• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.35-51
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• 2006

The purpose of the present study was to identify variables for predicting types of outsiders and possible mitigating factors in bullying situations. Participants were 344 $5^{th}$, $6^{th}$ and $7^{th}$ grade students(159 boys and 185 girls). Involvement of outsiders in bullying was examined by proportion. Major findings were that; (1) Over half of the sample(65.4%) were involved in bullying by either actively reinforcing(bully-followers; 6.4%) or passively observing(bystanders; 59.0%); 34.6% were defenders of victims. (2) Multiple discriminant analysis yielded a function of 3 variables(empathy, risk burden, and prosocial moral reasoning) that was effective in classifying bully-followers, bystanders, and victim-defenders. Empathy and prosocial moral reasoning predicted victim-defenders and risk burden predicted bully-followers and bystanders.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.17-32
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• 2015

The purpose of the present study was to explore the stability and changes of participant roles in the bullying process, namely, bullies, victims, followers, outsiders, and defenders. In addition, this study examined associated environmental characteristics of both followers and defenders in sixth graders among peer bystanders in the fifth grade. The participants consisted of 461 children from grades 5 to 6(male: 239, female: 222). Data were collected at one year intervals for two data points. The results indicated a moderate consistency in the participant roles the children take across time. Followers and outsiders tended to change differently in their roles one year later. On the other hand, defenders, bullies, and victims tended to keep the same role. The defenders group generally had higher levels of peer attachment, teacher attachment and community's supervision than the followers group. The implications for future research and intervention in bullying were also discussed.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.77-106
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• 2023

The DPP's victory over the KMT in Taiwan's 2020 elections has been interpreted as a triumph for anti-China sentiment. However, the rise of political outsiders and their influence on voting behavior in this election were overlooked and underestimated. In this article, we examined different sources of data and found that supporters of these political outsiders mentioned sovereignty and cross-Strait issues less than the incumbent Tsai Ing-wen. However, when faced with the choice between Tsai and challenger Han Kuo-yu, voters who were concerned about governance chose Tsai, contributing to her winning a record number of votes. This article suggests that economic and governance issues had a considerable role in the election's result and will probably be the main focus of the 2024 presidential election. With the potential for a conflict in the Taiwan Strait increasing, anti-China sentiment is unlikely to be the deciding factor this time around.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1998.10b
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• pp.122.1-122
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• 1998

No Abstract, See Full Text

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.51-63
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• 2020

This study analyzed newspaper reports in the United States and South Korea that focused on Parasite's unprecedented performance at the 2020 Academy Awards. The research focused on the power relationship between 'the established and the outsiders (Elias & Scotson, 1994)' as represented by the Academy Awards and Parasite, respectively. Qualitative content analysis and text analysis were conducted to examine the reporting of American and South Korean newspapers and illuminate three aspects of the power relations between the Academy Awards and Parasite. Three major findings were derived. First, the Academy traditionally has a reputation for marginalizing films with a non-English or Asian background, but recognition of Parasite at the 92nd ceremony changed the Academy's established position of power. Second, historically, the Academy Awards had been characterized by a group charisma that exerts stigmatization (through an English-oriented policy and language stigmatization) and accords North American films priority over non-English movies. Lastly, the reports of newspapers in the two countries are generally similar, but the Korean articles internalized the individual, society, and the state.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.249-267
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• 2014

An outsider's perspective is often illuminating and enlightening, as he or she perceives the world differently from us, and sees things that insiders tend to miss. While an outsider's views are fresh and penetrating, an insider's vision is often banal and myopic. Although outsiders' perspectives may not be quite right at times, they always shed light and provide insight, allowing us to reevaluate the conventional interpretations of our literature and folktales. In order to prevent our own understanding and knowledge from growing stale and narrow-minded, we should endeavor to consider outsiders' opinions and view all things from multiple angles. When reading literary or cultural texts, therefore, we need to read through others' eyes because it provides alternative perspectives. And we should learn to co-exist with others and see things from others' eyes. In his celebrated novel, My Name Is Red, Orhan Pamuk, the Turkish Nobel Laureate, explores the themes of clashes between the East and the West, the young and the old, and conservatism and radicalism. The confrontation between the stubborn defenders of tradition and the self-righteous innovators ultimately results in bigotry, hatred and murder. As Pamuk aptly perceives in his novel, the inevitable outcome of such uncompromising conflict is degradation of humanity and annihilation of human civilization. That is precisely why we need to embrace others who are different from us and learn to look through others' eyes. Sometimes, we fear other voices and different perspectives. As the movie "The Others" suggests, however, there is no reason for us to be afraid of others.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.215-261
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• 2024

In the 1960s, the Aoheng, a small tribal group with immense territories on the upper Mahakam River, began out-migrating to downstream settlements in search of better living conditions. A trickle of young men, then their families, and more sizable groups, they settled in various towns along the river. In Samarinda, the provincial capital, they came to form a community of several hundred. When the powerful forest product boom (c. 1990) for the P. R. China market opened up the hinterland to extractive ventures, many Aoheng returned home to protect their rich natural resources from forceful outsiders. After 1998, decentralization policies established scores of new provinces, regencies, and districts across the country. Soon, West-Kutai was created as the interior "Dayak" regency, upstream and autonomous from the Moslem-Malay coastal regions. Coal mining and oilpalm plantations massively intensified, while Sendawar, its capital, offered hundreds of civil-service jobs and business opportunities. In 2012, West-Kutai was split to create yet another regency, Upper-Mahakam, prompting robust Aoheng reflux/return moves toward its upstream capital, Ujoh-Bilang. Already open to wild-frontier-style inroads by outsiders, it will soon be flooded by industrial ventures. The Aoheng, bound to become a minority in their own district, are struggling to defer their inevitable final dissolution.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.67-80
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• 2005

In these days, international Ubiquitous Cities are being developed in many places, and their settings, aims, designs, organizations, and functionality differ among many different kinds of solutions and systems. This paper has been based on quantitative and qualitative research, and used lots of relevant data and information. Even though Ubiquitous cities are generally conceived as local information infrastructures and as a means for enhancing democratic participation, users primarily appreciate it as a tool for communication. We also observed among others, how cyberspace reproduces the dynamics of established and outsiders, which inclines us to think that virtual public is not as open as is often claimed. However, Ubiquitous cities will always offer you more comfortable life than ever from now on.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.111-117
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• 2019

It is true that early Chosun's sports meeting was influenced by Japan and the West. However, the positive nature of Chosun's sports meeting development cannot be underestimated just because it was influenced by the outsiders. It is remarkable achievement for those enlightened people at those time to promote and influenced Korean people to strengthened their nationalistic and patriotic spirit through sports meetings.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.12 no.2 s.29
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• pp.88-105
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• 2006

Entering into the new millennium, the Korean wine market has recorded the highest growth rate among the domestic alcoholic beverage market and been recognized as a rapidly emerging market with further escalation potential. Responding to the current drastic escalation of Korean wine market in terms of its volume, the present study scrutinizes the considerable wine-selection attributes that are related to individual wine consumer‘s characteristics including demographic variables. These attributes are also expected to be precursors of wine consumers‘ satisfaction. ANOVA results suggest that each demographical variable-gender, age, income level, and the frequency of wine consumption-pertains to specific wine-selection attribute(s). Likewise, wine consumers‘ characteristics are also associated with those attributes. As wine consumers are experienced, they rely less on information; rather, their selections tend to be dependent upon quality, value, contexts, and preferences. The subsequent multiple-regression investigating the relationship between wine-selection attributes and satisfaction signifies that quality, contexts, and preference attributes are the substantial antecedents of wine consumers‘ satisfaction. When consumers purchase a wine, "information on purchase" was the most important criterion for the Newcomers and the Outsiders, while the Connoisseurs mainly depended on "marketability", "wine values" and "viticulture environment". "Preference" attributes influenced the Aspirants the most in buying decision. The Newcomers and the Outsiders need more information before deciding to purchase as their wine knowledge was very limited. The Connoisseurs were likely to consider the quality as a more important factor than the price and it is necessary to develop high quality wine at a reasonable price in order to attract this group.