• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.458-466
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in body fat distribution between obese boys and girls in high school and the relationship between the precent of body fat and the Broca Index. The survey of data was conducted from November 3rd to the 11th in 1997. The data were analyzed by the use of a mean, standard deviation and a Pearson's correlation coefficient. Measurements of the percentage of body fat and lean body mass were made by a Bioelectrical Impedence while height, weigh and the Broca index were measured by a fatness measuring system. First, measurements of height, weight and the Broca index were made by a fatness measuring system on 1,125 1st year students and 1,076 2nd year students. The result of measurements, 216 obese boys and 100 obese girls appeared to have above 10% of the Broca index. The result of this study can be summarized as follows: 1) Obese boys and girls were grouped by the level of the Broca index as follows: boys, 110-less than 120 60.0%, 120-less than 130 20.8%, 130-less than 140 11.1%, above 140 7.4%. ; girls, 110-less than 120 44.4%, 120-less than 130 32.0%, 130-less than 140 13.0%, above 140 11.0%. 2) Obese boys and girls were grouped by level of the percentage of body fat by Bioelectrical Impedence as follows: boys, less than 20% 5%, 20%-less than 25% 34.7%, above 25% 33.8% ; girls. less than 25% 15.0%, 25%-less than 30% 43.0%, above 30% 42.0%. 3) In obese boys the Broca index score appeared to be positively related to body weight(r = .741, p<.001), the percent of body fat(r=.604, p<.001), lean body mass(r=.375, p<.001), body fluid(r=.445, p<.001l). On the other hand the percent of body fat was not a significant correlation of lean body mass (r= -.074), body fluid(r= -.073). 4) In obese girls, the Broca index score appeared to be positively related to body weight(r= .693, p<.001), the percent of body fat(r=.645, p<.001), lean body mass(r=.531, p<.001), body fluid(r=.532, p<.01), and the percent of body weight score appeared to be positively related to lean body mass(r=.206, p<.01), body fluid(r=.207, p<.01).

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.301-306
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• 1997

The present study was carried out to investigate effect of FSH -P dose and energy level on normal embryo production after superovulation in Hanwoo. The results obtained were as follows ; 1. There was a significant effect of dose of FSH-P on normal embryo production in Hanwoo(P$\pm$5.9), 40(4.9i5.7), 50mg(2.2$\pm$2.6). 2. The plasma P$_4$ levels on the first treatment day were higher group( >4ng /ml) than lower group( <=4ng /ml), produced significicantly(P<0.05) higher number of normal embryos. 3. There was a significant effect of energy level on normal embryo production in Hanwoo(P$\pm$6.0), number of normal embryos were higher than TDN 70%(5.1$\pm$6.5) and TDN 130%(4.4$\pm$2.6) 4. The donor returned to normal estrus after superovulation were 44.8, 28.4 and 29.9 days by TDN 70, 100 and 130%, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 1994.11a
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• pp.129-130
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• 1994

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.873-880
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• 2018

Objective: The objective of this experiment was to compare the effects of adding 130 mg/kg Cu from either copper sulfate (CS) or tribasic copper chloride (TBCC) on growth performance, mineral deposition in tissues, and the excretion in feces of pigs as well as changes in the mineral contents in tissues and feces when the supplemental Cu level was decreased from 130 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg. Methods: A total of 72 pigs ($32.6{\pm}1.2kg$) were randomly assigned to a CS diet or a TBCC diet with 6 pens per treatment. The trial lasted 102 d and included 3 phases (phase 1, 1 to 30 d; phase 2, 31 to 81 d; and phase 3, 82 to 102 d). The supplemental levels of Cu in the 2 treatments were 130 mg/kg in phase 1 and 2 and 10 mg/kg in phase 3. Results: The results showed that pigs fed the CS diet tended to have higher average daily gain than pigs fed the TBCC diet during d 1 to 81 (p<0.10). Compared with CS, TBCC increased the activities of aspartate transaminase (AST), ceruloplasmin, and superoxide dismutase in serum on d 30 (p<0.05). The TBCC decreased the Cu level in the liver on d 81 (p<0.05) and increased the Mn level in the liver on d 102 (p<0.05). The concentration of Cu in feces sharply decreased when the supplemental Cu level in diet changed from 130 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg in both diets (p<0.05). Conclusion: The result suggested that TBCC and CS had no significant difference on growth performance but TBCC had higher activities of AST and antioxidant enzymes and lower liver Cu than CS when pigs fed diets with 130 mg Cu /kg diet.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.409-414
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• 2005

The effects of slaughter weight on blood profile and pork qualities of japan berkshires were investigated A total 72 pigs were divided into 3 groups$(125\~130,\;105\~110\;or\;95\~104\;kg)$. At each slaughter weight pigs were conventionally slaughtered and then chilled overnight The carcass characteristics (carcass weight backfat thickness and grades) were determined on those carcass, the muscle longissimus dorsi was removed from each left side at 5th to 13th rib and meat qualities were evaluated. Blood profile including cortisol, creatine phos-phokinase (CPK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose and phosphorus was not significantly (p>0.05) different among all slaughter weight, However, the calcium contents of pigs at $95\~104\;kg$ were significantly (p<0.05) higher than the other weights. The carcass weight and backfat thickness of pigs slaughtered at $125\~130\;kg$ were higher than those of $105\~110\;or\;95\~104\;kg$. The carcass grade of pigs slaughtered at $125\~130\;kg$ were significantly (p<0.05) lower than the other weight. The moisture contents of pigs slaughtered at $125\~130\;kg$ were significantly lower than the other weights, but crude protein contents were significantly (p<0.05) higher, Cooking loss and shear lone values of pigs slaughtered at $95\~104\;kg$ were significantly (p<0.05) lower than the other weight. CIE $a^*\;and\;b^*$ values of pigs slaughtered at $105\~110\;kg$ were significantly higher than the other weights. These results imply that the carcass characteristics (carcass weight and backfat thickness) could be affected by slaughter weight the cooking loss and shear force values of pigs slaughtered at $125\~130\;kg$ resulted in higher than those of $105\~110kg\;or\;95\~104\;kg$.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.447-456
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• 2008

Background: Caspase-3 is a cysteine protease that plays a major role in the process of apoptotic cell death. The dysregulated expression of c-myc contributes to the tumorigenesis in a variety of human cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the expressions of caspase-3 and c-myc and their significances as prognosis markers in patients with completely resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Material and Method: A total 130 consecutive patients who had undergone complete resection without pre-operative radio-therapy or chemotherapy between May 1996 and December 2003 for NSCLC were retrospectively reviewed. The median follow-up period of the patients was 50 months (range: $3{\sim}128$ months). The expressions of caspase-3 and c-myc were immuno-histochemically examined, and these were correlated with the clinico-pathologic data. Result: The prevalence of caspase-3 and c-myc expressions in the patients was 68% (88/130) and 59% (77/130), respectively. Significant association was found between the frequency of the expressions of caspase-3 and c-myc (p=0.025). The caspase-3 and c-myc expressions were not significantly associated with the prognosis in all the patients. However, according to stages, a positive caspase-3 expression was significantly correlated with a favorable prognosis for patients with stage IIIa disease (median survival period: 35 months vs. 10 months, p=0.021). Multivariate analysis showed the pathologic stage to be significantly correlated with a good prognosis in all the patients (p=0.024), and with a positive caspase-3 expression, well differentiated tumor and negative neuronal invasion in the patients with stage llla disease (p=0.005, p=0.003, p=0.004, respectively). Conclusion: Caspase-3 and c-myc were frequently expressed in NSCLC, suggesting its possible involvement in tumor development. The caspase-3 expression, as determined with performing immunohistochemical staining, may be a favorable prognostic indicator in patients with completely resected NSCLC an advanced stage (IIIa).

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.304-310
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• 2007

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of the co-treatment of municipal wastewater with microwave-irradiated excess sludge on the treatment efficiency and excess sludge production of the activated sludge process. When 250 mL of excess sludge with a MLSS concentration of approximately 2,000 mg/L was microwave-irradiated at $20^{\circ}C$ for $40\sim300$ sec by a microwave oven (2,450 MHz, 700 W), the temperature of the sludge increased at a rate of approximately $20^{\circ}C/min$ and the SCOD, TKN and T-P concentrations of the sludge showed the highest increase in the irradiation time of $40\sim130$ sec. And, the oxygen uptake rate measurement of the sludge microorganism suggested most of the microorganisms in the sludge were destroyed at an irradiation time above 130 sec(above $65^{\circ}C$). When the municipal wastewater and microwave-irradiated excess sludge was co-treated by the activated sludge process, almost no effect was observed in the pH and alkalinity of both the influent and effluent, but the influent concentrations of SS, COD, T-N and T-P increased. Even though the effluent SS, BOD and T-P concentrations showed almost no effect, the COD and TKN concentrations increased. The microbial yield coefficient decreased at a rate of 0.91 g SS/g COD removed as the irradiation ratio increased at a rate of 1 g SS/g SS-day.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.123-130
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• 1999

We characterize the compactness, weak precompactness and weak compactness in $L^P({\mu},X)$ and in more general space $P^c({\mu},X)$. Moreover, we present this characterization in terms of extremal structure in X.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.77-85
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• 2008

This work proposes a 12b 130MS/s 108mW $1.8mm^2$ 0.18um CMOS ADC for high-quality video systems such as TFT-LCD displays and digital TVs requiring simultaneously high resolution, low power, and small size at high speed. The proposed ADC optimizes power consumption and chip area at the target resolution and sampling rate based on a three-step pipeline architecture. The input SHA with gate-bootstrapped sampling switches and a properly controlled trans-conductance ratio of two amplifier stages achieves a high gain and phase margin for 12b input accuracy at the Nyquist frequency. A signal-insensitive 3D-fully symmetric layout reduces a capacitor and device mismatch of two MDACs. The proposed supply- and temperature- insensitive current and voltage references are implemented on chip with a small number of transistors. The prototype ADC in a 0.18um 1P6M CMOS technology demonstrates a measured DNL and INL within 0.69LSB and 2.12LSB, respectively. The ADC shows a maximum SNDR of 53dB and 51dB and a maximum SFDR of 68dB and 66dB at 120MS/s and 130MS/s, respectively. The ADC with an active die area of $1.8mm^2$ consumes 108mW at 130MS/s and 1.8V.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1987.11a
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• pp.504-507
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• 1987

Interpenerating Polymer Networks (IPNs) are unique type of polymer blend, synthesized by swelling a crossed polymer (Epoxy) with second polymer (Silicon) and also we adopted Urethane as the second polymer. The relationship between dielectric and mechanical properties of high temperature curing IPNs(E/S, E/U) are investigated. The ratios of weight that we formed we re two kind of thing, one (E/S) about 1[wt%]. 3[wt%], 5[wt%], 7[wt%], 10[wt%], and the other (E/U) about 5[wt%], 15[wt%], 25[wt%]. It was heat-cured for 24hours at $100^{\circ}C$ 48 hours at $10^{\circ}C$, 5 hours at $130^{\circ}C$, 15hours at $130^{\circ}C$ in E/S and also for 5 hours at $130^{\circ}C$ in E/U. From the viewpoint of dielectric and mechanical properties, the optimum condition is obtained from the sample cured for 5hours at $130^{\circ}C$ for 1[wt%] in the E/S, and also obtained from the sample cure d for 5 hours at $130^{\circ}C$ in E/U.