• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.847-850
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• 1996

The bi-layered films composed of Co-Cr-Ta layers and paramagnetic $Co_{67}Cr_{33}$ underlayer were deposited by suing Facing Targets Sputtering(FTS). The effects of $Co_{67}Cr_{33}$ underlayer on the crystallographic and magnetic characteristics of the Co-Cr-Ta layer deposited on the underlayer was investigated. The diffraction intensity $I_{p(002)}$ of Co-Cr-Ta layers on the $Co_{67}Cr_{33}$ layer was stronger than that of single layer and Co-Cr-Ta/Ti double layer. Therefore, the crystallinity of Co-Cr-Ta layer was imporved by the $Co_{67}Cr_{33}$ underlayer rather than Ti ones. However, te coercivity H$_{c\bot}$ of Co-Cr-Ta layers deposited on $Co_{67}Cr_{33}$ underlayer was as low as 250 Oe even at substrate temperature of $220^{\circ}C$. This H$_{c\bot}$ decrease seems to be attributed to the effect of the $Co_{67}Cr_{33}$ underlayer as well as interval time between deposition of the underlayer and the Co-Cr-Ta layer.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.384-390
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• 2021

A Gram-negative, aerobic, motile by gliding, and rod-shaped marine bacterium, designated CE67^T was isolated from the marine sponge Callyspongia elegans on Biyang-do in Jeju Island. The CE67^T strain grew optimally at 25℃, pH 7.5, and in the presence of 2-3% (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain CE67^T was related to the genus Aureivirga and had the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the Aureivirga marina VIII.04^T type strain (96.3%). The primary fatty acids (>10%) of strain CE67^T were iso-C_15:0 (35.3%) and iso-C_17:0 3OH (21.8%). The polar lipid profile of strain CE67^T contained phosphatidylethanolamine, unidentified aminolipids, and unidentified lipids. The predominant menaquinone was MK-6. The DNA G+C content was 29.1 mol%. Based on the polyphasic taxonomic analysis, strain CE67^T was determined to be a representative novel species of the genus Aureivirga for which we propose the name Aureivirga callyspongiae sp. nov., whose strain type is CE67^T (=KCTC 42847^T=JCM 34566^T).

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.12-21
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• 1987

Residues of some organo-chlorine pesticides on 108 solis collected from 5 sites of Chungnam avea during March 20-April 6, 1986 were investigated. 12 different kinds of Chemical components were detected showing the highest detection frequency with P.P'-DDE(67.6%) and the lowest with Heptachlor(1.8%). 4 different chemicals, ${\alpha}-BHC$, ${\gamma}-chlordane$, P.P'-DDD and P.P'-DDD and P.P'-DDE showed their average contents in the soils of 0.001 ppm and 0.005ppm for ${\beta}-BHC$, respectively. On the other hand, ${\alpha}-BHC$, ${\gamma}-chlordane$, P.P'-DDT. O.P'-DDT and P.P'-DDD showed 0.002ppm for their average contents of residues, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.56-61
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• 1983

Direct production of biomass from starch using amylolytic yeast, Sporobolomyces holsaticus FRI Y-5 was studied with varying the ratios between carbon and other nutrient sources in the medium. It was investigated under condition of constant C/P and C/S ratio to influence the initial concentration of starch $(S_o)$ and C/N ratio on its growth which is described as the specific growth rate $({\mu})$, cell yield (Y), the maximum concentration of cell $(X_m)$, and productivity (P). They were very dependent on both $S_o$ and C/N ratio. The form of the relationship between and ${\mu}$ and $S_o$ was observed to be similar to saturation kinetics at C/N = 100 but presented substrate inhibition at other C/N ratios. As $S_o$ was changed from 22.5 to 90 g/l, Y was observed to vary with C/N ratios but seemed to decrease as a wholes. $X_m$ was linearly related to $S_o$ at more than C/N = 50 but at less than C/N = 10 substrate inhibition was presented. P increased suddenly to $S_o$ = 45 g/l and then changed decreasingly at less than C/N = 50, but at more than C/N = 100 it changed increasingly. The effect of C/P ratio and C/S ratio on the yeast growth was also investigated at constant $S_o$ and C/N ratio. ${\mu}$ was dependent on C/P and C/S ratios, but Y, independent on them. But $X_m$ was reliant upon C/P ratio but not upon C/S ratio.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.666-675
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• 2013

This research was carried out from March 2009 to July 2012 to explicate the height change based breeding-ecological characteristics of Titmice that were breeding in the artificial nests installed in the Halla Mountain. The first egg-laying day was delayed as the height of the area under investigation increased, and it turned out that the decrease in temperature due to the elevated height had influence on that delay (p<0.05). Generalizing the annual results of the analyses, we see that there was no significant correlation occurring between the average temperatures and egg-laying days in the breeding season (April~June) (p>0.05). The rate of artificial nest use was not different among areas and among year, but between the species, Parus major and Parus varius. There were differences in clutch sizes among species (p>0.05), but no differences in heights and years (p<0.05). The hatching-, fledging-, and breeding-success rates were 67.3%, 99.5%, and 67.0% respectively in 2011, and 71.3%, 96.8%, 69.0% respectively in 2012, from which we can tell that the fledging-success rate was high but the hatching- and breeding-success rates were similar. Though we confirm that temperature changes due to height differences had influence on breeding periods, but we cannot identify a significant correlation with other breeding-ecological characteristics. Thus, in order to more precisely explicate the influence of temperature changes due to heights on Titmice's breeding, long-term research is needed in terms of the investigation of microclimatic factors and food resource.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.391-405
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• 1995

Cockroach survey on the relative density from 7 different habitats including hotel-ins, tea-rooms restaurants, hospitals, apartments, and resident hoses were conducted in 3 District(Ku) areas in Suwon city during the period of February through October, 1994. of a total of 3.039 trap sets, Cockroaches were collected from 1,435 traps, comprised of a 47.22% positive trap-rate. Chinese restaurants were shown to be the highest positive trap-rate of 72.67% of the total while the other habitats such as Korean restaurants, apartments, resident hoses, tea-rooms, hotel-inns, and hospitals were 60.67%, 58.61%, 52.22%, 38.67%, 24.88%, and 17.54%, respectively. Blattella germanica was shown to be the highest population density of 55.01 individuals/trap/week comprised of 97.36% of the total during survey period whereas the other 3 species, Periplaneta japonica, P. americana, and P. fuliginosa constituted in lesser extent of 2.35%, 0.14%, respectively. Of a total of 7 different cockroach breeding habitats, higher population density per trap/week was from restaurants with averages of 20.56 and 8.31 cockroaches from Chinese and Koran restaurants, respectively. An intermediate extent of density was observed from apartments, tea rooms and resident houses with 5.33, 3.79 and 3.53 individuals, respectively. Lower relative densities of cockroaches were observed from hospitals and hotel-inns with averages of 0.18 and 1.00 individuals per trap/week, respectively.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.67-72
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• 2008

Al-doped p-type ZnO thin films were fabricated by RF magnetron sputtering on n-Si (100) and homo-buffer layers in pure oxygen ambient. ZnO ceramic mixed with 2 wt% $Al_2O_3$ was selected as a sputtering target. XRD spectra show that the Al-doped ZnO thin films have ZnO crystal structure. Hall Effect experiments with Van der Pauw configuration show that p-type carrier concentrations are arranged from $1.66{\times}10^{16}$ to $4.04{\times}10^{18}\;cm^{-2}$, mobilities from 0.194 to $198\;cm^2V{-1}s^{-1}$ and resistivities from 0.0963 to $18.4\;{\Omega}cm$. FESEM cross section images of different parts of a p-type ZnO:Al thin film annealed at $800^{\circ}C$ show a compact structure. Measurement for same sample shows that density is $5.40\;cm^{-3}$ which is smaller than theoretically calculated value of $5.67\;cm^{-3}$. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra at 10 K show a shoulder peak of p-type ZnO film at about 3.117 eV which is ascribed to electron transition from donor level to acceptor level (DAP).

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.678-688
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing nurses' performance of care in COVID-19 wards. Methods: The participants were 132 nurses who worked in COVID-19 wards at three hospitals, and were recruited from April 1 to May 31, 2021. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 24.0 program. Results: Nursing performance was significantly and positively correlated with ethical sensitivity (r = .75, p < .001), nursing professionalism (r = .67, p < .001), and social support (r = .67, p < .001). Nursing professionalism was positively correlated with ethical sensitivity (r = .64, p < .001) and social support (r = .55, p < .001). Multiple regression analysis for nursing performance revealed that the most significant factor was ethical sensitivity (β = .47, p < .001). Ethical sensitivity, nursing professionalism, and social support explained 66.0% of total variance in nursing performance. Conclusion: Ethical sensitiviy, nursing professionalism, and social support significantly influence nurses' performace of care in COVID-19 wards. It suggests that intervention programs should be directed at improving nurses' ethical sensitivity, bolstering social support, and enhancing nursing professionalism.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.67-75
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• 2023

Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) mediates the transfer of polymeric immunoglobulin to protect organisms and is one of the most important mucosal effectors. In this study, the developmental stage- and tissue-specific expression of pIgR were observed before virus inoculation in olive flounder. pIgR was gradually expressed until the formation of immune tissue, exhibiting high expression in the late juvenile period; thereafter, pIgR expression gradually decreased and exhibited high expression in the spleen and skin. Moreover, pIgR expression after viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus infection was high in the kidney and spleen tissues at high density and low at low density. The results of this study can provide a basis for future studies on breeding density, virus expression, and immune system studies in fish.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 1994

This study was carried out to test the effects of fluorescein diacetate(FDA 0${mu}ell$/ml, 0.5${mu}ell$/ml, 5${mu}ell$/ml, 10${mu}ell$/ml or 0${mu}ell$/ml, 5${mu}ell$/ml in PBS) treated before culture on the survival of vitrified mouse morulae in vitrification solution(20% glycerol＋glycerol＋10% ethylene glycol＋30% ficoll＋10% sucrose). The results were summarized as follows; 1. The survival rate of FDA-tested fresh mouse morulae after 24 hours culture was over 96%((P4.8) in the control or treatment groups with various levels of FDA. Because the rate of mouse morulae which developed to hatched blastocysts was higher with the various levels of FDA treatment(67%) than control(50%), it was considered that toxicity of FDA did not affect the survival of mouse morulae. 2. When mouse morulae were FDA-tested in FDA 0(control), 0.5, 5, and 10${mu}ell$/ml treatment after vitrification, the development rate to expanded blastocyst were 66, 82, 64 and 76%, and FDA scores were P4.2(84%), P4.7(94%), P4.2(84%) and P3.9(78%), respectively. There were no significant differences between control and FDA treatments, but there were significant difference between 0.5${mu}ell$/ml)94%) and 10${mu}ell$/ml(78%) treatment(P<0.01). 3. The survival rates of cultured mouse morulae according to FDA-scores(P0=non-fluorescence; P1~P5=according to their fluorescence) after vitrification were P5;92%, P4;67%, P3;42% and P2.P0;0%, respectively. 4. Implantation rates of morulae stage embryos cultured into early blastocysts and implanted into uterine hornes vitrification were 14 and 11% embryos treated control(0${mu}ell$/ml) and FDA 5${mu}ell$/ml and the normal fetus development was 2% embryos for both treatments. Results of this percent study indicated that toxicity of FDA does not affect not only the survival of fresh and vitrified mouse morulae but also the development rate and implantation of fetus after transfer as well. The development rates of mouse morulae with the FDA score of P5, P4 and P3 were 92, 67 and 42%, respectively, it was considered that FDA-test was fit for the judge of survival.