• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.21-31
• /
• 2017

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify whether backward walking exercise was more effective than conventional physical therapy for balance and gait in hemiplegic stroke patients. METHODS: Eighteen patients with chronic stroke were randomly assigned to the experimental (n=9) or control (n=9) group. The experimental and control group performed backward walking exercise and conventional physical therapy, respectively, for 8 weeks. Stability Index (SI) and Weight Distribution Index (WDI) during standing were assessed using the Tetrax Balance System. The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and Korean version of the Berg Balance Scale (K-BBS) were used to evaluate balance and fall risk. Walking speed, stride length, and step length on the affected side were measured using the 10-Meter Walk and ink foot printing tests. Wilcoxon signed-rank and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for within- and between- group comparisons, respectively. RESULTS: The experimental group showed significantly higher changes in SI (p<.01), WDI (p<.01), TUG (p<.001), and BBS score (p<.001) following intervention compared with the control group. The experimental group also showed significantly greater improvements in walking speed (p<.01), stride length (p<.001), and step length on the affected side (p<.001) after intervention compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: Backward walking exercise is an effective intervention to improve balance and gait in hemiplegic stroke patients.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.133-144
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study was to determine whether respiratory physical therapy might increase the pulmonary function of the patients with stroke or not. Twenty patients with stroke were randomly assigned to experimental and control group. During four weeks, both groups participated in the conventional physical therapy and only the experimental group added in a program of respiratory physical therapy. Respiratory physical therapy consisted of chest mobilization, resistive ventilatory muscle training used the method of PNF technique and relaxed diaphragm breathing. Baseline and post-test measurements were made of vital capacity. inspiratory capacity, expiratory reserve volume, farced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume at one second, $FE1/FVC(\%)$ and maximal voluntary ventilation. Ater four weeks, the experimental group showed the significant improvement in VC(p<.05). FVC(p<.05), FFV1(p<.05) md MVV(p<.05). However, the controll group showed no significant differnece. As compared th the relationship of dependent variables between the experimental group and control group. experimental group showed the significant difference in VC(p<.01), FEV1(p<.05) and MVV(p<.05). These findings suggest that respiratory physical therapy can be used to improve pulmonary function in stroke patients. Also, respiratory physical therapy should be performed for at least four weeks and be followed by the continuous respiratory exercise programs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2021

PURPOSE: This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing the improvement of global synkinesis (GS) and gait in stroke patients by the weight shift exercise. METHODS: Twenty stroke patients were randomly assigned to experimental group I (n = 10) and experimental group II (n = 10). In experimental group I, weight shift with upper extremity exercises in a standing position were mediated and in experimental group II, upper extremity exercises in a standing position were mediated. These interventions were conducted in both groups for three sessions per week, 30 minutes per session over four weeks. Before the interventions, leg GS was measured using surface electromyography and the 10m walk test (10MWT). The same parameters were measured four weeks later. RESULTS: The GS and 10MWT of the experimental group I showed that there was a statistically significant difference between dorsiflexion (p < .05) and plantarflexion (p < .01) and 10MWT (p < .01). In experimental group II, there was a statistically significant difference only in 10MWT (p < .01). The comparison between the changes in both groups showed that in the case of GS, there was a statistically significant difference in the dorsiflexion (p < .01) and plantarflexion (p < .05), and in the 10MWT too (p < .05). CONCLUSION: GS of the lower extremities was decreased by improving posture control and enlarging soft tissues due to the symmetrical weight shift in experimental group I, which turned out to be effective in improving the gait speed.

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.33-37
• /
• 2021

[Purpose] Sex hormones deficiency leads to dramatically bone loss in particular postmenopausal women. Royal jelly has anti-osteoporosis effect due to maintain bone volume in that condition. We hypothesized that royal jelly protein (RJP, a latent residue after extracting royal jelly) also prevents bone deficient in ovariectomized (OVX) female rats, the animal model of postmenopausal women. [Methods] Female Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 30, 6 weeks age old) were sham operated (Sham; sham operated group, n = 7), OVX control group (OC, n = 7), OVX with low RJP intake group (ORL, n = 8), and OVX with high RJP intake group (ORH, n = 8) during 8 weeks experimental periods. In the end point of this experiment, the bone samples (lumbar spine, tibia, and femur) were surgically removed under anesthesia. These bone samples were evaluated bone mineral density (BMD) and bone strength. [Results] BMD of lumbar spine in RJP intake groups (ORL, ORH) were higher than that in OC group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01) in RJP intake volume dependent manner. BMD of tibial proximal metaphysis and diaphysis in RJP intake groups were also higher than these in OC group (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01 / p < 0.05 and p < 0.001). In addition, breaking force of femur in RJP intake groups were significantly increase compared with that in OC group (p < 0.001 respectively). [Conclusion] These findings indicate that RJP contribute to prevent sex hormone related bone abnormality.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.433-439
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect on mandibular growth of botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) injection into the unilateral massester muscle of growing rats at three different growing stages. Thirty six male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups according to the age (group 1: 4 week-old, group 2: 5week-old, group 3: 6week-old). Then each group was randomly divided into 3 subgroups (control group, unilateral injection group, bilateral injection group). Experimental animals were sacrificed after 4 weeks. Then the jaw measurements were evaluated. The results were as follows: 1. In the group 1, mandibular body length, condylar height and coronoid process height of the unilateral group(BTXA side) and the bilateral group were shorter than those of the control group (p<0.05). 2. In the group 2, anterior region height, condylar height, coronoid process height of the unilateral group(BTXA side) and the bilateral group were shorter than those of the control group (p<0.05). 3. In the group 3, mandibular body length, condylar height, coronoid process height of the unilateral group(BTXA side) and the bilateral group were shorter than those of the control group (p<0.05). 4. There was no significant difference in mandibular measurements between the control side and the injection side in the unilateral group in all age groups (p>0.05).

• Nutritional Sciences
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.71-76
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between nutritional status of iron and bone minernl density in premenopausal women. In the study, we classified the subjects into osteopenia (-2.5-I, n=29) groups according to their lumbar spine bone mineral density. Anthropometric measurements, dietary intake analysis and blood biochemistry measurements were performed on the subjects. The average ages of those in the osteopenia and normal groups were 22.2 yrs and 23.0 yrs, respectively, with no significant difference. The average body mass index (p<0.05) of those in the osteopenia group (19.6) was significantly lower than that of the normal group (21.3). The mean protein intake of those in the osteopenia group was significantly lower than that (p<0.05) the subjects in the normal group. The osteopenia group consumed a significantly lower amount of iron (p<0.05) and non-heme iron (p<0.05) compared to the normal group. The intakes of total food, vegetables and milk of those in the osteopenia group were significantly lower than those of the subjects in the normal group. The serum ferritin (p<0.001) level of those in the osteopenia group was significantly lower than those of the subjects in the normal group. In conclusion, a balance of iron status may be helpful in the prevention of bone mass loss in premenopausal young women.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.90-98
• /
• 1999

This study find out the effect of red Ginseng extract(1.0g/kg) against TBTO(10, 20 and 40mg/kg) poisoning on each organs, hematological, serum biochemistry in rat for 3 weeks. 1. Each organ weight per body weight ration in treated group, all rats liver were significantly increased. (P<0.05,P<0.01)2. Iin TBTO treated group, the hematological parameters such as WBC, RBC, Hgb, Hct, PLt, MCV, MCH and MCHC in serum were remarkably decreased in comparison to that of control group. Only added red Ginseng extract group were slightly decreased but not significanted. 3. In TBTO treated group, the biochemical parameters such as AST, ALT in serum were remarkable elevated in comparison to that control group (P>0.05).4. In TBTO treated group, the activity of Triglyceride in serum of male rat were significantly increased in comparison to that of control group (P<0.05, P<0.01).5. In case of B.U.N activity in treated group(10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) were almost increased in comparison to that of control group, but not added red Ginseng extract.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.25-33
• /
• 2012

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate, The Effects of Massage and Taping on Muscle Strength and Flexibility and Pain with Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness(DOMS). DOMS is a common problem that can interfered with rehabilitation as well as activities of daily living. Methods : Thirty subjects untrained were randomly assigned into Massage group, Taping group, Massage and Taping group. Treatment were applied at 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after induction DOMS. The effects of Massage and Taping and Muscle strength and flexibility on DOMS were evaluated by a goniometer and dynamometer and taping and VAS sheet. Results : The results of this study were as follow : 1) There was a significant difference among Taping group, Massage group, Taping and massage group in the case of using graduator. The interaction of group shown a significance (p<.05). 2) In the case of using goniometer, all three groups had the significant difference in period (p<.05) and the interaction of group-period shown a significance(p<.05). 3) In the case of using VAS, all three group had the significant differences in period(p<.05) and the interaction of group-period shown a significance(p<.05). Conclusions : These findings suggested that Taping and Massage had effect on DOMS.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.902-907
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to parallel circuit training and circuit training with sonic systemic mechanism was to compare the differences in pulmonary function and chest expansion in adult men. This study was performed on 20 subjects. 20 subjects were divided into two groups; Circuit training group(n=10), Circuit training with sonic systemic mechanism(n=10). Both of the group performed the exercise 3 times a week for 5 weeks. The data was analyzed by the Repeated t-test for comparing before, during and after changes of factors in each group and the Independent t-test for comparing the between groups. The result are as follows. Circuit training group was statistically significant difference FVC, FEV1/FVC(p<.05), Circuit training with sonic systemic mechanism group was statistically significant difference PEF, VC in pulmonary function(p<.05). Circuit training group was statistically significant difference FEV1/FVC of between the two group in pulmonary function(p<.05). Circuit training group and circuit training with sonic systemic mechanism group was statistically significant difference in chest expansion(p<0.05) and there was no statistically significant difference of between the two group in chest expansion(p>.05).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.969-975
• /
• 2013

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of age on the occurrence, severity, and timing of acute side effects related to radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: We analysed the data of 423 patients. Results: Of the patients, 295 (70%) were under the age of 65 (group 1) and 128 (30%) were over the age of 65 (group 2). The frequencies of radiotherapy-induced side effects were 89% in group 1 and 87% in group 2 (p=0.286). The mean times to occurrence were $2.5{\pm}0.1$ weeks in group 1 and $2.2{\pm}0.1$ weeks in group 2 (p=0.013). Treatment was ended in 2% of patients in group 1 and 6% of those in group 2 (p=0.062). Treatment interruption was identified in 18% of patients in group 1 and 23% in group 2 (p=0.142). Changes in performance status were greater in older patients (p=0.013). There were no significant differences according to the frequency or severity of side effects, except skin and genitourinary complications, between the groups. Conclusions: Early normal tissue reactions were not higher in older versus younger patients, though there was a tendency towards an earlier appearance.