• 방사선산업학회지
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.223-229
• /
• 2012

In this study, we investigated the biological damage and stress responses induced by ion beam (proton beam) irradiation as a basis for the development of protective measures against space radiation. We examined the biological effects of proton beam produced by MC-50 cyclotron at KIRAMS on the cultured cells and mice. The proton beam energy used in this study was 34.9 MeV and the absorption dose rate for cells and mice were $0.509Gy\;sec^{-1}$ and $0.65Gy\;sec^{-1}$, respectively. The cell survival rates measured by plating efficiency showed the different sensitivity and dose-relationship between CHO cells and Balb/3T3 cells. HGPRT gene mutation frequency in Balb/3T3 was $15{\times}10^{-6}Gy^{-1}$, which was similar to the reported value of X-ray. When stress signaling proteins were examined in Balb/3T3 cells, $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ decreased markedly whereas p53, phospho-p53, and Rb increased after proton beam irradiation, which implied that the stress signaling pathways were activated by proton beam irradiation. In addition, cellular senescence was induced in IMR-90 cells. In the experiments with C57BL/6 mouse, the immune cells (white blood cells, lymphocytes) in the peripheral blood were greatly reduced following proton beam irradiation whereas red blood cells and platelets showed relatively little change. These results can be utilized as basic data for studying the biological effects of proton beam using MC-50 cyclotron with respect to proton therapy research as well as space radiation research.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.53-57
• /
• 2011

목 적: 윌슨병은 간조직에 구리의 과도한 침착으로 발병하는 상염색체 열성 유전질환이다. 지금까지 ATP7B 유전자가 유일한 원인유전자로 알려져 왔다. 그러나, 약 15%의 환자에서는 ATP7B 유전자 돌연변이가 발견되지 않는다. 본 연구는 ATP7B 유전자의 돌연변이가 발견되지 않은 윌슨병 환자를 대상으로 새로운 원인 유전자를 발견하기 위하여 시행되었다. 대상 및 방법: ATP7B 돌연변이가 발견되지 않은 12명의 윌슨병 환자를 대상으로 ATP7B 와 상호작용을 하는 것으로 알려진 ATOX1, COMMD1, GLRX, DCTN4와 ZBTB16 유전자의 전사부위와 엑손-인트론 경계부위의 염기서열을 분석하였다. 결 과: DCTN4 유전자의 12번 엑손에 존재하는 c.1084A>G(p.Thr362Ala)를 포함하는 3가지의 변이가 환자에서 발견되었다. in silico 분석을 통해 3가지 변이 중 c.1084A>G가 유일하게 단백질 기능 변화를 일으킬 것으로 예측되었다. 176명의 윌슨병 환자와 414명의 정상인을 대상으로 이 변이의 빈도를 조사한 결과, 정상인보다 윌슨병 환자에서 더 높은 빈도를 나타내었다(상대비, odds ratio [OR]=3.14, 95% 신뢰도=1.36-7.22, P=0.0094). 결 론: 본 연구의 결과는 ATP7B 와 상호작용하는 DCTN4 유전자의 c.1084A>G (p.Thr362Ala) 다형성이 윌슨병의 발병과 연관이 있음을 시사한다.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• 제37권8호
• /
• pp.620-627
• /
• 2014

We have previously shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) miR-760, miR-186, miR-337-3p, and miR-216b stimulate premature senescence through protein kinase CK2 (CK2) downregulation in human colon cancer cells. Here, we examined whether these four miRNAs are involved in the replicative senescence of human lung fibroblast IMR-90 cells. miR-760 and miR-186 were significantly upregulated in replicatively senescent IMR-90 cells, and their joint action with both miR-337-3p and miR-216b was necessary for efficient downregulation of the ${\alpha}$ subunit of CK2 ($CK2{\alpha}$) in IMR-90 cells. A mutation in any of the four miRNA-binding sequences within the $CK2{\alpha}3^{\prime}$-untranslated region (UTR) indicated that all four miRNAs should simultaneously bind to the target sites for $CK2{\alpha}$ downregulation. The four miRNAs increased senescence-associated ${\beta}$-galactosidase (SA-${\beta}$-gal) staining, p53 and $p21^{Cip1/WAF1}$ expression, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in proliferating IMR-90 cells. $CK2{\alpha}$ overexpression almost abolished this event. Taken together, the present results suggest that the upregulation of miR-760 and miR-186 is associated with replicative senescence in human lung fibroblast cells, and their cooperative action with miR-337-3p and miR-216b may induce replicative senescence through $CK2{\alpha}$ downregulation-dependent ROS generation.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.18-24
• /
• 2015

당원병 Ib형은 드문 유전 대사 질환 중 하나로 SLC37A4 유전자의 장애로 인해 발생한다. 특징적으로 간비대, 저혈당, 고젖산혈증, 고지혈증, 고뇨산증의 임상양상을 보인다. 총 3명(남자 1명, 여자 2명)이 포함되었고 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 평균 진단시 나이는 각각 8개월, 26개월, 10세이다. 2명의 환자가 영유아기에 간비대, 저혈당 등으로 발견되었고, 다른 환자는 사춘기에 성장 발육 부전으로 인한 저신장으로 진단되었다. 유전학적 검사에서 c.412T>C (p.Trp 138Arg) (3/6 alleles, 50.0%)가 가장 흔했고 다음으로 p.Leu348Valfs*53 (1 allele), p.Pro191Leu (1 allele), p.Ala148Val (1 allele)가 확인되었다. 요산 강하제, 생 옥수수 전분 복용을 시작하였으며, 모든 환자가 중성구 감소 소견이 관찰되어 G-CSF 투여하였다. 이들 모두 구내염, 장염, 뇌농양과 같은 반복적인 감염이 관찰되었다. 또한 2명은 심한 골다공증으로 칼슘 보충제가 필요하였다. 비교적 일찍 진단된 2명에 비해 10세에 진단된 경우 중증 감염 및 간과 신장의 합병증을 보이고 있었다. 통계학적으로 유의하지 않지만, 비교적 전자의 환자들이 비교적 예후가 좋았다. 본 연구를 통해 동시에 한국의 GSD Ib형 환자의 임상적, 생화학적, 분자유전학적인 특징과 후기 합병증에 대해 보고하는 바이다.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제51권
• /
• pp.17.1-17.10
• /
• 2021

Our previous study on the binding activity between Cel5H and clay minerals showed highest binding efficiency among other cellulase enzymes cloned. Here, based on previous studies, we hypothesized that the positive amino acids on the surface of Cel5H protein may play an important role in binding to clay surfaces. To examine this, protein sequences of Bacillus licheniformis Cel5H (BlCel5H) and Paenibacillus polymyxa Cel5A (PpCel5A) were analyzed and then selected amino acids were mutated. These mutated proteins were investigated for binding activity and force measurement via atomic force microscopy (AFM). A total of seven amino acids which are only present in BlCel5H but not in PpCel5A were selected for mutational studies and the positive residues which are present in both were omitted. Of the seven selected surface lysine residues, only three mutants K196A(M2), K54A(M3) and K157T(M4) showed 12%, 7% and 8% less clay mineral binding ability, respectively compared with wild-type. The probable reason why other mutants did not show altered binding efficiency might be due to relative location of amino acids on the protein surface. Meanwhile, measurement of adhesion forces on mica sheets showed a well-defined maximum at 69±19 pN for wild-type, 58±19 pN for M2, 53±19 pN for M3, and 49±19 pN for M4 proteins. Hence, our results demonstrated that relative location of surface amino acids of Cel5H protein especially positive charged amino acids are important in the process of clay mineral-protein binding interaction through electrostatic exchange of charges.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권7호
• /
• pp.2707-2712
• /
• 2015

Background: The human homologue of the mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) gene is a negative regulator of Tp53. MDM2-309T>G a functional promoter polymorphism was found to be associated with overexpression thereby attenuation of Tp53 stress response and increased cancer susceptibility. We have planned to evaluate the possible role of MDM2-309T>G polymorphism with risk and response to chemotherapy in AML. Materials and Methods: A total of 223 de novo AML cases and 304 age and sex matched healthy controls were genotyped for the MDM2-309T>G polymorphism through the tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR method. In order to assess the functional relationship of -309T>G SNP with MDM2 expression level, we quantified MDM2 mRNA in 30 primary AML blood samples through quantitative RT-PCR. Both the (-309T>G) genotypes and the MDM2 expression were correlated with disease free survival (DFS) rates among patients who have achieved complete remission (CR) after first induction chemotherapy. Results: MDM2-309T>G polymorphism was significantly associated with AML development (p<0.0001). The presence of either GG genotype or G allele at MDM2-309 confered 1.79 (95% CI: 1.12-2.86; p<0.001) and 1.46 fold (95%CI: 1.14-1.86; p= 0.003) increased AML risk. Survival analysis revealed that CR+ve cases with GG genotype had significantly increased DFS rates (16months, p=0.05) compared to CR+ve TT (11 months) and TG (9 months) genotype groups. Further, MDM2 expression was also found to be significantly elevated in GG genotype patients (p=0.0039) and among CR+ve cases (p=0.0036). Conclusions: The MDM2-309T>G polymorphism might be involved in AML development and also serve as a good prognostic indicator.

• 한국식물병리학회지
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.265-270
• /
• 1995

Transposon mutation of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv) was induced by using transposon omegon ($\Omega$)-Km (Tn $\Omega$Km), which was confirmed by resistance to kanamycin (KMr), and nonpathogenic mutants were selected through the inoculation test on pepper plants. The mutagenesis frequency was about 6$\times$10-8, and 53 out of 2,000 Kmr bacterial colonies tested were nonpathogenic to the pepper cultivar Cheung-Hong. Optimum conditions for the Tn $\Omega$Km mutagenesis of Xcv were Luria Bertani (LB) broth medium for culture of Xcv, yeast extract-dextrose-CaCO3 (YDC) agar medium for selection of Tn $\Omega$Km-mediated mutants, and over 1 to 2 in the ratio of the donor (Escherichia coli S17-1 with the plasmid pJFF350 $\Omega$Km) and the recipient (Xcv) in the culture for the mutagenesis. One of the 4 nonpathogenic mutants (WNP1, WNP3, WNP4 and WNP5), which had been reconfirmed through the inoculation on pepper cv. Dabokgun, showed no differences in the production of exoenzymes such as protease and polygalacturonase and extracellular polysaccharides in vitro and the bacterial growth rate from those of the wild type of Xcv.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.35-42
• /
• 2003

Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are potent mutagens generated during the cooking of meat and fish, and several of these compounds produce tumors in conventional experimental animals. During the past 5 years or so, HCAs have been tested in a number of novel in vivo murine models, including the following: lacZ, lacI, cII, c-myc/lacZ, rpsL, and $gpt{\Delta}$ transgenics, $XPA^{-/-}$, $XPC^{-/-}$, $Msh2^{+/-}$, $Msh2^{-/-}$ and $p53^{+/-}$ knock-outs, Apc mutant mice ($Apc^{{\Delta}716}$, $Apc^{1638N}$, $Apc^{min}$), and $A33^{{\Delta}N{\beta}-cat}$ knock-in mice. Several of these models have provided insights into the mutation spectra induced in vivo by HCAs in target and non-target organs for tumorigenesis, as well as demonstrating enhanced susceptibility to HCA-induced tumors and preneoplastic lesions. This review describes several of the more recent reports in which novel animal models were used to examine HCA-induced mutagenesis and carcinogenesis in vivo, including a number of studies which assessed the inhibitory activities of chemopreventive agents such as 1,2-dithiole-3-thione, conjugated linoleic acids, tea, curcumin, chlorophyllin-chitosan, and sulindac.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• 제51권2호
• /
• pp.217-222
• /
• 2021

Ewing sarcoma in the head and neck is rare, and metastasis from other bones to the mandible accounts for 0.7% of cases. This report presents a case of oral metastasis in a 24-year-old male patient diagnosed with Ewing sarcoma of the femur (p53 gene mutation and EWSR1-ERG fusion). The chief complaint was numbness in the mandible and pain for 1 month and a hardened, ulcerated exophytic lesion in the right retromolar region. Imaging exams revealed an unspecified thinning of the cortical bone of the inferior alveolar canal in the right mandibular ramus, associated with erosion of the alveolar bone. Histopathological analysis confirmed metastasis of Ewing sarcoma. The patient presented an aggressive disease progression and died 1 month after the oral diagnosis. It is important to recognize the signs and symptoms compatible with rare clinical outcomes, leading to an early diagnosis that can improve patients' quality of life and survival.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제35권8호
• /
• pp.870-879
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the obesity and state of dietary intake of 216 young Korean females, and the influence of $\beta$-II, III Adrenergic receptor (AR) gene polymorphism upon obesity and dietary intake. The average weight, height and BMI of the subjects were 160 cm, 54 kg, and 20.9 kg/$m^2$, respectively. The average triceps skinfold thickness, waist circumference, hip circumference and WHR were 21.7mm, 73.1cm, 93.3cm and 0.78, respectively. The results of body composition measurement using bioimpedance method, average body fluid, body protein, mineral mass and body fat were 29.271, 7.22 kg, 6.79 kg and 19.16 kg, respectively. A dietary survey was conducted using 24-hour recall method. Average calorie intake was 1621 ㎉, which is 81% of Korean RDA. We detected 182 (84.3%) Gln27 (QQ) homozygotes and 34 (15.7%) Gln27Glu (QE) heterozygotes for $\beta$-II AR polymorphism. For $\beta$-III AR polymorphism, we detected 163 (75.5%) Trp64 (WW) and 53 (24.5%) Trp 64Arg (WR). The results of comparing of obesity by $\beta$-II AR gene polymorphism, obesity index and BMI of QE type were slightly higher than those of the QQ type. For $\beta$-III AR gene polymorphism, the mean BMI, obesity index, fat mass and percent body fat (%) of the WR type were significantly higher than those of the WW type (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that genetic variability in the human $\beta$-III AR is associated with obesity among young Korean females. We also evaluated the effect of the simultaneous presence of the $\beta$-II AR and $\beta$-III AR polymorphism on obesity. We found that the BMI and obesity index of the mutant type in both $\beta$-II AR and $\beta$-III AR were significantly higher than those of the type that has only one gene mutation or has no mutation (p < 0.05), indicating a synergistic effect of $\beta$-II AR and $\beta$-III AR polymorphism on obesity. No association was found between $\beta$-II Ad or $\beta$-III AR polymorphism and dietary intake.