• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.617-625
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• 2013

"Sale and purchase brokers" are independent contractors who act as agents for principals intending to seller or buy ships in English Maritime Law. The essential feature is that legal position of shipbroker is largely one of agency. They can be obtained by a study of the Lloyd's Register or the equivalent registers of other Classification Societies, the American Bureau of Shipping and Korean Registers. Such a broker is of valuable assistance to the prospective seller or purchaser. And the broker's liability normally arises in the context of a contract. But, expressed in general terms, those contractual obligations are, in absence of contrary agreement, to act with reasonable care and skilled to obtain the cover requested by his client not to guarantee that such will be concluded and to ensure that the scope of the policy, its essential terms and relevant exclusions are made known to the insured. Acting in this professional capacity, the broker's liability are such that the facts upon which an action for breach of contract may be based may also found an action for the trot of negligence provided that there is shown to be the necessary 'assumption of responsibility' by the broker conveyed directly or indirectly to the insured. This thesis deals with liability of S&P Brokers, the legal problems of ship broking, commission, conflicts of interest and secret commissions in English Maritime Law and the Cases.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.11-16
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• 1998

Simulated waste liquid containing 50 ppm cobalt ion was t$\xi$sted by precipitate flotation using a sodium lauryl sulfate as a c collector. The effects of initial cobalt ion concentration, pH, surfactant concentration, flotation time, gas flow rate and foreign i ions on removal efficiency of cobalt ion were studied. Pretreatment of the waste liquid with 35% $H_2O_2$, prior to precipitate f flotation made shin of optimal flotation pH from the strong alkalinity to weak alkaline range and made a favorable flotation of c cobalt ion in wide range of pH. For the result of this experiment, 99.8% removal efficiency was obtained on the conditions of initial coball ion concentration 50 ppm, pH 9.5 gas flow rate 70 mllmin, flotation time 30 min. The simulate ion was fanned t to be the most harmful ion against removal of cobalt by precipitate flotation of the species which were tested The presence of 0.1 M of $SO_4^{2-}$ ion decreased remo,때 $\xi$폐iciency of cobalt to 90% while the cobalt were almost entirely removed in the a absence of sulfate ion.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.15-20
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• 2023

Until now, Pollard's Rho algorithm has been known as the most efficient way for discrete algebraic problems to decrypt symmetric keys. However, the algorithm is being studied on how to further reduce the complexity of O(${\sqrt{p}}$) performance, along with the disadvantage of having to store the giant stride m=⌈${\sqrt{p}}$⌉ data. This paper proposes an array method for cycle detection in discrete logarithms. The proposed method reduces the number of updates of stack memory by at least 73%. This is done by only updating the array when (x_i<0.5x_i-1)∩(x_i<0.5(p-1)). The proposed array method undergoes the same number of modular calculation as stack method, but significantly reduces the number of updates and the execution time for array through the use of a binary search method.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.201-208
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• 2008

Statement of problem: A new implant impression technique which use abutments as impression coping, and use resin cement as a splinting material was described. Accuracy of this technique was compared with conventional closed tray and resin splinted open tray technique for a $15^{\circ}$ angled 3-implant model Material and methods: A dental stone master model with 3 linearly positioned implant analogue and a reference framework which was passively fitted to it were fabricated. The center analogue was perpendicular to the plane of model and the outer analogues had a $15^{\circ}$angulation forward or backward. 10 closed tray impressions, 10 resin splinted open tray impressions, 10 abutment-resin framework cementation impressions and 10 abutment-metal framework cementation impressions were made with additional silicone material and poured with dental stone. A light microscope with image processing was used to record the vertical gap dimension between reference framework and analogue of duplicated cast made with each 4 impression techniques. Statistical analysis used one-way ANOVA with post-hoc tests Tukey test of .05 level of significance Results: Significant difference in the vertical gap dimension was found between closed tray technique; 74.3 (${\pm}33.4$)${\mu}m$ and resin splinted open tray technique, and two other new technique. (P<.05) Abutment-metal framework cementation technique;42.5 (${\pm}11.9$)${\mu}m$ was significantly different from resin splinted open tray technique. (P<.05) Abutmentresin framework cementation technique;51.0 (${\pm}14.1$)${\mu}m$ did not differ significantly from resin splinted open tray technique;50.3 (${\pm}16.9$)${\mu}m$. (P>.05) Conclusion: Within limitations of this study, the accuracy of implant level impressions of resin splinted open tray technique was superior to that of closed tray technique. A new technique using abutment and metal framework cementation was more accurate than resin splinted open tray technique.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.928-934
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• 1996

Quantitative analysis each portland cement components was conducted by standard calibration method using X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. Standard sample and the unknown sample were prepared by fused cast bead method. In checking the errors of standard cement 227A372 the relative errors of constituents such as CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO and SrO were less than 1% and the relative errors of constituents such as So3, K2O, TiO2, Na2O P2O5, and Mn2O3 were less than 5% Sample preparation was mainly contributed to the errors. Compared with general wet chemical method the results of X-ray fluorescence analyses were more precise and accurate. Moreover it is possible to analyze precisely a little amount of the constituents such as SrO, Mn2O3 and P2O5 the analyses of which were very difficult using the wet chemical method.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.77-81
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• 1998

By standardized method, Bacillus subtilis BGA, Bacillus cereus var. mycoides ATCC 11778, and Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341 were seeded on the muller hinton agar (Difco) plate, and pH was adjusted to 6.0, 7.2, and 8.0. Five agar plates, B. subtilis (pH 6.0), B. cereus (pH 6.0), B. subtilis (pH 7.2), B. subtilis (pH 8.0), and M. luteus (pH 8.0), were employed as test plates of modified EEC 4-plate method. Oxytetracycline (OTC) with a diet was orally administered to flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, at 100 mg/kg once a day. After oral administration, modified EEC 4-plate method by the three screening test using muscle-direct, extraction-disk and direct-disk methods was conducted for 3 fish at 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 days. Muscle-direct treatment of B. subtilis (pH 6.0) was found to be dubious positive (${\pm}$) at the 1st day after the administration; thereafter, it was found to be negative to the last day of the experiment. Extraction-disk and direct-disk treatment of B. subtilis (pH 6.0) were found to be negative from the 1st day to the last day after the administration. B. subtilis (pH 7.2), B. subtilis (pH 8.0), and M. luteus (pH 8.0) by the three screening tests, were found to be negative all the way after the administration. On the other hand, B. cereus (pH 6.0) by the three screening tests was clearly found to be positive for the first 15 days after the administration, and then muscle-direct and direct-disk treatment of B. cereus (pH 6.0) were found to be dubious positive at 20th days after the administration. However extraction-disk treatment of B. cereus (pH 6.0) was clearly found to be negative at the same stage; thereafter, the three screening tests of B. cereus (pH 6.0) were found negative to the last of the experiment. These findings showed that to have equal sensitivity to those determination for the residual detection of OTC, and also confirmed that B. cereus was effective test organism for the monitoring of OTC.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.417-426
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• 1999

A series of numerical experiments is performed to compare the characteristics of outflow hydrograph using linear and nonlinear Muskingum-Cunge methods for two cases: (a) sinusoidal inflow hydrographs and (b) rainfall inputs. The nonlinear method shows the steepening of the rising limb, coupled with a corresponding flattening of the receding limb. The linear method conserves mass exactly. In contrast, the nonlinear method is subject to a gain and a loss of mass. The loss of mass and the subsidence of peak outflow increases with a mild slope, a small baseflow $q_b$ and a large peak inflow to baseflow ratio $q_p/q_b$. A shock wave and associated numerical instability results in the increase of mass for a steep slope and a large $q_p/q_b$ ratio. While the linear method depends on the reference flow per unit-width, the nonlinear method depends on a baseflow and the $q_p/q_b$ ratio. It is found that, unlike for the sinusoidal inflow, the outflow for the rainfall inputs conserves mass fairly exactly in the nonlinear method.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.105-115
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• 1994

저자는 방사선 동위원소가 부착된 lidocaine을 이온영동법과 국소도포법을 이용하여 16 마리의 가토의 구강점막에 침투시켜 그 침투량을 측정한 후 상호 비교하였으며, ephinephrine의 첨가가 lidocaine 침투에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사한 바, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 이온영동법은 국소도포에 비하여 Lidocaine의 구강점막으로의 투여에 매우 효과적이었다. (p<0.05) 2. Ephinephrine 1/50,000 용액의 첨가는 국소도포법에 의한 lidocaine 침투량에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 3. Ephinephrine 1/50,000 용액을 첨가하여 이온영동법을 실시하였을 때, 모든 층에서 lidocaine의 침투량이 증가하였다.(p<0.05)

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.303-315
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• 1998

In a factorial experiment, certain combinations of factor levels clay not be ruled out for operational or economical reason. A fractional factorial design that contains such infeasible combinations, called debarred combinations, becomes too unbalanced to estimate the required effects. This thesis presents a method of selecting defining contrasts for constructing regular $3^{n-p}$ fractional factorial design which does not contain a debarred combination. Consequently, the construction of the design is accomplished by choosing the defining contrasts so that one of defining contrasts is compatible with a debarred combination.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.348-350
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• 2020

다양한 신재생에너지의 확대와 에너지 프로슈머의 등장으로 소비자가 직접 신생에너지 발전 설비를 설치하고, 생산한 전력을 소비, 저장, 판매까지 할 수 있도록 전력거래 시장이 빠르게 변화되고 있다. 특히 미국, 독일, 호주, 중국 등에서 전력거래에 대한 다양한 시도들이 진행 중이며, 국내에서도 에너지 신산업의 일환으로 다양한 시범 사업들이 추진되어왔다. 하지만 해외와 달리 국내에서는 그동안 추진되어왔던 대부분의 전력거래 시범 사업들이 제기능을 다하고 있지 못한 실정이다. 시장 성숙도나 시장의 저변 확대 미흡 등 많은 이유가 있겠지만, 전력거래에 대한 적극적인 활성화 지원 의지 부족과 관련 법·제도 등의 부가적인 문제들도 많은 것이 사실이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 지금까지 많은 전력거래 시범 사업들이 추진되어 왔음에도 불구하고 외국에 비해 전력거래 시장이 활성화되지 못한 이유를 법·제도 측면에서 고찰해보고, 전력거래를 활성화 시키기 위한 법·제도 측면에서의 개선 방향과 규제완화에 대해 논의해 보고자 한다.