• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.276-287
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 고등학생들의 과학 경험의 정도를 정량화하는 측정 도구를 제시하는 것이다. 측정 도구를 구성하는 요인들은 선행연구를 통해 학교 안 과학 경험은 일반 활동 경험, 과학 탐구 경험, 실험 기구 경험으로 나눌 수 있었다. 학교 밖 과학 경험은 일반 활동 경험, 취미 활동 경험, 현장 견학 경험으로 세분화 할 수 있었다. 각각의 요인을 구성하는 문항은 선행연구에서 사용된 과학 경험 측정 도구에서 일부를 발췌하고 더불어 과학 경험에 대한 개방적인 설문지를 통하여 얻은 답변 중 빈도가 많은 답변과 중등 교과서의 탐색적 분석을 통해 선정하였다. 사전 설문조사와 선행 연구를 바탕으로 개발한 측정 도구는 예비 검사를 실시한 후, 고등학교 1학년 학생 413명을 대상으로 검사를 실시하였다. 개발한 측정 도구의 내용타당도는 현직 중등교사 2명과 과학교육전문가 2명이 각 문항이 측정하고자 하는 목적에 부합하는지 검사하였고, 구인타당도는 요인분석을 통해 검사하였다. 측정 도구의 신뢰도는 Cronbach $\alpha$를 통하여 추정하였다. 측정 도구 6개 영역의 요인에 대하여 타당도와 신뢰도 분석 결과 과학 경험을 측정하는 도구로서 적절한 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.20-27
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• 2013

This research examined the elementary students' level of motivation to learn science and analyzed correlation between scientific experiences and the motivations to learn science. 216 of elementary students in the 5th grade and 207 of elementary students in the 6th grade were surveyed with questionnaire composed of Likert criteria and scientific motivation questionnaire(SMQ), and the results were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 statistics program. The results of this research are as following : First, elementary school students' level of scientific experiences appeared quite low, and boys appeared to have more scientific experiences than girls. For more specific areas, the experiences were more from outside of school rather than inside, and experiences from science class. Second, elementary students' level of motivation to learn science stood relatively high, and boys showed higher level of motivation to learn science than girls. For more specific areas, the level of motivation from internal motivation area was the highest and the lowest was that from the area of anxiety about exams. Third, the scientific experiences and motivation to learn science showed highly static correlation. Experiences both from inside and outside of the school were significantly correlated to the motivation to learn science, and those from outside of the school had higher correlation with the motivation to learn science. Therefore, the scientific experiences should be recognized to play an important role for improvement of the level of motivation to learn science, and the efforts should be made to provide the elementary students with high-quality scientific experiences to develop their level of motivation to learn science.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.299-309
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• 2022

이 연구는 초등 예비교사들의 기억 속 긍정적 과학 경험 사례를 질적 분석하여 긍정적 과학 경험의 구체적인 요인과 특징을 범주화하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 초등 예비교사들이 '나의 즐거웠던 과학 수업 경험'을 주제로 쓴 에세이 101편을 분석하였다. 수집된 자료는 귀납적 분석법을 이용해 분석하였고, 그 결과 초등 예비교사의 기억 속 긍정적 과학 경험 사례의 특징은 4개의 범주, 12개의 주제 묶음으로 범주화 되었다. 구체적으로 장기간의 동·식물 기르기 및 관찰, 먹을 수 있는 소재를 활용한 실험, 특별한 실험 도구 사용과 같이 '특별한 소재를 이용한 탐구 활동 경험'이 긍정적 과학 경험에 영향을 주었다. 또한 관찰 활동 중시, 명확한 실험 결과가 동반되는 실험, 만들기 활동의 병행, 다양한 자료 활용과 같이 '과학 탐구를 강조한 활동 경험'도 긍정적 과학 경험에 영향을 주는 요인으로 나타났다. 뿐만 아니라 학생 자율성 강화, 학생 간 협업 강조, 교과수업 외 과학 활동 수행 등 '학생 중심 활동 경험'도 긍정적 과학 경험에 영향을 주었다. 마지막으로 교사의 격려와 열정과 같이 '교사의 긍정적 영향'도 과학을 긍정적으로 인식하는데 도움을 주었다.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2004

No educational provision for the gifted and talented works in a cultural vacuum, and this is as true for out-of-school activities as for what happens in school itself. There is evidence that excellence in children's achievements can come from widely differing special provision or from no special provision at all. Cultural influences affect attitudes as to who might be gifted and talented and what might be done for them. Whatever the size and influence of special centres anywhere, there is always overlap between in-school and out-of-school activities. For all styles of provision, cooperation between the two is a vital aspect of success. The major cultural dichotomy in this field is between the perception, usually found in the Far East that 'most children have gifted potential' and the largely Western view that 'few children have gifted potential'. It is safe to say that children who are selected for aptitude and ability, and who are keen to learn, will get more from special enrichment than those who of equal potential who have not had that experience. But this does not necessarily show the provision as the best possible method for enhancing gifts and talents. In fact, I do not know of a single scientific investigation, either cross-culturally or within one country, which compares any aspect of an out-of-school programme with another. As a result it is hard to say what type of provision would be most appropriate and effective in any given situation. Outcomes are also dependent on the enthusiasm, organisation and money put into any scheme - as well as the way youngsters are chosen for it. Some of the largest and most influential out-of-school American institutions were founded on the psychological understanding of human abilities that was current in the 1920s. These early influences of seeking an IQ cut-off point (or equivalent) to identify the gifted still affect their practice. in addition, the big American Talent Searches so often select youngsters for summer-schools not only by their high-level achievements, but also by their parent's ability to pay the sometimes high fees. Opinions about the identification of the brightest children and consequential educational practice underlie all provision for their education, whether in or outside school hours. Because of cross-cultural differences, it would not seem wise to copy any action directly from one culture to another without recognising these influences and possibly modifying the model. The growing trend around the world is to offer high-level opportunities to as many youngsters as possible, so that no keen learner is turned away without even a change of sampling them.