• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.103-110
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• 2013

PURPOSES: The objective of this study is to analyze and evaluate the behavior of orthotropic steel bridge deck pavement using three-dimensional finite element analysis and full-scale wheel load testing. METHODS: Since the layer thickness and material properties used in the bridge deck pavement are different from its condition, it is very difficult to measure and access the behavior of bridge deck pavement in the field. To solve this problem, the full-scale wheel load testing was conducted on the PSMA/Mastic bridge deck pavement and the deflection of bridge deck and horizontal tensile strain on top of pavement were measured under the loading condition. Three-dimensional finite element analysis was conducted to predict the behavior of bridge deck pavement and the predicted deflection and tensile strain values are compared with measured values from the wheel loading testing. RESULTS: Test results showed that the predicted deflections are 10% lower than measured ones and the error between predicted and measured horizontal tensile strain values is less than 2% in the critical location. CONCLUSIONS: The fact indicates that the proposed the analysis is found to be accurate for estimating the behavior of bridge deck pavements.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.683-690
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• 2002

Static and fatigue tests were performed to evaluate fatigue strength in scallop at field bolted joints of longitudinal rib and deck plate in orthotropic steel decks. Numerical parametric studies using finite elemtn analysis were also conducted to show the influence of parameters such as length and radius of scallop, and thickness of deckplate on the stress concentration at the scallop. In the low stress level, fatigue tests yielded cracks at the scallop while in the high stress level, catastrophic failure of longitudinal rib occurred following the failure of handhole cover plate. Fatigue strength was compared with JSSC specification and the predicted S-N curves using Shigley and Juvinall methods, and a satisfactory result was obtatined.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.98-106
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• 2011

The deck of steel box girder bridges is composed of deck plate, longitudinal rib, and transverse ribs. The orthotropic steel decks have high possibility to fatigue damage due to numbers of welded connection part, the heavy contact loadings, and the increase of repeated loadings. Generally, the local stress by the repeated loadings of heavy vehicles causes the orthotropic steel deck bridge to fatigue cracks. The increase of traffic volume and heavy vehicle loadings are promoted the possibility of fatigue cracks. Thus, it is important to exactly evaluate the structural behavior of bridge considering the contact loading area of heavy vehicles and real load patterns of heavy trucks which have effects on the bridge. This study estimated the effect of contact area of design loads and real traffic vehicles through the finite element analysis considering the real loading conditions. The finite element analysis carried out 4 cases of loading patterns in the orthotropic steel deck bridge. Also, analysis estimated the influence of contact area of real truck loadings by the existence of diaphragm plate. The result of finite element analysis indicated that single tire loadings of real trucks occurred higher local stress than one of design loadings, and especially the deck plate got the most influence by the single tire loading. It was found that the diaphragm attachment at joint part of longitudinal ribs and transverse ribs had no effects on the improvement of structural performance against fatigue resistance in elastic analysis.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.77-84
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• 1998

The finite strip method is presented for the analysis of steel deck bridges. Like the Pelikan-Esslinger design method for the steel deck bridges, steel deck is treated as an equivalent orthotropic plate. In the presented method, the deck is discretised by finite strips in the longitudinal direction and the effect of main girder or floor beam deflection can also be accounted for. In this method, the terms of harmonic series at elastically support such as transverse floor or diaphragm in steel deck become coupled. Solutions of this method are compared with other available analytical and numerical solution, and good agreement is observed.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.68-77
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• 2014

In this study, polysulfide epoxy polymer concrete was chosen as an ultra thin bridge deck overlay, and the effect of polymer concrete pavement on the fatigue stress range of the orthotropic steel deck was analyzed through the comparative analysis with epoxy asphalt pavement and SFRC pavement. Abaqus was used to estimate the fatigue stress range, and signed von-mises stress was used to estimate fatigue stress range according to pavement materials and thickness, considering there were multi axis stresses which have longitudinal and lateral direction on the welded parts of the steel deck.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.33-44
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• 2013

Although many studies have been performed for the structural details of orthotropic steel deck, most of them were focused on the trough rib of standard type, but not for orthotropic steel deck with longitudinal rib of open section used at beginning of the deck. In order to investigate the cause of fatigue crack for orthotropic steel deck bridge serviced 31 years with longitudinal rib of open section, in this study, the behavior characteristics of target structural details were analyzed based on measurement data under real traffic condition. Also the typical loading truck passing the target bridges was estimated with the structural analysis detailed, and the stresses and deformation patterns of target structural details were analyzed by performing the detailed structural analysis. Based upon the analysis, retrofitting methods of the fatigue crack were suggested and its validation was examined. From this study, it was clarified that fatigue crack of longitudinal rib with open section were affected with the stress increment by shear deformation in the rib and the occurrence of alternative stress due to moving vehicle. In addition, it was known that it is important to perform fatigue design reflected the local behavior of the structural details.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.319-329
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• 2018

The field around additional cutout of the floor beam web in orthotropic bridge deck was subjected to high stress concentration, especially the weld toe between floor beam and U shaped rib and the free edge of the additional cutout. Based on different considerations, different geometrical parameters of additional cutout were proposed in European, American and Japanese specifications, and there remained remarkable differences among them. In this study, considering influence of out-of-plane deformation of floor beam web and U shaped rib, parameter analysis for additional cutout under typical load cases was performed by fine finite element method. The influence of additional cutout shape and height to the stress distribution around the additional cutout were investigated and analyzed. Meanwhile, the static and fatigue test on this structure details was carried out. The stress distribution was consistent with the finite element analysis results. The fatigue property for additional cutout height of 95mm was slightly better than that of 61.5 mm.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.5 no.4 s.18
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• pp.91-100
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• 2005

Composite slab structures consisted with steel deck plate and concrete material show generally anisotropic structural behavior because of different stiffness between the major direction and sub-direction of deck plate, and also the structures can be regarded as the laminated slab structures. It is necessary for the composite deck slab structures to carry out the exact vibration analysis to evaluate the serviceability. Also, it is needed to evaluate the exact structural behavior of composite deck slab with a layered orthotropic materials. In this paper, the thickness of topping concrete and deck plate are used to calculate the material coefficient stiffness of a sub-direction, and an equivalent depth calculated from sectional stiffness of concrete and deck plate is applied to get the stiffness of a major direction. The stiffness of two layered composite plates with different depth is determined by laminated theory. It is concluded that the presented method can efficiently analyze the structural behavior of composite deck slab consisted with steel deck plate and concrete material in the practical engineering field.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.101-108
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• 2012

The orthotropic steel deck bridge made by using relatively thin steel plate, and structural members such as transverse and longitudinal ribs, cross beam, etc. in the bridge are fabricated with complex shape by welding. Therefore, the possibility occurring deformation and defects by welding is very high, and stress states in the welded connection parts are very complex. Also, the fatigue cracks in orthotropic steel deck bridge are happening fromthe welded connection parts of secondary member than main member. However, stress evaluation for main members is mainly carried out in the design process of the bridge, detailed stress evaluation and characteristic analysis is not almost reviewed in the structural details which fatigue crack occurred. For the orthotropic steel deck bridge with open ribs which has been serviced for 29 years, in this study, the cause of fatigue crack is investigated and the fatigue safety of the bridge is examined based on fieldmeasurement by the loading test and real traffic condition. Also, structural analyses using gridmodel and detailed analysis model were carried out for the welded connection parts of longitudinal rib and diaphramthat fatigue crack occurred. Additionally, the behavior characteristics due to running vehicles were investigated by using influence area analysis for these structural details, and the occurrence causes of fatigue crack in the target bridge were clarified.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.749-756
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• 2006

Because of the orthotropic elastic properties and significant two-way bending action, orthotropic plate theory may be suitable for describing the behavior of concrete filled grid bridge decks. Current AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specification(2004) has live load moment equations considering flexural rigidity ratio between longitudinal and transverse direction, but the Korea highway bridge design specification(2005) doesn't. The Korea highway bridge standard specification LRFD(1996) considers an orthotropic plate model with a single load to estimate live load moments in concrete filled grid bridge decks, which may not be conservative. This paper presents live load moment equations for truck and passenger car, based on orthotropic plate theory. The equations of truck model use multiple presence factor, impact factor, design truck and design tandem of the Korea highway bridge standard specification LRFD(1996). The estimated moments are verified through finite-element analyses.