet-derived growth factor BB-stimulated NIH3T3 cells and MCF7 cancer cells on soft agar. Mutagenesis analysis showed that the second and third proline-rich regions are essential for growth control, as well as for interaction with p85$\alpha$. Overexpression of p104 increased the level of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, $p27^{Kip1}$, and inhibited the activity of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). In summary, p104 interacts with p85$\alpha$ and is involved in the regulation of $p27^{Kip1}$ expression for the reduction of cellular proliferation.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.407-413
• /
• 1993

해녀콩(Canavalia lineata L. DC) 잎에서 유도한 캘러스를 pH 8인 완충용액에 한 시간 동안 처리하면 pH 6에서 보다 arginase의 활성이 약 두 배로 증가했다. 캘러스에서 얻은 arginase의 조효소액을 Sephacryl S-200 컬럼에서 분획하면 분자량이 각각 380 kD과 179 kD으로 나타났는데 분자량이 큰 arginase의 분획은 pH 8 처리구에서 각각 상대적으로 많이 나타났다. 그리고 pH 6에 0.5 mM Mn2+를 첨가하였을 때도 380 kD arginase의 분획이 크게 나타났으며, pH 6 처리에서 얻은 179 kD arginase 분획에 pH 8 처리를 하면 380 kD 분획으로 쉽게 전이될 수 있었다. pH 6 처리 후 추출한 arginase는 Mn2+의 첨가로 활성이 크게 증가하여 pH 8 처리 후 추출한 arginase와 비슷한 활성을 보이나, pH 8 처리 후 추출한 arginase는 Mn2+의 첨가로 더 이상의 활성증가를 보이지 않았다. Mn2+이 없는 조건에서 두 arginase의 Km값과 Vmax를 조사한 결과, 380 kD arginase는 22 mM과 1.61 $\mu$mole urea.min-1.mg-1 protein, 그리고 179 kD arginase는 30 mM과 0.79 $\mu$mole urea.min-1.mg-1 protein으로 측정되었다.