• 한국임상약학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.118-126
• /
• 2005

In our study, osteoporosis was induced by ovariectomized in female Sprague-Daweley (SD) rats, and the prevention and treatment efficacy of the climacteric disease the ostmenopausal type I pattern was examined by using the experimental substance soybeans and arowroot. No clinical signs and mortality after continuous oral administration of experimental substances for 14 weeks were not observed, however, the weight of experimental animals underwent ovariectomized was increased significantly in comparison with control group (p<0.01). The atrophy of the uterus due to T3 group was 23.64% after 7 weeks, 24.44% after 14 weeks (in comparison with N.C. group), and it was statistically significantly increased. In regard to the change of blood cells, it was observed that platelets were statistically significantly reduced in the ovariectomized group, and administered orally experimental substances continuously for 7 weeks, in all groups administered experimental substances, it was found that platelets had the tendency to be increased more than N. C. group. In regard to He change of blood biochemistry, removed the ovary, the concentration of ALP showed the tendency to be increased than control group, and particularly in T3 group, it was increased significantly. In regard to the concentration of cholesterol, in comparison with negative control group, it was reduced 68% at 7 weeks and 35% at 14 weeks. After ovariectomized, the amount of estrogen was found to be reduced by 21.37% in comparison with control group, it showed the tendency to be increased by 4.49% in T1 group and 7.62% in T2 group, the concentration of estrogen in each group showed the tendency to be increased than negative control group, and in T3 group, it was increased to 100.46% and 117.65% in T4 group, and it was increased more than control group. Based on the above experimental results, in the experimental animals female rats, because of the hormonal imbalance induced by ovariectomized, a large mount of fat is accumulated in the body and due to it osteoporosis, obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, fat of the liver, arteriosclerosis, diabetes, and other metabolic diseases were developed. Hence, when the experimental substance Extraction of ferment arrowroot was orally administered continuously for 14 weeks, it was thought that a certain proportion of the hormonal balance was maintained that functioned as a substance interfering the accumulation of fat, and it was considered to be of help in the treatment of not only osteoporosis Type I, but also for the prevention and treatment of various endocrinal diseases.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.353-361
• /
• 2008

구기자와 구기엽이 난소를 적출한 흰쥐의 간에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 체중, 혈청 콜레스테롤, 간세포의 미세구조 변화를 관찰하였다. 실험군은 가장수술군 (Sham), 난소적출군 (OVX), 난소적출 후 구기자 투여군(LCF)과 구기엽 투여군(LCL), 에스트로겐 투여군 ($E_2$)의 5개 군으로 분류하였다. 난소를 적출한 다음날부터 Sham군은 음용수로 물을 투여하였으며, LCF군과 LCL군은 음용수에 건조분말 100 mg/kg을 희석하여 매일 공급하였다. $E_2$군은 에스트로겐 0.01 mg/kg을 1일 1회 8주간 복강 주사하였다. 체중은 OVX군이 가장 높았으며, $E_2$군이 가장 낮았다. 총 cholesterol의 농도는 OVX군 ($105{\pm}4.2\;mg/dL$)이 Sham군 ($91{\pm}4.5\;mg/dL$)에 비하여 유의성 있게 증가하였으며, LCF군 ($86{\pm}3.9\;mg/dL$)과 LCL군 ($94{\pm}4.3\;mg/dL$)이 OVX군에 비해 낮게 나타났다. HDL cholesterol 함량은 OVX군 ($63.3{\pm}5.21\;mg/dL$)에 비하여 LCF군($64.9{\pm}4.04\;mg/dL$)과 LCL군($70.4{\pm}4.90\;mg/dL$)이 다소 높았으며, LDL cholesterol 농도는 OVX군 ($12.6{\pm}0.89\;mg/dL$)에 비하여 LCF군 ($8.8{\pm}0.45\;mg/dL$)과 LCL군 ($9.7{\pm}0.52\;mg/dL$)이 낮았다. 간세포의 미세구조를 전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과 OVX군에서는세포질에서 다양한 크기의 지방적들이 다수 관찰되었으나 LCF군에서는 지방적들이 거의 관찰되지 않았으며, LCL군은 세포질 전반에 걸쳐 지방적들이 관찰되었는데 크기는 OVX군에 비하여 작았다. 이상의 결과로 보아 구기자와 구기엽의 투여가 난소를 적출한 흰쥐의 혈청 콜레스테롤 함량을 낮출 뿐만 아니라 간세포의 손상과 지방적 생성을 억제하는 것으로 사료되었다.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.249-254
• /
• 2008

폐경 후 여성의 비만은 독특한 생리적 현상으로 음식물 섭취가 촉진되고, 몸무게와 지방조직이 증가되고, 정상 여성보다 혈류 관련 질환 발병이 높아지는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 갱년기를 유도한 흰쥐에 다시마 추출물을 투여하여 체내 지질 함량 변화에 대해 그 효과를 검토하였다. 그 결과 난소를 절제한 OVX-control군이 난소를 절제하지 않은 Sham군보다 체중이 뚜렷이 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 다시마 추출물이 체중감소에는 크게 영향을 미치지 않았다. GOT 활성에서는 난소를 절제한 OVX-control군이 난소를 절제하지 않은 Sham군에 비해 GOT 활성이 증가하였으나, 난소를 절제한 후 다시마 추출물 투여에 의해 난소를 절제하지 않은 Sham군보다 GOT활성이 더 감소하는 결과가 나타났다. GPT 활성에서는 난소를 절제 한 후 다시마 추출물을 투여한 군에서는 OVX-control군에 비해 감소하는 경향을 보였는데, 특히 OVX-ST200군에서 감소하는 결과가 나타났다. 난소 절제 후 다시마 추출물 투여는 난소 절제로 인해 야기되는 혈중 총 콜레스테롤의 함량 및 혈청 지질 농도의 증가를 감소시켰다. 또한, HDL-콜레스테롤은 난소절제 군에 비해 난소절제 후 다시마 추출물을 투여하였을 때 혈중 함량이 증가하였다. 이상의 결과에서 다시마 추출물이 갱년기 장애 시 발생할 수 있는 혈 중 지질 함량 변화에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타나 혈류 관련 질환에 대한 개선 식품으로의 활용이 기대된다.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제39권2호
• /
• pp.106-118
• /
• 2018

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate anti-obesity effects of Zingiberis Rhizoma on ovariectomized rats in order to determine the possibility of the clinical use in preventing and treating post-menopausal obesity. Methods: To investigate how menopause affects obesity in woman, rats were treated with Zingiberis Rhizoma extracts. We measured various biomarkers including GOT,GPT, leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, $PPAR-{\gamma}$ mRNA, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, liver weight, estradiol, uterine weight, and calcitonin, which are linked with obesity and menopause. Results: There was a significant decrease in group which was given Zingiberis Rhizoma extracts 100 mg/kg and lipid level found in blood(total cholesterol, triglyceride). Fat accumulation of liver cells was repressed, liver function was improved and leptin and adipomectin levels were significantly normalized. In addition, expression of $PPAR-{\gamma}$ was significantly increased. Conclusions: The results indicated that Zingiberis Rhizoma extracts have anti-obesity effects on ovariectomized rats through improving liver function and lipid metabolic function.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.242-248
• /
• 2005

The effect of calcium and boron supplementation on bone strength was determined in growing and ovariectomized (OVX) Sparague-Dawley rats. Rats were divided into 9 groups and fed diet with different intake levels of calcium and boron for 4 weeks. About fifty percentages of rats in each group were OVX and the others were sham-operated. The rats were fed same diets after operation for 8 weeks. The feed intake, body weight gain, and FER were significantly higher in OVX rats than those in sham-operated ones. Serum osteocalcin, bone formation biomarker, was significantly increased with increment in calcium and boron intakes. Serum estradiol was lower in OVX rats than in sham-operated ones. Bone mineral density of femur was significantly lower in OVX rats than in other group. The breaking forces of bones were not significantly different among the groups. The urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline, osteolytic marker was significantly increased with increment in calcium intake and ovariectomy. The urinary calcium excretion was significantly increased with increment in calcium intake, but decreased with increment in boron intake. According to theses results, the boron supplementation resulted in higher serum osteocalcin and lower urinary calcium excretion. Therefore, it could be suggested that the boron supplementation may be complementary and useful to calcium nutrition for bone health.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.475-479
• /
• 1997

A decrease in the circulating levels of estrogen, occuring as a consequence of post menopausal decline or from surgical ovariectomy, results in an accelerated loss of bone. Estrogen has been shown to stimulate lysyl oxidase activity, and the treatment with estrogen increased the pyridinium content of cortical bone. a trivalent mature cross-links collagen fibrils named pyridinoline, which is especially abundant in collagen of cartilage and bone, markedly increases with growth in humans and rats. The main aim of this study was to examine the increased bone loss caused by ovariectomy through monitoring the concentrations of the collagen and the pyridinium cross-links of collagen, pyridinoline. The ovariectomized rats, 4 weeks old, were divided at random into two or three groups of 5. Ovariectomies were carried out on both of the saline-treated group(OVX(NH)) and the estrogen-treated group(OVX(H)) using the dorsal approach and sham operations were performed on the sham-operated group(sham). They were maintained under identical conditions for 4 or 8 weeks and were allowed free access to food and water. it was observed that there was no significant difference between the control group and the sham-operated group, however, the control group had a higher content of collagen than the saline-treated group after 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Based on these results, iot is supposed that estrogen can enhance collagen synthesis and affects the pyridinoline formation in collagen fibrils through stimulating lysyl oxidase activity.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.147-152
• /
• 2000

The rodent uterotrophic assay is currently recommended as one of the primary in vivo assays far endocrine disrupting chemicals by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and Endocrine Disruptor Screening and Testing Advisory Committee (US EPA EDSTAC). Generally, this assay relies on the rapid increase in uterus and vagina weights when exposed to estrogenic compounds. Phthalate esters have been used extensively as a plasticizer in the manufacture of plastic products such as PVC films and medical devices. Recently, phthalate esters have been shown to induce endocrine system mediated responses. However, a flew studies have been conducted for the screening of their estrogenic activity. In this study the estrogenic activity of seven phthalate esters, butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di-n-butylphthalate (DBP), diethylphthalate (DEP), di-n-pentylphthalate (DPF), di-n-propylphthalate (DPrP) and dicyclohexylphthalate (DCHP), was examined in uterotrophic assay. Phthalate esters dissolved in corn oil were administered to ovariectomized (OVX) female Sprague-Dawley rats by sub-cutaneous injection for three consecutive days. fiats were sacrificed 24h after final treatment, and then uterus and vagina weights were deter mined. All phthalate esters tested in this assay did not change talc uterus and vagina weights at dosage levels up to 200 mg/kg/day treatment. These results demonstrated that phthalate esters did not exhibit estrogenic activity in vivo uterotrophic assay.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.99-103
• /
• 2009

The in-vitro immunomodulatory function of murine natural-killer (NK) cells induced by red-ginseng acidic polysaccharide (RGAP) in ovariectomized (OVX) rats was examined in this study. The IL-2-induced NK cell activity was significantly decreased in the OVX rats compared to the sham groups, but the normally induced NK cell activity was not. RGAP, however, increased the NK cell activity in both groups, and this effect involved iNOS expression. The inhibition of iNOS activity did not increase the NK cell cytotoxicity by RGAP in the OVX rats. The data that were obtained also demonstrated that the expression of iNOS was increased in the spleen of the OVX rats. These results indicate that RGAP increases the tumoricidal activity of the NK cell in the OVX rats, which is a primed or activated state of innate immune cells resulting from the changes in cytokine production induced by estrogen-deficient stress. Therefore, RGAP has a synergistic effect on the NK cell activities, which are regulated by the iNOS signals in OVX rats. This suggests that RGAP is useful for potential therapeutic strategies as a nutrient in regulating the NK cells in OVX rats.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.299-306
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of the calcium intake on lipid profile and antioxidant capacities in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Rats were divided into 3 groups and fed diet with different levels of calcium (low 0.1%, adequate 0.5%, high 1.5%) for 4 weeks. The half of rats in each group was ovariectomized and the others were sham-operated. And rats were fed same diets for 8 weeks after operation. Feed intake and weight gain were significantly higher in OVX group than those in sham-operated. Serum HDL-cholesterol was the highest in high-calcium group of OVX. Hepatic triglyceride of low-calcium group in sham-operated was the highest, while that of highcalcium group in OVX was the highest. Hepatic activities of glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase were significantly decreased by increasement of calcium intake. Hepatic TBARS level was the lowest in high-calcium group of OVX. And hepatic level of TBARS induced by AAPH was significantly decreased by increasement of calcium intake. These results may indicate that the high calcium intake have the potential role to improve lipid profiles and antioxidant capacities in OVX rats.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제31권9호
• /
• pp.1281-1287
• /
• 2021

Clinical and preclinical studies have reported that Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17, a probiotic bacterial strain isolated from human breast milk, reduces body weight and white adipose tissue volume. In order to further explore the actions of L. gasseri BNR17, we investigated the anti-menopausal effects of L. gasseri BNR17 in an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model. The serum alanine aminotransferase levels of the rats in the OVX-BNR17 group were lower than those of the rats in the OVX-vehicle only (OVX-Veh) group. Upon administration of L. gasseri BNR17 after ovariectomy, calcitonin and Serotonin 2A levels increased significantly, whereas serum osteocalcin levels showed a decreasing tendency. Compared to the rats in the OVX-Veh group, those in the OVX-BNR17 group showed lower urine deoxypyridinoline levels, lower pain sensitivity, and improved vaginal cornification. Furthermore, L. gasseri BNR17 administration increased bone mineral density in the rats with OVX-induced femoral bone loss. These results suggest that L. gasseri BNR17 administration could alleviate menopausal symptoms, indicating that this bacterium could be a good functional probiotic for managing the health of older women.