• Title/Summary/Keyword: ovarian

Search Result 1,845, Processing Time 0.027 seconds

The Use of Radioimmunoassay to Moniter Reproductive Status of Cheju Native Cattle and the Effect of Su, pp.ementary Feeding on Reproduction 1. Body Weight Changes, Breeding Performances and Progesterone Levels from Weaning until First Calving

  • Chung, D.C.;Kim, J.K.;Kim, D.C.;Beak, Y.K.;Moon, S.H.
    • Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
    • /
    • v.10 no.1
    • /
    • pp.49-57
    • /
    • 1986
  • Studies were conducted to investigate the relationship between hormone leveles and nutritional levels for improving performance of Cheju native cattle. In June 1984 a trial was initiated using 8 Cheju native calves after weaning, fed at two su, pp.ementary feeding levels (NRC 100% and 70%). The body weight, breedng performence, change in progesterone level during pregnancy and estrus cycle were evaluated. Mean body weight at 6 months of age was 155kg when fed 100% NRC ration but it was only 137kg when heifers received the 70% NRC ration. At 10, 15 and 20 months of age the body weight was 66, 160 and 115kg, respectively, showing that heifers fed the standard ration gained weight rapidly (P<0.01). Average size of the lefe ovary in the standard group was 2.1${\times}$1.6cm and right ovary was 2.6${\times}$1.8cm. However in the restricted feeding group the ovaries were found to be smaller. Diameter of graffian follicles showed a similar tendency to ovarian size in the two groups. The first oestrus in the standard feeding group a, pp.ared at 14.6 months when body weight was 265kg. Age at first calving was on average 28.9 months at a body weight of 436kg. On the other hand when heifers were fed the restricted ration the first oestrus a, pp.ared at 23.0 months at a body weight of 250kg. Average age at first calving was 38.9 months which was 10 months later than the average in the standard feeding group (P<0.01). In standard feeding group the progesterone level was 2.0ng/ml at two weeks after pregnancy and gradully increased up to 4 weeks and peaked at 18 weeks. This peak (6.4-6.5ng/ml) was maintained up to 24 weeks when progesterone level decreased until it reached 2.1ng/ml at the end of pregnancy. In the restricted group progesterone level up to 16 weeks followed a similar pattern to the standard group but there was a tendency in the restricted group to have lower progesterone levels(P<0.01). The standard and srstricted groups showed similar patterns of progesterone concentration during the oestrus cylce. There were no statistically significant differences in progesterone levels between standard and restricted groups but there was variation between induvidual animals.

  • PDF

Effects of Concentrate Feeding Level after Sexual Maturity on the Growth and Breeding Performances, Blood Composition, and Ultrasonic Carcass Traits in Hanwoo Cows (성 성숙기 이후 농후사료 급여수준이 한우 암소의 성장과 번식능력, 혈액성상 및 초음파 도체성적에 미치는 영향)

  • Jeong, Chan Sung;Jang, Sun Sik;Lee, Sung Sill;Moon, Yea Hwang
    • Journal of agriculture & life science
    • /
    • v.50 no.4
    • /
    • pp.113-125
    • /
    • 2016
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effect of low feeding level of concentrate after sexual maturity(14 month old) on the growing and breeding performances in Hanwoo cows. Eighteen cows(average body wt. 251kg) were alloted to two groups by completely randomized design, and fed a commercial formula feed by 0.8%(T1) and 1.2%(T2) of body weight for 30 months of total experimental period(feeding trial of 20 months, breeding trial of 10 months). When the results of this experiment compared to the Korean feeding standard for Hanwoo(2012), the reason of low growing performance in T1 was induced from low protein intake rather than energy. The change of body size by feeding levels was significantly appeared at chest width and body length, particularly chest width of cows in T1 was rather reduced by 3.7% in the final than the initial measurement. Ovarian size of T1 was only 63% of T2, and pregnancy rate(33.3% : 77.8%) and birth wight of calf(22.5kg : 29.5kg) were also seriously repressed by low intake of dietary protein after sexual maturity in Hanwoo cow. It was appeared that the growing and breeding performances of Hanwoo cows were more affected by the level of dietary protein rather than energy in the feeding after sexual maturity.

Determinants of Willingness to Undergo Lung Cancer Screening among High-Risk Current and Ex-smokers in Sabah, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

  • Larry Ellee Nyanti;Chia Zhen Chua;Han Chuan Loo;Cheng Zhi Khor;Emilia Sheau Yuin Toh;Rasvinder Singh Gill;Eng Tat Chan;Ker Yin Tan;Taufiq Rosli;Muhammad Aklil Abd Rahim;Arfian Ibrahim;Nai Chien Huan;Hema Yamini Devi Ramarmuty;Kunji Kannan Sivaraman Kannan
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
    • /
    • v.86 no.4
    • /
    • pp.284-293
    • /
    • 2023
  • Background: Attitudes towards smoking, lung cancer screening, and perceived risk of lung cancer have not been widely studied in Malaysia. The primary objective of this study was to describe the factors affecting the willingness of high-risk current smokers and ex-smokers to undergo low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening for lung cancer. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted in current smokers or ex-smokers aged between 55 and 80 years at three hospitals in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. The questionnaire recorded the following parameters: perceived lung cancer risk; Prostate Lung Colon Ovarian Cancer 2012 risk prediction model excluding race and ethnicity predictor (PLCOm2012norace); demographic characteristics; psychosocial characteristics; and attitudes towards lung cancer and lung cancer screening. Results: A vast majority of the 95 respondents (94.7%) indicated their willingness to undergo screening. Stigma of lung cancer, low levels of knowledge about lung cancer symptoms, concerns about financial constraints, and a preference for traditional medication were still prevalent among the respondents, and they may represent potential barriers to lung cancer screening uptake. A desire to have an early diagnosis (odds ratio [OR], 11.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53 to 84.05; p=0.02), perceived time constraints (OR, 3.94; 95% CI, 1.32 to 11.73; p=0.01), and proximity of LDCT screening facilities (OR, 14.33; 95% CI, 1.84 to 111.4; p=0.01) had significantly higher odds of willingness to undergo screening. Conclusion: Although high-risk current smokers and ex-smokers are likely to undergo screening for lung cancer, several psychosocial barriers persist. The results of this study may guide the policymakers and clinicians regarding the need to improve lung cancer awareness in our population.

Analysis of the cause-specific proportional hazards model with missing covariates (누락된 공변량을 가진 원인별 비례위험모형의 분석)

  • Minjung Lee
    • The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
    • /
    • v.37 no.2
    • /
    • pp.225-237
    • /
    • 2024
  • In the analysis of competing risks data, some of covariates may not be fully observed for some subjects. In such cases, excluding subjects with missing covariate values from the analysis may result in biased estimates and loss of efficiency. In this paper, we studied multiple imputation and the augmented inverse probability weighting method for regression parameter estimation in the cause-specific proportional hazards model with missing covariates. The performance of estimators obtained from multiple imputation and the augmented inverse probability weighting method is evaluated by simulation studies, which show that those methods perform well. Multiple imputation and the augmented inverse probability weighting method were applied to investigate significant risk factors for the risk of death from breast cancer and from other causes for breast cancer data with missing values for tumor size obtained from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screen Trial Study. Under the cause-specific proportional hazards model, the methods show that race, marital status, stage, grade, and tumor size are significant risk factors for breast cancer mortality, and stage has the greatest effect on increasing the risk of breast cancer death. Age at diagnosis and tumor size have significant effects on increasing the risk of other-cause death.

Reproductive Ecology and Spawning of Hoplobrotula armata in the Coastal Waters of Jejudo Island, Korea (제주 연안에서 채집된 붉은메기(Hoplobrotula armata)의 산란생태)

  • Min-Sun Kim;Song-Hun Han;Jun-Chul Ko;Bo-Yeon Kim;Jung Hwa Choi;Seung-Jong Lee
    • Journal of Life Science
    • /
    • v.34 no.2
    • /
    • pp.122-127
    • /
    • 2024
  • This study investigated the reproductive ecology and spawning of Hoplobrotula armata on the coast of Jejudo Island. Samples were collected from February to December 2019 and February to December 2020, with a total of 2,634 samples. The results of the investigation showed that total length (TL) ranged from 22.0 cm to 68.8 cm, and the body weight (BW) ranged from 66.5 g to 3,553.9 g. According to the development process of gonads and the gonadosomatic index (GSI), the spawning period of H. armata was from July to October. The relationship between TL and BW was BW = 0.0024TL3.3278 in females and BW = 0.0035TL3.2162 in males. The sex ratios of surveyed female to male H. armata was 1:0.71, with more females. At 50%, 75%, and 97.5%, the group maturities of H. armata were as follows: Females, 39.9 cm, 42.7 cm, and 49.4 cm; males, 37.6 cm, 40.4 cm, and 46.9 cm, respectively. According to monthly GSI and gametocyte (ovarian, testis) development stage observations of H. armata on the coast of Jejudo Island, they spawn once a year and are presumed to be summer spawners.

Studies on Changes of the Activity of the Hepatic cells, and Variations of Protein and Nucleic Acid Contents of the Liver Tissue with the Ovarian Development Phase of Female Boleophthalmus pectinirostris(Linnaeus) (자성(雌性) 짱뚱어, Boleophthalmus pectinirostris(Linnaeus)의 난소(卵巢) 발달단계(發達段階)에 따른 간세포(肝細布)의 활성변화(活性變化) 및 간조직(肝組織)의 단백질(蛋白質), 핵산함량(核酸含量)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Chung, Ee-Yung;Lee, Keun-Kwang;Oh, Young-Nam
    • Korean Journal of Ichthyology
    • /
    • v.3 no.1
    • /
    • pp.48-57
    • /
    • 1991
  • Changes of the activities of the hepatic cells of female mud skipper, Boleophthalmus pectinirostris were investigated under transmission electron microscopy. Monthly changes of gonadosomatic index(GSI) and hepatosomatic index(HSI), variations of protein and nucleic acid contents(total RNA and DNA) of the liver tissues with the gonadal development phase were also studied. GSI began to increase from May(the growing stage), reaching the maximum value in late June(the mature stage), and then it began to decrease from late July(the degenerative stage), reaching the lowest value in late September. Monthly variations of HSI were negatively related to GSI. HSI decreased in the summer season when the ovary was getting mature and reached the maximum in mid October when the ovary was degenerating. In June(the mature stage), the female hepatic cells of the liver tissues became large and nuclei were hypertrophic. The amounts of glycogen particles and lipid droplets in the cells gradually decreased, while a number of granular endoplasmic reticulum increased. It was assumed that well-developed granular endoplasmic reticulum binding ribosomes are supposed to play the leading role in protein synthesis and deposition for vitellogenin in the cytoplasm. In July(the spawning period), glycogen particles and lipid droplets gradually increased, and then these substances were still observed in large quantity in August(the degenerative stage). The protein contents of the liver tissues with the gonadal phases of the ovaries were shown the maximum value($4.720{\pm}0.103\;mg/g$) in June, and afterwards gradually decreased being the minimum($3.640{\pm}0.130\;mg/g$) in July, and then gradually increased in August. The mean total RNA contents per gram of the liver tissues appeared the maximum($0.523{\pm}0.040\;mg/g$) in June, and afterwards gradually decreased to the minimum($0.158{\pm}0.006\;mg/g$) in July and slightly increased in August again. From these results, it could be assumed that protein contents were closely related to RNA contents. The mean total DNA contents per weight (gr) of the liver tissues appeared to be similar although there were some monthly fluctuations. The ratio of the mean total RNA/DNA were 0.745 in June, 0.262 in July, 0.341 in August respectively.

  • PDF

Pelvic Measurement Indicators to Produce the Gonad Protection of Female Infants (유아기 여아의 생식선 차폐체 제작을 위한 골반 지표 계측)

  • Kwak, Jong-hyeok;Park, Chan-hyeok;Moon, deog-hwan
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
    • /
    • v.10 no.2
    • /
    • pp.101-107
    • /
    • 2016
  • It was performed in this study to provide basic information on production of accurate gonadal shield by measuring pelvic indicators of TDP SD ISP IAD 1CDP and 2CDP. when pelvis ap and hip ap examination was taken, there is no exact position of the reference point of the shield and anatomically more difficult to shield gonad in the case of female infants than male. Results analyzed by height in 70~80 and 110~120 were approximately 30mm 13mm 19mm 20mm 2mm and 7mm difference in TDP SD ISP IAD 1CDP and 2CDP respectively. This value was statistically significant (P<0.05). Results analyzed by age of 2~3 and 6~7 were different on SD ISP IAD and 2CDP by 17mm 10mm 12mm 16mm respectively. it was also statistically significant. However 1CDP was not statistically significant(P>0.05). the difference was nearly about 1mm. Analysis of results by weight of less than 10 and more than 20 showed difference on TDP SD ISP IAD 1CDP and 2CDP by 28mm 14mm 11mm 20mm 3mm and 8mm. it was statistically significant (P<0.05). From the above results, female infants pelvic indicator measurement can be used as reference value for shielding production and especially IAD can present a reference point on the shielding position. Pelvis indicators of female infant has a close correlation. In addition, as it is showen in the statistical difference analysis to have an accurate ovarian shield, gonad shield would be produced and used by height, age and weight.

GENE EXPRESSION PATTERNS INDUCED BY $TAXOL^{(R)}$ AND CYCLOSPORIN A IN ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA CELL LINE USING CDNA MICROARRAY (cDNA Microarray를 이용한 구강편평세포암종 세포주에서 $Taxol^{(R)}$과 Cyclosporin A로 유도된 유전자 발현양상)

  • Kim, Yong-Kwan;Lee, Jae-Hoon;Kim, Chul-Hwan
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
    • /
    • v.28 no.3
    • /
    • pp.202-212
    • /
    • 2006
  • It is well-known that paclitaxel($Taxol^{(R)}$), which is extracted from the pacific and English yew, has been used as a chemotherapeutic agent for ovarian carcinoma and advanced breast carcinoma and Cyclosporin A, which is highly lipophilic cyclic peptide and isolated from a fungus, has been also used as an useful immunosuppressive drug after transplantation and is associated with cellular apoptosis. Since 1953, in which James Watson, Rosalind Franklin and Francis Crick discovered the double helical structure of DNA, a few kinds of techniques for identifying gene expression have been developed. In postgenomic period, many of researchers have used the DNA microarray which is high throughput screening technique to screen large numbers of gene expression simultaneously. In this study, we searched and screened the gene expression in the oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines treated with $Taxol^{(R)}$, cyclosporin or cyclosporin combined with $Taxol^{(R)}$ using cDNA microarray. The results were as following; 1. It was useful that the appropriate concentration of Cyclosporin A and $Taxol^{(R)}$ used in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line was under 1${\mu}g/ml$ and 3${\mu}g/ml$. 2. In the experimental group in which $Taxol^{(R)}$ and $Taxol^{(R)}$ + Cyclosporin A were used, the cell growth was extremely decreased. 3. In the group in which Cyclosporin A was used, the MTT assay was rarely decreased which means the activity of succinyl dehydrogenase is remained in mitochondria but in the group in which the mixture of Cyclosporin A and $Taxol^{(R)}$ were used, the MTT assay was extremely decreased. 4. In the each group in which Cyclosporin A(3 ${\mu}g/ml$) and $Taxol^{(R)}$(1 ${\mu}g/ml$) were used, the cell arrest was appeared in $G_2/M$ phase and in the group in which $Taxol^{(R)}$(3 ${\mu}g/ml$) was used, the cell arrest was appeared in both S phase and $G_2/M$ phase. 5. In the oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line treated with $Taxol^{(R)}$, several genes including ANGPTL4, RALBP1 and TXNRD1, associated with apoptosis, SUI1, MAC30, RRAGA and CTGF, related with cell growth, HUS1 and DUSP5, related with cell cycle and proliferation, ATF4 and CEBPG, associated with transcription factor, BTG1 and VEGF, associated with angiogenesis, FDPS, FCER1G, GPA33 and EPHA4 associated with signal transduction and receptor activity and AKR1C2 and UGTA10 related with carcinogenesis were detected in increased levels. The genes that showed increaced expression in the oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line treated with Cyclosporin A were CYR61, SERPINB2, SSR3 and UPA3A which are known as genes associated with cell growth, carcinogenesis, receptor activity and transcription factor. The genes expressed in the HN22 cell line treated with cyclosporin combined with $taxol^{(R)}$ were ALCAM and GTSE1 associated with cancer invasiveness and cell cycle regulation.

The Effect of the Serum Progesterone and Estradiol Levels of hCG Administration Day on the Pregnancy and Fertilization Rate in IVF-ET Patients (체외수정 과배란 유도에서 hCG 주사 당일의 혈청 Progesterone과 Estradiol 농도가 수정율 및 임신율에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Eun-Sook;Lee, Sang-Hoon;Bae, Do-Hwan
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
    • /
    • v.23 no.1
    • /
    • pp.51-59
    • /
    • 1996
  • Controlled Ovarian hyperstimulation(COH) is generally used to obtain synchronous high quality oocytes in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET). Many investigators have studied the relationship between serum hormone levels and outcomes of IVF-ET because there is no accurate estimation method of oocyte quality. Early premature luteinization of follicles before oocyte retrieval is the most troublesome problem in COH for IVF-ET. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists(GnRH-a) are used as adjuncts with gonadotropins for COH in patients undergoing in IVF. The possible benefits of GnRH-a pretreatment include improving oocyte quality, allowing a more synchronous cohort of follicles to be recruited, and preventing premature lueinization hormone surges. In COH of IVF cycles, we investigated whether an elevated progesterone(P4) level on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG) administration indicates premature luteinization and is associated with a lower fertilization rate. Many investigators have studied that the lower fertilization rates seen in patients with elevated P4 levels might result from an adverse effect of P4 on the oocytes. We hypothesizes that serum P4 levels around the day of hCG may be helpful prediction of out come in IVF-ET cycles. Success rates after COH of IVF-ET cycles are dependent upon many variable factors. Follicular factors including the number of follicles, follicular diameters and especially serum estradiol(E2) levels as an indirect measurement of follicular function and guality have been thought to influence the outcomes of IVF-ET. To assess whether serum P4 and E2 levels affect the fertilization and pregnancy rate, we reviewed the stimulation cycles of 113 patients (119 cycles) undergoing IVF-ET with short protocol with GnRH-a, from March 1993 to August 1994 retrospectively. The serum P4 and E2 levels were compared on the day of hCG in the pregnant group, 45 patients(47 cycles) and in the non-pregnant group, 68 patients (72 cycles) respectively. The serum E2 level in non-pregnant group was $1367{\pm}875.8$ pg/ml which was significantly lower than that of pregnant group, $1643{\pm}987.9$ pg/ml( p< 0.01 ). And the serum P4 level in non-pregnant group was $2.1{\pm}1.4$ ng/ml which was significantly higher than that of pregnant group, $1.0{\pm}0.7$ ng/ml( p< 0.001 ). The fertilization rate was $61.3{\pm}21.3%$ in pregnant group which was higher than that of non-pregnant group, $41.1{\pm}20.2%$ (p< 0.01). We suggest that the serum levels of P4 and E2 on the day of hCG administration are additional parameters that predict the outcomes of IVF-ET cycles.

  • PDF

Profiles of microRNAs in Mice Follicles According to Gonadotropins during in vitro Culture (생쥐 난포의 체외배양 중 생식샘자극호르몬에 따른 미세리보핵산 발현 양상)

  • Kim, Yong-Jin;Ku, Seung-Yup;Kim, Yoon-Young;Oh, Sun-Kyung;Kim, Seok-Hyun;Choi, Young-Min;Moon, Shin-Yong
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
    • /
    • v.36 no.4
    • /
    • pp.265-274
    • /
    • 2009
  • Objective: MicroRNAs (miR) are known to repress target genes at post-transcriptional level and play important roles in development and maturation of cell. However, the expression profiles of miR during ovarian follicle maturation have not been fully elucidated. Here, we designed this study to investigate the expression profiles of miR in oocytes and granulose cells (G-cells) after in vitro culture according to gonadotropins and adding hCG. Methods: Ovaries from 12-day-old mice (C57BL6) were removed and preantral follicles were isolated and cultured in $20\;{\mu}L$-drop of culture media with supplementation of either rFSH, rLH, or rFSH+rLH. After their full maturation, follicles were incubated with rhCG and rEGF. RNA was isolated from oocytes and G-cells, and real-time PCR were performed with primers of miR known to be expressed in the mouse ovary (mmu-miR-16, -miR-27a, -miR-126, -miR-721). Results: FSH+LH group showed the highest ovulation and MII rates among gonadotropin groups. The profiles of miRs in oocytes and G-cells differed according to gonadotropin groups and adding hCG. The profiles of miRs showed divergent changes between oocytes and G-cells. Conclusion: miR expression profiles are altered by gonadotropins and supplementation of hCG during in vitro maturation of murine follicles. Target gene study must be necessary to validate these findings.