• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.181-191
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary habits, the nutritional knowledge and the consumption patterns of convenience foods of 618 university students located in the Gwangju area, from November twentieth to November thirtieth, 2002. The subjects included 301 males (48.7%) and 317 females (51.3%). This survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire. The percentage of students who were underweight, normal and overweight based on their body mass index (BMI) was 3.7, 88.0 and 8.3 far the males, and 29, 71 and 0 for the females, respectively. Most students (73.8%) skipped breakfast. This was because of lack of time (65.1%) of the cases. Self-reported eating habit problems were eating irregular meal (52.4%), overeating (21%), prejudiced meal (12.4%) and skipping meal (7.4%). The type of favorite snack was biscuit (31.9%) and cup Ramyon (31.9%). The rates of alcohol drinking in male and female students were 88.0% and 85.8% respectively, and the rates of smoking were 35.9% and 28% respectively. Males ate fiequently cup Ramyon (2.08 $\pm$ 2.95), fries (pork cutlet, fried potato) (1.91 $\pm$ 2.58), Ramyon (1.81 $\pm$ 3.00) and kimbab (1.70 $\pm$ 3.17) more frequently, while females ate kimbab (2.25 $\pm$ 3.26), cup Ramyon (1.89 $\pm$ 2.09), fries (pork cutlet, fried potato) (1.77 $\pm$ 2.67), Ramyon (1.46 $\pm$ 1.1.95) and fish paste (1.45 $\pm$ 2.22) more frequently. The nutritional knowledge score was higher in females than in males. The mean consumption patterns of convenience foods of students living in home were lower than that of students living in dormitory and boarding w/cooking. When the amount of pocket money available and the body mass index increased and the nutritional knowledge level was low, the mean consumption of convenience foods increased. The mean consumption of convenience foods correlated negatively with nutritional knowledge (p < 0.01). Therefore, nutritional education for university students is needed so as to improve their health and nutritional education program should be developed to meet the various needs of these students. (Korean J Community Nutrition 8(2) : 181~191, 2003)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.714-729
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• 2023

최근 코로나 팬데믹 이후 비만인구가 증가하고 있으며, 특히 가공식품, 당분 및 동물성지방 섭취 증가와 신체활동 감소 등으로 젊은 층의 가속노화현상이 보고되고 있다. 이에 대학생들을 대상으로 비만 위험도에 따른 식생활 및 영양소 섭취상태를 분석하여 올바른 식습관 개선을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 대학생 90명을 대상으로 식습관 조사와 사진활용 식사섭취 조사를 실시하였다. 비만위험도 판정은 생체 전기 저항 측정법을 통해 신장, 체중, 체질량지수와 체지방률을 측정하고, BMI와 체지방률이 둘 다 정상이면 정상군, 둘 다 과체중 이상이면 위험군, BMI만 비만인 대상자 BMI군, 체지방률만 비만인 대상자 PBF군으로 판정하였다비만위험도에 따른 식습관 조사 결과, 위험군이 정상군보다 수면시간이 적고, 채소류의 섭취빈도는 낮은 반면 패스트푸드 섭취는 높은 것으로 나타나 유의한 차이를 보였다. 식사섭취조사에서 한국인식사섭취기준의 식사구성안에 따른 권장섭취횟수와 비교한 결과, BMI군이 PBF군에 비해 고기·생선·고기·콩류의 섭취가 높았으며, 정상군이 위험군에 비해 채소류의 섭취가 유의적으로 높았다. 1일 평균 영양소 섭취량을 비교한 결과, 에너지섭취량에서는 비만 위험도 판정에 따른 차이를 보이지 않은 반면, 식이섬유, 비타민 A의 섭취에서는 정상군이 위험군에 비해 섭취량이 많았으며, 칼슘은 BMI군이 위험군에 비해 섭취량이 유의하게 많았다. 단백질과 리보플라빈은 BMI군이 PBF군과 위험군에 비해 섭취량이 높아 유의한 차이를 보였고, 비타민 C는 PBF군이 위험군에 비해 높은 섭취를 나타냈다. 이상의 결과를 통해 대학생을 대상으로 정확한 비만진단을 위해 체지방률을 측정하여 BMI와 함께 활용하여 일반 비만뿐 아니라 마른 비만과 근육발달형을 구분하고, 각 유형별 식행동 특성에 맞는영양교육 및 상담을 제공하는 것이 필요하다.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.13-26
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• 2007

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the association between health risk factors and mortality in Juam cohort. Methods: The subjects were 1,447 males and 1,889 females who had been followed up for 68.5 months to 1 January 2001. Whether they were alive or not was confirmed by the mortality data of the National Statistical Office. A total of 289 persons among them died during the follow-up period. The Cox's proportional hazard regression model was used for survival analysis. Results: Age, type of medical insurance, self cognitive health level, habit of alcohol drinking, smoking, exercise and BMI level were included in Cox's proportional hazard model by gender. The hazard ratio of age was 1.07(95% CI: 1.05-1.10) in men, 1.09(95% CI: 1.06-1.12) in women. The hazard ratio of medical aid(lower socioeconomic state) was 1.43(95% CI 1.02-2.19) in women. The hazard ratios of current alcohol drinking and current smoking were respectively 1.69(95% CI: 1.01-2.98), 1.52(95% CI: 1.02-2.28) in women. The hazard ratio of underweight was 1.56(95% CI 1.08-2.47) in men. The hazard ratios of underweight, normoweight, overweight, and obesity were respectively 1.63(95% CI: 1.02-2.67), 1.0(referent), 0.62(95% CI: 0.32-1.63), 1.27(95% CI: 0.65-3.06), which supported the U-shaped relationship between body mass index and mortality among the men over 65. Conclusions: The health risk factors increasing mortality were age, underweight in male, age, lower socioeconomic state, current alcohol drinking, current smoking in female. To evaluate long-term association between health risk factors and mortality, further studies need to be carried out.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.247-260
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• 2018

본 연구는 우리나라 장기요양보험 인정자들의 연령대(70대군, 80대군 및 90세 이상 군)별 정신적 건강상태(우울, 인지기능장애 및 치매)를 알아보고, 정신적 건강상태에 관련된 요인을 규명해 보고자 시도하였다. 조사대상은 2011~2014년도에 국민건강보험공단에서 장기요양 인정자로 판정받았던 70세 이상 노인 1,488명(남성 740명, 여성 748명)으로 하였다. 자료 수집은 국민건강보험공단으로부터 생활습관 등이 기재된 문진표, 검사항목별 건강검진 및 장기요양자료를 연구목적으로 제공받아 수집하였다. 연구결과, 조사대상자들의 연령대별 정신적 건강상태를 나타내는 우울, 인지기능장애 및 치매 수준은 연령대가 증가할수록 유의하게 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과, 정신적 건강상태를 나타내는 우울, 인지기능장애 및 치매가 나타날 위험비는 각 연령대별로 큰 차이 없이 남성보다 여성에서, 과체중군보다 저체중군에서, 비흡연군보다 흡연군에서, 비음주군보다 음주군에서 유의하게 증가하였다. 이상과 같은 연구결과는 조사대상자들의 정신적 건강상태(우울, 인지기능장애 및 치매)는 연령이 증가할수록 저하됨을 시사하며, 특히 흡연, 음주 및 규칙적인 운동 등과 같은 건강관련행위특성이 좋지 않은 군이 좋은 군보다 정신적 건강상태가 저하되고 있음을 시사하고 있다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.374-385
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• 2008

A study has been performed to provide the basic information about the current dietary habits, health related behaviors, and body indices and to bring forward the importance of this information to the people's attention based upon the relation between employee's life patterns and health conditions in their daily lives. Three hundred and five department store workers were examined from August 2006 to September 2006. With the average BMI values $23.9{\pm}2.2$ for males and $20.0{\pm}1.9$ for females, both gender groups were in normal, but 62.2% of the males were overweight and 15.4% of the females were under-weight. Regarding dietary and health related factors on how they perceive themselves, as normal were 204 (66.9%) the most and bad and very bad were respectively 43 (14.1%) and 5 (1.6%). Half of the subjects (43.2%) perceived sleeping hours to be insufficient, and 64.4% of them need to exercise regularly. As problems related to eating habits, they reported irregular meal times, overeating, preference of hot and spicy food, skipping meal, unbalanced meals. Regarding weight control they have attempted were the most (73.0%), after weight reduction, 51.2% of the subjects had side effects, such as gastrointestinal troubles, anemia, dizziness, sense of fatigue, constipation, physiological disorder, and diarrhea, etc. In the food habit score, it was shown that overall average score of the subjects was $62.63{\pm}9.86$ which is lower than other studies. Female ($62.76{\pm}10.15$) had better score than male ($61.67{\pm}8.06$). While the item with the highest point was eat all three meals of the day, that was the lowest point, exercise every day. The food habit score of the younger group had lower than older group, and also they preferred sweet foods to other group. The results suggest that nutrition education for workers at specific working fields needs to be more focused on the improvement of dietary habits and health status of workers.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.57-68
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• 1986

The present survey was designed to investigate correlations among blood pressure, nutritional intakes, and various environmental factors in Korean adult males, and to observe the difference in dietary intakes between hypertensive patients and normotensive subjects. Two hundred forty-three adult men from Seoul and rural areas were interviewed about their food intakes, dietary patterns, food habits, and general environmental factors from December 20, 1982 to February 15, 1983. Their dietary intakes were surveyed by means of 24-hour recall diet method. Dietary score card was used in order to evaluate the quality of routine diet of the subject. Variables of environmental factors and factors related to hypertension were expressed as percentage, and the differences in nutrient intake and food score of each sub-group were examined by means of t-test. Correlation of all the variables were analyzed by Pearsons Correlation Coefficient. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. 38% of the subjects were between the ages of 40~49, and about one-half of the subjects were middle or high school graduates. 28% of the subjects earned 210, 000~350, 000 Won per month, and income distribution was almost identical to that of the urban population of Korea. 2. There was more overweight or obese found in the hypertensive patients than in the normotensive subjects. About 40% of the hypertensive patients reported a family history of hypertension, and their knowledge about hypertension was rather poor, but slightly better than the normotensive subjects. The patient group had less adherence to smoking and alcohol compared with the normotensive subjects, but no difference was observed in coffee drinking. The mean value of the blood pressure for the normotensive subjects was 127/86mmHg and 175/109mmHg for the hypertensive group. 3. Nutrient intake for the hypertensive group was lower for most of nutrients than in the healthy group. Hypertensive patients on diet therapy consumed less calories and carbohydrates compared with those who do not follow diet therapy. 4. There was no difference intake of these food groups between patients and the healthy group. Food score was strongly related to consumption of animal protein, saturated fats, Calcium, Iron, Vitamin A, Riboflavin, and Vitamin C, which are prone to be deficient in the typical Korean diet. 5. Blood pressure had a strong positive correlation with age, body weight, and socioeconomic level. In addition, monthly income was positively related with age and education level. 6. Three was a positive relationship between blood pressure and consumption of vegetable protein, and a negative relationship with consumption of Calories, Carbohydrates, Calcium, Iron, Vitamin A, Vitamin B1, Niacin, and Vitamin C. Animal protein intake increased as income and education levels increased, but this tendency was opposite for carbohydrates. In summary, nutritional intakes are strongly correlated with various environmental factors and the level of blood pressure. There was no difference between normotensive and hypertensive subjects with respect to the quality of food consumed except restricting energy and carbohydrate in the patient group.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.85-97
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• 2017

본 연구는 제주시 지역 일부 초등학교 4 5학년 비만아동 117명 (남자 70명, 여자 47명)과 정상체중아동 117명 (남자 70명, 여자 47명)을 대상으로 일반사항, 체중감량 관련 식행동, 간식 식습관을 조사하였으며, 더불어 24시간 회상법을 이용하여 식이섭취실태를 파악함으로써 초등학교 고학년 학생들의 간식섭취 및 균형 잡힌 영양소섭취를 위한 교육자료 개발을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였으며, 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 조사대상자의 평균 신장, 체중 및 비만도는 각각 정상체중아동은 143.8 cm, 38.5 kg, -0.42%이며 비만아동은 147.5 cm, 56.6 kg, 35.4%로 모두 체중군에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었으나, 체중군별 열량 섭취량은 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 하지만 조사대상자의 체중감량 관련 식행동에서 식사량 감소 경험 유무와 살찌는 음식임을 고려하여 섭취하는 비율은 체중군별 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 조사대상자의 총 열량 섭취 열량은 아침, 점심, 저녁, 간식이 각각 289.8 kcal, 569.0 kcal, 499.2 kcal, 325.1 kcal로, 끼니별 열량 섭취 비율은 17.2%, 33.8%, 29.7%, 19.3%로 나타났다. 특히 간식으로 섭취하는 열량은 체중군별 유의적 차이는 없었으나, 특정 간식 음식을 섭취한 아동만을 대상으로 분석하였을 때, 비만군이 정상체중군에 비해 사탕 초콜릿류를 유의적으로 더 많이 섭취하고 있었다. 성별과 체중군별로 간식을 섭취하는 이유로는 공통적으로 '배가 고파서'가 64.1%, '심심해서'는 12% 순으로 나타났다. 간식 섭취 횟수에서 일반 간식의 경우 정상체중군 (2.1회/주)이 비만군 (1.6회/주)보다 자주 섭취하는 것으로 나타났고, 학교나 학원 주변에서 섭취하는 간식의 경우에는 체중군별 차이 (1회/주)가 없었다. 일반 간식과 학교나 학원 주변 간식을 합한 총간식의 섭취 횟수는 정상체중군은 3.1회/주, 비만군은 2.6회/주로 나타났다. 일반 간식에서 자주 먹는 간식 음식은 과일 과일주스, 과자 사탕 초콜릿, 우유 요구르트 순으로 높게 나타났고, 학교나 학원 주변 간식에서는 김밥 삼각김밥 떡볶이 순대, 아이스크림, 과자 사탕 초콜릿의 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 체중군별 간식 선택 음식의 종류에는 유의적 차이가 없었다. 하지만 간식음식을 저열량 고영양 간식과 고열량 저영양 간식으로 구분하고, 간식 음식선택 여부와 섭취 횟수를 고려한 섭취 수준으로 비교하였을 때에는 비만군이 정상체중군보다 저열량 고영양 간식의 섭취수준이 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 본 제주의 일부 초등학교 5, 6학년 학생들은 체중군별로 비만군이 정상체중군에 비해 체중 감량을 위해 더 노력하지만, 비만군이 정상체중군보다 저열량 고영양 간식을 유의적으로 낮게 섭취하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 고열량 저영양의 부적절한 종류의 간식음식의 섭취는 하루 세끼 식사에 영향을 미치고, 영양 불균형을 초래할 수 있으므로 비만군 뿐만 아니라 정상체중군에서도 올바른 간식 선택 및 식행동 개선을 위한 영양교육이 필요하다고 사료된다. 균형 잡힌 하루 세끼 식사를 충분히 섭취한 후, 부족한 부분을 간식으로 보충할 수 있도록 영양적인 측면과 관련지어 간식 섭취에 대한 적절한 교육이 학교에서 뿐만 아니라 가정연계를 통해 체계적으로 전개되어야 하겠다.