• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.262-267
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• 2005

Reactive oxygen species can be generated in the skin by hair dyeing. The aim of this study was to find out the effects of the oxidative-type hair dye application in young women on the antioxidant systems. We investigated the lipid peroxide levels, glutathione (GSH) levels, and the antioxidant enzyme activities including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) in plasma and erythrocytes and catalase (CAT) in erythrocytes, and DNA damages in lymphocytes. Also, plasma concentrations of antioxidant vitamins, vitamin A and E, were measured and the correlations between various antioxidant parameters and oxidative damages were evaluated The antioxidant enzyme activities in plasma (GSHPx) and in erythrocytes (SOD and CAT) were decreased significantly after hair dyeing. 1be lipid peroxide and GSH levels were not affected in both plasma and erythrocytes. No significant difference was found in the concentrations of both vitamin A and E between before and after hair dyeing. However, DNA damages expressed as the tail extent moment (TEM) and tail length (TL) were significantly (p<0.001) increased. The plasma vitamin E concentration was correlated with DNA damages (TEM: r=-0.590, p<0.01 and TL: r=-0.533. p<0.01) and RBC SOD activity (r=0.570, p<0.05). In turn, RBC SOD activity was significantly correlated with both plasma MDA levels (r=-0.412, p<0.05) and DNA damages (TM: r=-0.546, p<0.01, TL: r=-0.493, p<0.01). Our results demonstrated that the exposure to hair dyeing produced lymphocyte DNA damage and modification of the antioxidant enzyme activities. Also, there were very strong associations between plasma vitamin E concentration, RBC SOD activity and DNA damage induced by hair dyeing. It suggests that the antioxidant status of a subject is likely to be related to the extent of the harmful effects caused by hair dyeing.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the preventive effects of ethanol extract of Polygalae radix (EEPR) against oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide, $H_2O_2$)-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in Chang liver cells. Methods: Chang liver cells were pretreated with various concentrations of EEPR and then challenged with 0.5 mM $H_2O_2$. The cell viability and apoptosis were assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potentials (MMPs) and adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) contents were measured. Expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax were also determined using Western blot analysis. Results: The results showed that the decreased survival rate induced by $H_2O_2$ could be attributed to the induction of DNA damage and apoptosis accompanied by the increased production of ROS, which was remarkably protected by EEPR. In addition, the loss of $H_2O_2$-induced MMPs and ATP contents was significantly attenuated in the presence of EEPR. The inhibitory effect of EEPR on $H_2O_2$-induced apoptosis was associated with up-regulation of Bcl-2 and down-regulation of Bax, thus reducing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Conclusions: Our data prove that EEPR protects Chang liver cells against $H_2O_2$-induced DNA damage and apoptosis by scavenging ROS and thus suppressing the mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis pathway.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2003

Ganoderma lucidum is commonly known as medically potent mushroom, which has been widely used in China and other oriental countries for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer. In this report, we investigated the anti-oxidant and protective effect of Ganodema lucidum extract (GLE) against the DNA damage induced by free radical and U.V. In the assay of cell growth inhibition, the inhibitory cell growth rate induced by hydroxyl radical was dose-dependently decreased by GLE. This results support that GLE has a detoxifying activity against cytotoxicity of hydroxyl radical in E. coli cell. GLE also protected ColE1 plasmid DNA damage in the concentration of 200$\mu\textrm{g}$ per reaction on the DNA fragmentation assay. The nuclear tailing by hydrogen peroxide in single cell gel electrophoresis(SCGE) was decreased by GLE in the concentration of 50$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. These data indicate that Ganoderma lucidum has an anti-oxidative activity to hydrogen peroxide. The mutation rate after irradiation of U.V. was reduced by 50$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml GLE and total number of Rif (Rifampicin) resistant mutants was decreased in a concentration dependent manner when added the GLE exogenously in a culture media. According to the results, it is likely that GLE has not only an anti-oxidative activity to hydroxyl radical but also an anti-mutagenic activity to U.V. mutagenesis.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.126-126
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• 2003

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2001년도 International Symposium on Signal transduction in Toxicology
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• pp.115-115
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• 2001

Regular green tea consumption has been associated with a reduced risk of cancer, partly via antioxidant effects of green tea in protecting cellular components against free radical. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of green tea extract (GTE) on oxidative damage to DNA in CHL cells.(omitted)

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 NIH3T3와 HepG2 세포에서 에탄올 유도 세포독성 및 유전독성에 대하여 녹차엑기스(GTE)와 epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)의 보호작용을 평가하는데 있다. 세포생존율은 MTT assay를 실시하였으며 DNA 손상도는 Comet assay로 실시한 결과 에탄올은 농도의존적인 세포독성과 유전독성을 나타내었다. 한편 GTE와 EGCG는 에탄올 유도 세포독성 및 DNA 손상에 대하여 유의성 있는 억제효과를 나타내었으며 DPPH시험과 LDL oxidation 및 8OH-2'dG 생성시험에서 항산화효과를 나타내었다. 한편 녹차성분 함유 시판 리큐르주도 순수 에탄올에 비하여 세포독성억제 및 DNA 손상억제효과를 나타내었다. 이상의 시험결과 GTE와 함유 EGCG는 항산화성 유전독성억제기전을 통한 에탄올독성저감 물질로 판단된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.1078-1084
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• 2014

본 연구는 꽈리허리노린재(Acanthocoris sordidus) 추출물이 산화적 스트레스에 의해 유발되는 세포와 DNA의 손상 억제력을 조사하였다. 꽈리허리노린재 추출물의 DPPH 유리 라디칼과 수산화 라디칼 제거능은 양성 대조군에 비해 각각 48.9%, 37.8%로 나타났으며, $Fe^{2+}$-chelating 효과는 80.0%로 조사되었다. 꽈리허리노린재 추출물이 활성산소에 의해 유도되는 세포손상에 미치는 억제 효과를 조사하기 위해 지질과산화의 상대적 수준과 p21 단백질의 발현율을 조사해보면 꽈리허리노린재 추출물은 라디칼 처리군에 비해 지질과산화를 거의 완벽하게 억제하고 있으며, p21 단백질의 발현은 대조군의 92.4%로 회복되는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 꽈리허리노린재 추출물의 DNA 분절화 억제 활성은 대조군에 비해 53.3%로 나타나 산화적 스트레스에 의해 유발되는 DNA 분절화를 효율적으로 억제하고 있으며, H2AX 단백질의 인산화비는 라디칼 처리군의 39.0%에 해당하는 수준으로 조사되어 꽈리허리노린재 추출물은 히스톤 단백질의 인산화를 매우 효율적으로 억제하는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과로 보아 꽈리허리노린재 추출물은 활성산소에 대한 항산화 효과뿐만 아니라 세포와 DNA의 손상을 억제하는데 효과적인 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.325-333
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 현초의 식품소재 적용과 기능성 소재의 개발을 위해 현초 에틸 아세테이트 분획물을 이용하여 활성산소종의 소거활성과 산화적 DNA 손상 보호효과 및 항균활성에 대해 검증하였다. 현초를 메탄올로 추출하여 얻어진 추출물에 대해 n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, water의 용매를 이용하여 순차분획을 실시하였고, 얻어진 결과물에 대하여 다양한 항산화 측정 방법을 통하여 항산화 효능을 측정한 결과 에틸 아세테이트 분획물의 경우 DPPH 라디칼 소거능, ABTS 라디칼 소거능 및 환원력에서 효과가 높게 측정 되었으며, $50{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 각각 80.88%, 80.12%, 28%를 저해하는 것으로 측정되었다. 이러한 항산화 효능과 함께 산화적 DNA 손상 보호효과를 검증하였고 농도별로 억제하는 경향을 나타냈다. 또한 식품 소재 및 다양한 첨가 소재로 이용하기 위하여 항균활성을 측정하였으며, 에틸 아세테이트 분획물에서 연구에 사용된 모든 균주에 대하여 저해 활성을 보였다. 이러한 활성을 가진 현초 에틸 아세테이트 분획물의 활성물질을 검증하기 위하여 phenolic compound 및 flavonoid 대조군을 이용하여 LC 분석을 하였다. 그 결과 ellagic acid와 gallic aicd가 검출 되었으며 각각 55.14 mg/g, 5.42 mg/g 측정 되었다. 이는 결과적으로 현초는 다양한 식품소재로서의 활용될 수 있으며, 본 논문은 기능성 물질로 활용을 위한 기초자료가 될 것으로 사료 된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.443-452
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• 2010

Elevated plasma concentration of total homocysteine (ptHcy) is known as an independent risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and oxidative stress is also commonly implicated in CVD. An association between ptHcy and oxidative stress has recently been suggested. The study objective is to examine the relationship between ptHcy and oxidative stress markers in 103 healthy college students (62 males and 41 females). Plasma levels of ptHcy, oxidative stress markers (conjugated diene, erythrocyte catalase, TRAP, lymphocyte DNA damage), antioxidant vitamins ($\alpha$-tocopherol, $\gamma$-tocopherol, carotenoids), and lipid parameters (total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol) were determined. The results show that the concentration of ptHcy was significantly higher in male subjects ($22.17\;{\pm}\;2.14\;{\mu}mole/L$) than in female subjects ($12.28\;{\pm}\;0.45\;{\mu}mole/L$). There was a negative association between ptHcy and plasma ${\beta}$-carotene in male subjects (p $lt; 0.05), but no correlation between ptHcy and other plasma antioxidant vitamin levels in either gender. However, there were the negative correlations between ptHcy and plasma ${\alpha}$-carotene or ${\beta}$-carotene, and a positive correlation between ptHcy and lymphocyte DNA damage. A significantly low level of ${\alpha}$-carotene or ${\beta}$-carotene was found in male subjects with elevated ptHcy (${\geq}\;15\;{\mu}mol/L$), as compared to those with lower plasma homocysteine. These study results confirmed the views on the association between plasma homocysteine and oxidative stress markers in humans and support the hypothesis that homocysteine promotes the oxidative environment by counteracting the antioxidant defense mechanism.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.331-338
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• 2005

Ionizing radiation and doxorubicin both produce oxidative damage and double-strand breaks in DNA. Double-strand breaks and oxidative damage are highly toxic and cause cell cycle arrest, provoking DNA repair and apoptosis in cancer cell lines. To investigate the response of normal human cells to agents causing oxidative damage, we monitored alterations in gene expression in F65 normal human fibroblasts. Treatment with ${\gamma}$-irradiation and doxorubicin altered the expression of 23 and 68 known genes, respectively, with no genes in common. Both agents altered the expression of genes involved in cell cycle arrest, and arrested the treated cells in $G_2M$ phase 12 h after treatment. 24 h after ${\gamma}$-irradiation, the percentage of $G_1$ cells increased, whereas after doxorubicin treatment the percentage of $G_2M$ cells remained constant for 24 h. Our results suggest that F65 cells respond differently to ${\gamma}$-irradiation- and doxorubicin-induced DNA damage, probably using entirely different biochemical pathways.