• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.427-431
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• 2001

An on-line refractometer made of easily obtainable materials is built to determine the concentration of an alcohol solution, and its performance is examined by applying to the system of ethanol and water. Since the refractive index and the temperature are measured simultaneously, it is possible to compensate the effect of temperature which is not available with an existing on-line refeactometer. Therefore, it can be implemented in the application of process control. The experimental outcome indicates that the home-made refractometer has satisfactory reproducibility and reasonable accuracy for the industrial application.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.276-283
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• 2012

In this study, it was studies the utilization of LIT(lock-in infrared thermography) which can detect defects in welded parts of ship and offshore structures. Quantitative analysis was used through methods of filtering and texture measurement of image processing techniques to find the optimized experimental condition. We verified reliability in our methods by applying image processing techniques in order to normalize evaluations of comparative images that show phase difference. In addition, low to mid exposure showed good results whereas high exposure did not provide significant results in regards to intensity of light exposure on surface. Lock-in frequency was satisfactory around 0.1 Hz regardless of intensity of light source we had. In addition, having the integration time of thermography camera inversely proportional to intensity of exposed light source during the experiment allowed good outcome of results.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.60 no.7
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• pp.1391-1395
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• 2011

In this paper, would implement a transceiver for the visible light communication that based on wireless communication driving technology for LED illumination-based infrared ray communication, and measurement analyzed a design error rate of a transceiver variable rate has made about distance change -2.5m. The error rate measured a voltage variable along illuminate change between switchable circumstances, which has illuminated insight and outright. Each analyzed and measurement on the communication distance errors along the differences of disturbance light between night and days. The LED module has implemented for number of 6 through illumination dimming in case of different values. Also, implementation for the system module of a VLC transceiver based on the infrared sensors which used feedback outcome value has analyzed with error rate.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09a
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• pp.344-345
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• 2006

The linear intercept (LI) method was used to quantitatively measure the intercepts of WC grains in nano-grained WC-10Co hardmetal. When the surveyed intercept numbers of WC grain exceeded 200, the statistic data for the mean grain size of WC were reproduced. The discriminative minimal grain size of used LI method was 12 nm; the maximum intercept of WC grain was 109 nm; the average intercept of WC grains was 45 nm and the corresponding 3D mean grain size of WC was 70 nm which is agreeable with the XRD outcome.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 1986

The main purpose of this study was to clarify the validity with patient's general background of Korean Pain Measurement tool. The subjects of this study were 195 patient from the 8 Med-Surgical wards in H. University Hospital in Seoul. The study was conducted over a 40 day period from Oct. 5, 1985 to Nov. 15, 1985. All patients had pain. Korean Pain Measurement tool and simple discriptive pain scale as Graphic Rating Scale were used to measure the pain, The Pearson Correlation Coefficient test was exercised to measure the correlation between the two kinds of pain tools. To clarify the Sensitivity of Korean Pain tool was used frequency with patient's response. To compare the difference in Pain levels with patient's general background, ANOVA and t-test was employed. To compare the difference in pain levels existed due to pain area of the body used mean numbers. The outcome of the study was as follows : 1. A positive correlation did exist between two pain measurement tools. (r=.2028∼.7768, p ＜0.002) 2. The sensitive subclass in Korean Pain Measurement tools was 7 subclass. The 7 subclass are inflammatory repeated pain, simple stimulating, traction pressure, dull pain, cavity pain, digestion related pain, suffering. related pain. 3. The existence of levels of pain in accordance with patient's general background, the department of hospital, pain area of the body and school age was supported. Age, sex, religion, marrital status, economic status, acute or chronic status was not supported. 4. The existence of higher pain levels of the body area was anus, chest, and lower pain levels of the body area was eye, ear, nose and throat. Based on the above results, it was found that sensitive subclasses of the Korean Pain Measurement tool was 7 subclass among all of 20 subclass. Thus it can be concluded that Korean Pain Mea-surement tool when partialy used and supplemented, can be an effective tool of pain measurement for the patient in Korea.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.18
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• pp.8513-8517
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• 2016

Background: GLOBOCAN12 recently reported high cancer mortality in Malaysia suggesting its cancer health services are under-performing. Cancer survival is a key index of the overall effectiveness of health services in the management of patients. This report focuses on Subang Jaya Medical Centre (SJMC) care performance as measured by patient survival outcome for up to 5 years. Materials and Methods: All women with breast cancer treated at SJMC between 2008 and 2012 were enrolled for this observational cohort study. Mortality outcome was ascertained through record linkage with national death register, linkage with hospital registration system and finally through direct contact by phone or home visits. Results: A total of 675 patients treated between 2008 and 2012 were included in the present survival analysis, 65% with early breast cancer, 20% with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) and 4% with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). The overall relative survival (RS) at 5 years was 88%. RS for stage I was 100% and for stage II, III and IV disease was 95%, 69% and 36% respectively. Conclusions: SJMC is among the first hospitals in Malaysia to embark on routine measurement of the performance of its cancer care services and its results are comparable to any leading centers in developed countries.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.113-128
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• 2015

As the major developed countries of the world have realized the importance of common information and its utilization, they have begun to seek a plan that will facilitate manipulation of common information. Despite development of the National R&D activities and its quantitative increase in Korea, its practical use still remains at a lower level. Therefore, it is worthwhile to analyze practical use and economic contribution in order to achieve higher profits. There are two purposes of this study. The first purpose is to draw a conclusion by analyzing the practical uses of the National R&D Reports, and the second purpose is to evaluate economic contributions by the National R&D Reports. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, literature review, survey, focus group interview, and experts' consultation were conducted as a way to deepen research, simultaneously comprising the quantitative and qualitative methods.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2018

In this study, a correlation between execution of quality management activities and their results was verified by applying the Malcolm Baldrige model (hereafter referred to as the MB model) as a quality management performance measurement indicator for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in South Korea. To achieve this goal, we need to determine whether the categorical requirements in the MB model are recognized consistently in SMEs, as a prerequisite. To this end, factor analysis was conducted for measurement variables in each category, which revealed that the process indicator was made up of six factors and the outcome indicator was made up of five factors, like those configured in the MB model. This result can be interpreted to mean that the requirements in each category of the MB model were well produced and recognized consistently throughout SMEs in South Korea. In addition, the analysis of causality between the process indicator (quality management activities) and the outcome indicator (management results) showed high causality between them. Although the quality management levels of SMEs in South Korea are inferior to those of conglomerates or other national quality award-winning companies, this study is significant in that the causality between quality management activities and results was verified, since this study targeted SMEs in South Korea as the target of investigation. Thus, it is empirically proven that the MB model can contribute to improved management results for SMEs in Korea.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.84 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 2021

Background: Pleurodesis fails in 10%-40% of patients with recurrent malignant pleural effusions malignant pleural effusion and dyspnea. This study aimed to assess the values of pleural elastance (P_EL) after the aspiration of 500 mL of pleural fluid and their relation to the pleurodesis outcome, and to compare the pleurodesis outcome with the chemical characteristics of pleural fluid. Methods: A prospective study was conducted in Kasr El-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, during the period from March 2019 to January 2020. The study population consisted of 40 patients with malignant pleural effusion. The measurement of P_EL after the aspiration of 500 mL of fluid was done with "P_EL 0.5" (cm H₂O/L), and the characteristics of the pleural fluid were chemically and cytologically analyzed. Pleurodesis was done and the patients were evaluated one month later. The P_EL values were compared with pleurodesis outcomes. Results: After 4-week of follow-up, the success rate of pleurodesis was 65%. The P_EL 0.5 was significantly higher in failed pleurodesis than it was in successful pleurodesis. A cutoff point of P_EL 0.5 >14.5 cm H₂O/L was associated with pleurodesis failure with a sensitivity and specificity of 93% and 100%, respectively. The patients with failed pleurodesis had significantly lower pH levels in fluid than those in the successful group (p<0.001). Conclusion: P_EL measurement was a significant predictor in differentiating between failed and successful pleurodesis. The increase in acidity of the malignant pleural fluid can be used as a predictor for pleurodesis failure in patients with malignant pleural effusion.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.137-156
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of taking herbal medicine for the postpartum lactation. Methods: We searched 9 databases for recent three years, that contained four english, two chinese, one japanese and two korean database from September 17, 2016 to December 31, 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were eligible. Measurement of outcome included total curative effective rate, volume of lactation, volume of milk supplement, and serum prolactin concentration. The risk of bias was assessed by two independent authors using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: Total 725 of studies was screened, 11 RCTs were finally selected. Number of participants per study ranged from 60 to 257. The treatment group of taking a herbal medicine is effective for improving total curative effective rate, volume of lactation, volume of milk supplement, and serum prolactin concentration compared with control group. Because most of the studies had considerable heterogeneity in terms of type of intervention and comparison for outcome measurement, meta analysis for quantitative analysis was impossible. Conclusions: This studies showed that taking a herbal medicine is effective on increasing volume of lactation and speeding up the start of the first breastfeeding. However, included studies suffered from incomplete reporting, high or unclear risk of bias and substantial heterogeneity between studies. In the Future, further high-quality RCTs are needed to prove effectiveness of herbal medicine for breastfeeding and reduce the risk of bias.