• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.155-163
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• 2016

Objectives : Since the Korean pronunciation of the Mantidis Oothea is not unified, it is necessary to unify pronunciation of this particular herb. According to ancient herbal literature, genuine Mantidis Oothea has been regarded as the product which is attached to mulberry tree. However, all forms of Mantidis Oothea need to be used as a medicinal ingredient. Methods : The current study explores pronunciations of the herbal medicinal names, Collection, and the herbal processes of the Mantidis Oothea. There are approximately about 30 herbal manuals dealing with the Mantidis Oothea after Shen Nong's herbal manual(神農本草經) was published. Results & Conclusions : 1. Sangbicho, Sangpyeojo, Sangpyeocho, and other names have been used as a name of medicinal ingredient for the Mantidis Oothea. 2. The Other names of medicinal ingredient for the Mantidis Oothea were Sik woo, Danglangja(螳螂子), Danglanglan(螳螂卵), Danglangso(螳螂巢), Danglangwa(螳螂窩), Danglanggag(螳螂殼), etc.. 3. The name of medicinal ingredient for the Mantidis Oothea should not be pronounced as Sangpyoso but Sangpyocho. 4. The name of medicinal ingredient for the Mantidis Oothea was originated from a type of the egg case, eating habit, therapy of the Mantidis Oothea and so on. 5. Collecting real thing of The Mantidis Oothea does not really matter whether it is attached to the mulberry tree or not. 6. The herbal processes of the Mantidis Oothea is to kill the eggs, so typical methods were to steam, roast, boil with vinegar and so on. In addition, the main effect seemed to be protection from the diarrhea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.618-624
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• 1998

This study was conducted to standardize ingredient ratios of wooung kimchi. The ingredient ratios of model wooung kimchiwere determined by the survey in Pusan and Kyungnam province and using the literatures including cooking books. Several kinds of wooung kimchi were prepared by adjusting the ingredient ratios fo the model wooung kimchi within standard deviation. The wooung kimchi with different ingredient ratios were fermented for 6 days at 15$^{\circ}C$. The chemical, microbial and sensory properties of the wooung kimchi were investigated. There was little change in pH but the counts of lactic acid bacteria were decreased, as the ratio of pickled anchovy juice became high. The wooung kimchi adding 9.4% pickled anchovy juice obtained high score in appearance and overall acceptability. The counts of lactic acid bacteria were increased in wooung kimchi adding 5% red pepper powder, and there was obtained better result in appearance, texture and overall acceptability than the other groups. The activity, reducing sugar and counts of lactic acid bacteria were increased, as the ratio of glutinous rice paste became high. The wooung kimchi including 6% glutinous rice paste showed the highest score in overall acceptability. The fermentation process of wooung kimchi accelerated, as the ratio of garlic became high. The wooung kimchi adding 3% garlic showed good appearance and acceptability. In addition to these, the addition of 1.3% ginger ehhanced the appearance, texture and overall acceptability fermented anchovy juice, 5.0% red pepper powder, 6.0% glutinous rice paste, 3.0% crushed garlic and 1.3% crushed ginger.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.45-62
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• 2021

Objectives : To study the characteristics and meaning of the division pharmaceutical method in the Donguibogam through analysis of formulas that apply such method. Methods : Each formula applying the division method within the Donguibogam was analyzed Results & Conclusions : In the Donguibogam, medicinals to which the division pharmaceutical method was applied were baizhu[白朮], cangzhu[蒼朮], zhiqiao[枳殼], wuzhuyu[吳茱萸], xiangfuzi[香附子], chuanlianzi[川練子], huangbo[黃柏], etc. Formulas where this method was used were few, while the four methods that were used, together with the Center represents the principle of the five phases. The formulas that applied the division method usually did not adopt the tablet or decoction form, which means they were meant to treat slowly, treating deficiency or stagnation diseases due to problems in the middle-lower body such as the Spleen, Liver and Kidney. It could be said that compared to other more common formulas, this was a unique method. The division pharmaceutical method allows for usage of a wider variety of processing methods compared to single ingredient formulas, while there is lower chance of interference among the different types of processing. Another benefit is that the properties of the main medicinal ingredient could be preserved as much as possible. In addition, the division method allows for the main ingredient and the processed ingredient to interact exclusively, after which the processed medicinal is eliminated leaving only the main ingredient. This allows for maximum improvement of the main ingredient. The division method includes the principles of formula composition as well, whose concept could be positioned between single ingredient formulas and common formulas.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 2010

This article examines the types of tteok (Korean rice cake) recorded in 21 old literatures of the Joseon dynasty (1392-1909) according to its main ingredients. Tteok varieties of the Joseon dynasty were categorized into jjin-tteok, chin-tteok, jijin-tteok, salmeun-tteok and guun-tteok and their changes in cooking method were discussed from the early to late eras of the Joseon dynasty. These can be summarized as follows. In the early, middle and late eras of the Joseon dynasty, there were 1, 15 and 84 kinds of tteok using non-glutinous rice as the main ingredient, and 6, 24 and 120 kinds using glutinous rice, respectively. Tteok using wheat flour was not found in the early Joseon dynasty, whereas 6 and 32 kinds were found in the middle and late eras, respectively. There were 1, 4 and 5 kinds of tteoks using buckwheat, and 5, 11 and 19 kinds using other ingredients such as yam, barley, elephant's ear, oat, and arrowroot flour, in the early, middle and late eras, respectively. The frequency of the main ingredient increased in the order of glutinous rice>non-glutinous rice>wheat flour>other ingredient>buckwheat flour during the Joseon dynasty and the ratio of tteoks using non-glutinous and glutinous rice flours was 1:1.5. The number and types of tteok were noted to increase abruptly throughout the Joseon dynasty. This may be associated with the commercial industrial development that prevailed in the late Joseon dynasty. Further study will be conducted on their recipes and ingredients recorded in these old literatures to develop a standardized recipe for the globalization of tteok.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.525-543
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• 2010

This article examines the types and cooking methods for tteok (Korean rice cake) according to its sub-ingredients, as recorded in 18 old literatures of the Joseon dynasty (1392~1909). The sub-ingredients used in tteok during the Joseon dynasty were categorized into flowers, fruits, vegetables, Korean typical medicinal plants, and others. In the early, middle, and late eras of the Joseon dynasty, one, six, and 14 kinds of tteok were prepared using flowers as the sub-ingredient and two, seven, and 32 kinds of tteok were prepared using fruits, respectively. Three, seven, and 38 kinds of Tteok were prepared using vegetables as the sub-ingredient, while there were three, five and 15 kinds tteok prepared using Korean medicinal plants, respectively. One, five, and 13 kinds of tteok were prepared using other ingredients such as fish and seogi mushrooms in the early, middle, and late eras of the Joseon dynasty, respectively. The types of sub-ingredients and the resulting types of tteok increased throughout the Joseon dynasty, indicating that flowers and vegetables were preferred the most among tteok sub-ingredients. Tteoks using flower as the sub-ingredient, whajeon, were mostly jijin-tteok. The types of tteok and cooking methods using other sub-ingredients were discussed in terms of the type of sub-ingredients and their treatment to prepare tteok. The sub-ingredients were mixed with flour, which was the main ingredient for preparing tteok, or ground and shredded to prepare gomul for decorating and stuffing tteok, respectively. It seemed that the appearance and taste of tteok varied, thereby resulting in nutrient supplementation as the kinds of sub-ingredients increased throughout the Joseon dynasty. We expect that the recipes and ingredients as well as the cooking methods recorded in these old articles will contribute to those looking for a healthy life and, furthermore, to the globalization of tteok.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.27-38
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• 1995

This study was conducted to standardize ingredient ratio and preparation method of mafor traditional special kimchies in kyungsang province, korea. There were about 35 varieties of special kimchi in Kyungsang province. Six varieties of them such as burdock kimchi, wild leek kimchi, green thread onion kimchi, perilla leaf kimchi, Godulbaegi(Korean wild lettuce) kimchi, and red pepper leaf kimchi were selected, because they tasted good and the physiological functions of their main ingredients were excellent. The ingredient ratios of the selected special kimchi were standardized through surveying hereditary preparation of some families in kyungsang province and using the literatures including cooking books. The standardized ingredient ratio of the burdock kimchi was 15.1 pickled anchovy juice, 6.8 red pepper powder, 5.7 garlic, 2.2 ginger, 18.0 rice flour paste, 13.5 green thread onion, and 1.2 sesame seed in proportion to 100 of burdock. The standardized preparation step of the selected special kimchies was similar except some preprocessing methods of main ingredients. The diagonally cut-up burdock ws usually parboiled or soaked in salted water, then it was mixed with the other ingredients. Wild leek and green thread onion were usually pickled with salt or pickled anchovy juice. Sometimes the green thread onion pickled was dried in the sun. General preprocessing of perilla leaf, Korean wild lettuce, and red pepper leaf was soaking them in salted water for about 5-10 days. Sometimes red pepper leaf was heated with steam and dried in the sun, then it was mixed with the other ingredients.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.382-389
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• 2020

"Eating cosmetic" market comes to prominence worldwide. Inner Beauty has established itself as the top trend nowadays and is leading the health functional food market. Another noticeable trend other than beauty-from-within is that products using "plant-based" natural botanical raw material are increasing. Based on these trends above, we have developed a plant extract named Agatri® for skin health using Agastache rugosa. By ingesting Agatri®, it is expected that the formation of skin wrinkles is suppressed, and skin elasticity is increased by suppressing the decrease in collagen content caused by ultraviolet rays. At the same time, it is possible to prevent skin aging by improving skin hydration and trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL). The studies show that it significantly increased production of hyaluronic acid and collagen, and decreased production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). And Agatri® has been approved as an "Individually recognized functional ingredient for skin health by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Korea in 2020. As a result, Agatri® is a good solution for those who are in need of skin protection from exposure to UV and aging.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.800-810
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to characterize the recipes of Hwachae in Korean cookbooks published from the 1600's to 1940's. Methods: We conducted a content analysis of thirteen old cookbooks (Eumsikdimibang, Jubangmun, Jeungbosallimgyeongje, Kyugonyoram, Imwonsibyukji, Gyuhapchongseo, Sieuijeonseo, Buinpilji, Chosunyorijebub, Chosunmusangsinsikyorijebub, Ganpyeonchosunyorijebub, Chosunyori, Chosunyoribub). We collected a total of 99 recipes of Hwachae and analyzed the ingredients used and characteristics of the recipes according to five groups of Hwachae: noodle type Hwachae, dumpling type Hwachae, fruit Hwachae, flower Hwachae, and the others. Results: The noodle type Hwachae included Changmeyon, Smyeon, Nanmyeon, and Waemyeon. Mung bean (81.0%) and Schisandra (95.2%) were mostly employed as solid ingredient and as beverage base, respectively. In the noodle type Hwachae, Wonsobyeong and Sudan belonged to the dumpling type Hwachae, in which mung bean (51.7%) was mostly used as solid ingredient and just water without any additive was used as the most popular beverage base (62.1%) unlike in other types of Hwachae. There were various types of fruit Hwachae, which used different fruits as solid ingredient such as pear, peach, cherry, strawberry, etc. Pears (44.4%) have been employed as the most popular ingredient and sweets such as honey and sugar have been used in all the fruit Hwachae. The flower Hwachae included Hwamyeon, Sunchaehwachae, Jangmihwachae, and Bomhwachae. In all the flower Hwachae, schizandra has been used as a beverage base. Conclusion: These findings provide basic information required for developing standard recipes of traditional Hwachae.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.19-27
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• 2005

Objectives : The antioxidant activities of Yeonkyo-san and its ingredient were investigated for industrial application. Methods : We experimented radical scavenging effect, superoxide dismutase and cytotoxicity effect of various cancer cell. Results : The result were obtained as follows : Primary testing of cytotoxicity of Yeonkyo-san and ingredient was done for G361. B16F10, MDA and A549 cell lines. Yeonkyo-san and ingredient water extract, ethanol extract showed cytotoxicity of over 90% respectively against cell line. The electron donating ability(EDA) of water extract from the Yeonkyo-san was higher than 60%, ethanol extract from the Yeonkyo-san was over 80% at 1000 ppm. The electron donating ability(EDA) of water extract and ethanol extract from the Yeonkyo-san ingredients were increased as well. SOD-like activity was high as 75% in 700 ppm, it was increased. All the other samples showed less than 40% SOD-like activity. Conclusions : The results indicated that water extract and ethanol extract of Yeonkyo-san and ingredient can be used as a natural ingredient with biological functions in cosmetic and food composition.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1456-1463
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• 1998

Kinds of ingredient of Chinese cabbage kimchi were standardized by the sensory evaluation, chemical properties, and functional properties of antimutagenic effect and inhibitory effect on the growth of AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells. The kinds of ingredient in control kimchi from the previous study, but Gueun salt instead of Chunil salt, exhibited better overall acceptability and less moldy smell and moldy flavor than any other kinds of ingredient added chinese cabbage kimchi in the taste. The kimchi showed chemical properties of properly fermented kimchi, pH 4.3 and acidity 0.72% and also contained 1.6 g% reducing sugar and $2.2{\times}10^8\;CFU/mL$ Leuconostoc sp. The juice of standardized kimchi with the above kinds of ingredient showed not only high antimutagenicity (74%) against aflatoxin $B_1$ in Salmonella typhimurium TA100 but also strong inhibitory effect (60%) on the growth of AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells in SRB assay. From the taste, chemical and functional properties, the standardized kinds of ingredient were Youngyang taeyangcho red pepper powder, anchovy juice, Gueun salt, Garak sin 1 ho Chinese cabbage.