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http://dx.doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2013.27.6.666

Breeding Ecology according to Altitude and Temperature Variation in Titmouse  

Kim, Dong-Min (Dept. of Science Education, College of Education, Jeju National Univ.)
Oh, Hong-Shik (Dept. of Science Education, College of Education, Jeju National Univ.)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology / v.27, no.6, 2013 , pp. 666-675 More about this Journal
Abstract
This research was carried out from March 2009 to July 2012 to explicate the height change based breeding-ecological characteristics of Titmice that were breeding in the artificial nests installed in the Halla Mountain. The first egg-laying day was delayed as the height of the area under investigation increased, and it turned out that the decrease in temperature due to the elevated height had influence on that delay (p<0.05). Generalizing the annual results of the analyses, we see that there was no significant correlation occurring between the average temperatures and egg-laying days in the breeding season (April~June) (p>0.05). The rate of artificial nest use was not different among areas and among year, but between the species, Parus major and Parus varius. There were differences in clutch sizes among species (p>0.05), but no differences in heights and years (p<0.05). The hatching-, fledging-, and breeding-success rates were 67.3%, 99.5%, and 67.0% respectively in 2011, and 71.3%, 96.8%, 69.0% respectively in 2012, from which we can tell that the fledging-success rate was high but the hatching- and breeding-success rates were similar. Though we confirm that temperature changes due to height differences had influence on breeding periods, but we cannot identify a significant correlation with other breeding-ecological characteristics. Thus, in order to more precisely explicate the influence of temperature changes due to heights on Titmice's breeding, long-term research is needed in terms of the investigation of microclimatic factors and food resource.
Keywords
ARTIFICIAL NEST; EGG-LAYING; GREAT TIT; VARIED TIT; HALLA MOUNTAIN;
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