• Animal Bioscience
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.428-436
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• 2024

Objective: This study compared five distinct sets of biological pathways and associated genes related to semen volume (VOL), number of sperm (NS), and sperm motility (MOT) in the Thai multibreed dairy population. Methods: The phenotypic data included 13,533 VOL records, 12,773 NS records, and 12,660 MOT records from 131 bulls. The genotypic data consisted of 76,519 imputed and actual single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 72 animals. The SNP additive genetic variances for VOL, NS, and MOT were estimated for SNP windows of one SNP (SW1), ten SNP (SW10), 30 SNP (SW30), 50 SNP (SW50), and 100 SNP (SW100) using a single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction approach. The fixed effects in the model were contemporary group, ejaculate order, bull age, ambient temperature, and heterosis. The random effects accounted for animal additive genetic effects, permanent environment effects, and residual. The SNPs explaining at least 0.001% of the additive genetic variance in SW1, 0.01% in SW10, 0.03% in SW30, 0.05% in SW50, and 0.1% in SW100 were selected for gene identification through the NCBI database. The pathway analysis utilized genes associated with the identified SNP windows. Results: Comparison of overlapping and non-overlapping SNP windows revealed notable differences among the identified pathways and genes associated with the studied traits. Overlapping windows consistently yielded a larger number of shared biological pathways and genes than non-overlapping windows. In particular, overlapping SW30 and SW50 identified the largest number of shared pathways and genes in the Thai multibreed dairy population. Conclusion: This study yielded valuable insights into the genetic architecture of VOL, NS, and MOT. It also highlighted the importance of assessing overlapping and non-overlapping SNP windows of various sizes for their effectiveness to identify shared pathways and genes influencing multiple traits.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.41-51
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• 2013

Lately in many cases, Spaces are designed by stimulating user's sensibility, emotion, psychological software over based on the user behavior and purpose of space. Because space is not only practical using and use purpose but also the place for expressing ourselves by experiences. But space is a physical thing. so we need to arrange a structure of abstract and formless source of design by sophisticated grammaticalization. Especially storytelling of that abstract thing have characteristics of relation, process among users and space. because storytelling is focused on the discourse of stories and relationship record of that discourses. So this is used by expression device for user's emotion things and subjects in numerous cases. And storytelling is the basic, important element for user's experience in a space. By the way, Overlapping is also basic element for being possible to make experiences by concrete thing. that is because, Overlapping is layering phenomenon of some objects. Overlapping is made distance, distance make depth, and this relations take us an experience. Finally storytelling, Overlapping and space of experience are relation of cause and effect. So in this thesis, researcher looks for the relation characteristics between storytelling and overlapping by experience. and makes the abstract source into concrete and sophisticated formular.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2002

Performance improvement of the DS-CDMA system by the spectrum-overlap is important for better service quality or more system capacity. In this paper, an analysis thor capacity improvement is newly considered when the Lanczos chip waveform is used for the spectrum-overlapped DS-CDMA system. RC(relative capacity) is the ratio of the capacity of overlapping system to that of non-overlapping system, which is used for the expression of the capacity improvement. The optimal overlapping ratio is numerically found to make the maximum capacity improvement When the rectangular chip waveform is used far the overlapping system, maximum capacity improvement is increased by about 10% at the required BER=$10^{-3}$TEX> and the optimal overlapping ratio is 1.23. When the 95 % power bandwidth is considered for the Lanczos chip waveform, maximum capacity improvement is increased by 34.4% at overlapping ratio of 1.55 when the required BER is $10^{-3}$TEX>. The lower required BER far the better communication quality makes gradually smaller capacity improvement.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.442-447
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• 2005

This paper presents an application of overlapping-grid technique for probe feeding simulation. The overlapping grid technique is used to solve contour path problem. In this technique, field interpolation is very important to make communication between two coordinates. By applying overlapping-grid technique, error of contour path in probe feeding simulation is reduced.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.24 no.7A
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• pp.964-972
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• 1999

In this paper, we proposed a simulation model to which apply the AAL 2 (AAL type 2) between BSC and MSC in the cellular mobile communication systems. We suggested the frame structure of processing the packets of short length and the scheme which multiplex to one or more ATM cell. Also, we analyzed the performance of the APR, transmission delay, and channel transmission efficiency used in the packetized voice traffic and the low bit-rate data traffic such as fax. From the simulation results, the maximum number of users are 47 users without using AAL 2 multiplexing, but the maximum number of users are 70 (Non-Overlapping scheme) users, 110 (Overlapping scheme) users, respectively. Thus, we knew that the Overlapping scheme is more efficient than the Non-Overlapping scheme. Finally, we showed that the optimum transmission buffer size is 4 ATM cells in the cellular communication systems with the bandwidth of 2 Mbps.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2023

In this paper, we propose a two-level overlapping domain decomposition preconditioner for three dimensional vector field problems posed in H(div). We introduce a new coarse component, which reduces the computational complexity, associated with the coarse vertices. Numerical experiments are also presented.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.206-213
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• 2001

An overlapping decentralized robust EA(eigenstructure assignment) controller is designed for an active suspension system of a vehicle based on a full car model with 7-degree of freedom. Using overlapping decomposition, the full car model is decentralized by two half car models. For each half car model, an effective and disturbance suppressible controller can be obtained by assigning appropriately a left eigenstructure of the system. The performance of the proposed overlapping decentralized robust EA controller is compared with that of a conventional centralized EA controller through computer simulations.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.1496-1499
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• 2009

A diode-pumped Nd:$YVO_4$ laser was used to obtain indium tin oxide (ITO) patterns on glass substrate with various overlapping rates. The results showed that the overlapping rate of laser beam influences on the edge structure of ITO pattern and the surface roughness of ablated groove bottom. At a laser repetition rate of 40 kHz, the optimized condition of overlapping rate was 75 %.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.990-1000
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• 2015

This paper presents an overlapping pattern substitution (PS) method. The original overlapping PS method as a reversible data hiding scheme works well with only four pattern pairs among fifteen possible such pairs. This paper generalizes the original PS method so that it will work well with an optimal pair from among the fifteen possible pattern pairs. To implement such an overlapping PS method, changeable and embeddable patterns are first defined. A class map is virtually constructed to identify the changeable and embeddable pairs. The run-lengths between consecutive least probable patterns are recorded. Experiments show that an implementation of our overlapping PS method works well with any possible type of pairs. Comparison results show that the proposed method achieves more embedding capacity, a higher PSNR value, and less human visual distortion for a given embedding payload.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2014

Hydrodynamic coefficients strongly affect the dynamic performance of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). A novel kind of underwater vehicle (Heavier-than-water AUV) with higher density than water is presented, which is different from conventional ones. RANS method and overlapping grids are used to simulate the flow field around the vehicle. Lifts, drags and moments of different attack and drift angles in steady state are calculated. The hydrodynamic performances and how the forces change with the attitude are analyzed according to the flow field structure. The steady-state results using overlapping grid method are compared with those of software FLUENT and wind tunnel tests. The calculation results show that the overlapping grid method can well simulate the viscous flow field around the underwater vehicle. Overlapping grid skills have also been used to figure out the planar-motion-mechanism (PMM) problem of Heavier-than-water AUV and forecast its hydrodynamic performance, verifying its effectiveness in dealing with the dynamic problems, which would be quite helpful for design and control of Heavier-than-water AUV and other underwater vehicles.