• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.765-774
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• 2006

이 연구의 목적은 과학적 문제발견 능력을 신장시키기 위한 수업 방향을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위해서 연구 대상자들은 협동 활동과 개별 활동을 통해 낮게 구조화된 과학적 문제 상황에서의 문제발견 과제를 수행하였으며, 문제발견 활동에 대한 심층적인 분석을 하였다. 분석 결과, 협동 문제발견 활동은 '문제 상황 탐색', '기존 지식 및 경험 표출', '잠정적 문제의 적절성 논의', '다양한 문제 생성', '최선의 문제 선택'의 다섯 단계를 거치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 협동 문제발견 활동은 기존 지식이나 직간접 경험에 크게 의존하며, 문제 상황과 관련된 다양한 과학적 개념이 자연스럽게 표출되는 것으로 나타났다. 협동 활동을 통해 발견된 문제에 대한 창의성 요소 점수와 독창적 문제선택에 대한 일치 정도는 대체로 높은 편으로 나타났다. 또한 열린 문제 상황에서 발견된 문제의 유형이 닫힌 상황보다 더 다양한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 학생들은 문제발견 활동이 과학적 개념이나 사고력 및 탐구 능력을 신장시키는데 긍정적인 영향을 준 것으로 인식하고 있었다. 따라서 교사는 첫째, 문제발견에 필요한 지식이나 정보를 탐색할 수 있는 교육적 환경을 조성해야 한다. 둘째, 과학 지식과 경험의 폭을 넓힐 수 있는 다양한 기회를 제공해야 한다. 셋째, 학생들의 지식과 경험을 자유롭게 표출할 수 있는 수업 분위기를 조성해야 한다.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.27-47
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• 2017

Smart devices have a variety of affordances to foster meaningful learning in elementary school. For the design of smart learning environments, more research is needed to understand students' smart device usage and their perception of learning with smart devices. In order to capture smart device usage profiles among elementary school students in South Korea, this study carried out Latent Profile Analysis with three constructs: information search, communication, and study. Participants (n=253), who ranged from the fourth to the sixth grade students, were classified into three profiles of smart device usage: low-activity, communication, and high-activity groups. The smart device usage profiles varied depending on smartphone usage experience, and the profiles were significantly related with smart device addiction, not with smart device usage ability. Perceptions of smart education were also significantly associated with the profiles. The high-activity group showed more positive attitudes toward smart education than the others, but no significant difference was found in regard to negative attitudes. Based on the findings, this study discussed implications for the use of smart devices in elementary school.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.958-972
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze on high school teachers' stage of concern(SoC) on 'Creative-Experience Activity' in 2009 revised national curriculum and investigate the improvements of their levels. The subjects for this study were 234 high school teachers through out all part of the Korea country. The instrument for this study was developed according to the Hall & Hord(2006)'s stage of concerns questionnaire of Stage of Concern. The Data were analyzed by Profiling of teachers' concern and one-way ANOVA. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, 85.25% of the high school teachers were in stage of Awareness. 6.34% of teachers were in stage of Information. Most of high school teachers' concern about 'Creative-Experience Activity' was generally 'non-user' stage that unconcerned. Second, there were not significant differences in teachers' stage of concern according to their sex and teaching career except for region. In region, the teacher in metropolis tent to interest getting new information than small and midium size city. We need to make an effort to transfer from 'non-user' stage to 'early-user' stage of and 'impact' stage. To do so, we may sublate too much curriculum revise and start teacher training for 2009 revised 'creativity-experience activity' curriculum. The result of the study provide that there are not curriculum implementation success without teachers' concern about revised curriculum.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.53-66
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• 2003

This study analysed the result of a survey answered by 120 technology teachers and 360 students from 357 middle schools in Seoul to find out the actual state of safety accidents during technology education activity course in the middle school class and safety awareness of the teachers and students. The result shows that many safety accidents happen during technology education activity course in the middle school class. However, most teachers and students have experienced safety accidents or dangerous situations more than once a year. Technology teachers had very low awareness on the states of retaining safety equipments. On the other hand, they were well aware of the importance of safety, including the actual states of safety education, knowledge of safety, and the will to join safety education. Therefore, safety awareness of technology teachers should be reinforced by the extension of safety training and the improvement of safe environments.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.47-57
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• 1998

This thesis is a research to develop mathematical problems related to every day life, and to apply to mathematical extracurricular activity. The conclusions are as followings; (1) The materials of mathematical extracurricular activity totaling 34 hours' class time were developed and its theaching methods were thought out. (2) Through studying the mathematical problems related to everyday life, we could create a lively atmosphere in the classroom. (3) Through studying the mathematical problems related to everyday life, we could change the learning attitude of students affirmatively and make the students solve the problems for themselves. (4) We could try to build up to the management of mathematical extracurricular activity.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.122-128
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• 2001

This study was carried out to evaluate antitoxic effects of Houttuynia cordata extract on cadmium by colorimetric methods. The antitoxic activity ofc in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts was evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) and SRB (sulforhodamine B protein) assays. The light microscopic study was carried out to observe morphological changes of the treated cells. The concentration of 10-2 mg/ml of Houttuynia cordata extract was shown significant antitoxic activity. The number of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts were antitoxic and tend to regenerate. These results suggest that the ethyl acetate extract of Houttuynia cordata retains a potential antitoxic activity.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.195-205
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate the time spent, activity coefficient and energy expenditure on 7 different types of activity. Total of 386 5th and 6th grade primary school boys and girls in Seoul participated in this study. The participants spent 8 hrs for rest, 4 hrs for out of school study, 3 hrs for leisure, 1 hr 45 mins. for hygiene, 1 hr for commute, and 15 mins. for house choir activity in the day of 6 class hours. The average activity coefficient of 1 day for boys and girls were 1.69 and 1.64, respectively. The TEEs were 2,382 kcal and 2,050 kcal for boys and girls, respectively. The energy cost for study related activity (in school and study activities) was 40% of the TEE, and for rest 20%, for commute 9%, and for hygiene 10% of the TEE. The energy cost for house choir was only about 2% of TEE. The 91.2% participant's EER was higher than the EER shown in the table of 2010 DRI for Koreans. When the participant's EER was compared with the energy allowance calculated by the method in 2000 RDA for Korean, 81.6% was in the range of ${\pm}5%$, and the correlation coefficients between the 2 values were 0.981 for boys and 0.978 for girls, which means high agreements.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.12-25
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• 2006

This research is carried out to investigate what factors affect high school students' environmental friendly activities iii Kwangyang and Suncheon. Questionnaire Survey was conducted with second-year students each three high schools in Kwangyang and Suncheon areas. Major research results were as follows; 1. High school students' environmental friendly activities were strongly affected by those behaviors of their parents. 2. High school students' environmental friendly activities were strongly affected by school environmental educations. 3. High school students' environmental friendly activities were affected by environmental factors of home, society and school. According to the above result I'd like to suggest inter-related environmental education between home and school and society, some devices which could strengthen the parents' environmental friendly activities, and systematic school environmental education should be conducted.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.471-477
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• 1998

Taq DNA polymerase from Thermus aquaticus is very useful in the polymerase chain reaction. Taq DNA polymerase is classified in the pol I family, represented by E. coli DNA polymerase I. The three-dimensional structural alignment of 3'-5'exonuclease domains from the pol I family DNA polymerases explains why Taq DNA polymerase does not carry out proofreading in polymerase chain reactions. Three sequence motifs, Exo I, II, and III, must exist to carry out 3'-5'exonuclease activity for proof- reading by a 3'-5'exonuclease reaction, but these are abolished in Taq DNA polymerase. The key catalytic module in 3'-5'exonuclease is two metal ions chelated by four active-site carboxylic amino acids. Taq DNA polymerase was mutagenized to construct the catalytic module in the active site. The circular dichroism technique supported the formation of the catalytic module, and the radioactive assay showed that the 3'-5'exonuclease activity doubled in the mutant Taq DNA polymerase.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.138-142
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• 1999

An experiment was carried out to find out the changes in morphology, sugars, and $\alpha$-amylase activity during the priming of rice seeds (Oryza sativa L. cv. ＇Ilpumbyeo＇). For priming, seeds were soaked in -0.6 MPa PEG solution at 15$^{\circ}C$ for 4 days (properly primed) and at $25^{\circ}C$ for 4 and 10 days (over-primed) and dried at room temperature. The size of coleoptile and differentiated leaves of properly primed seeds were bigger and coleoptile was separated from the other part of embryo compared with non-primed and over-primed seeds. As priming of seeds advanced, compound starch grains in the endosperm disintegrated into tiny starch granules, and small holes were found in the tiny starch granules and a cavities developed between embryo and endosperm. The radicle and plumule of properly primed germinating seeds developed faster than non-primed and overprimed germinating seeds. Sucrose, maltose, and raffinose contents of properly primed seeds decreased, while content of glucose and fructose and $\alpha$-amylase activity increased. However, sugar content and $\alpha$-amylase activity of over-primed seeds were lower compared with non-primed seeds or properly primed seeds.