• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.675-679
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• 2006

The effect of water extract from Thesium chinese Turczaninow (TCTW) on proliferation of human breast cancer cells, nitric oxide production, nitric oxide synthase expression, and ornithine decarboxylase activity was tested. TCTW inhibited the growth of both estrogen-independent MDA-MB-231 and estrogen-dependent MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide (NO) production was significantly reduced by TCTW at the concentrations of 1.0 (p<0.05) and 5.0 mg/ml (p<0.005). Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was also suppressed with the treatment of TCTW in Western blot analysis. TCTW inhibited induction of ornithine decarboxylase by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a key enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis, which is enhanced in tumor promotion. Therefore, TCTW is worth further investigation with respect to breast cancer chernoprevention or therapy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.16
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• pp.7031-7038
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• 2015

Background: Arginine may play important roles in tumor progression by providing ornithine for polyamine biosynthesis, required for cell growth. The aim of this work was to determine the expression of arginine metabolic pathway enzymes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in northeast India. Materials and Methods: The expressions of arginase isoforms (ARG1 and ARG2), ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) were examined in fifty paired HNSCC and adjacent non-tumor tissues by immunohistochemistry. Immunocytochemistry, semiquantitative reverse transcription sq-PCR and quantitative real-time qPCR were used to assess protein and mRNA expressions in peripheral blood of fifty HNSCC patients and hundred controls. Results: ARG1 and ODC protein and mRNA were strongly expressed in peripheral blood from HNSCC patients. No ARG2 expression was observed. In vivo, expression of ARG1, ARG2 and ODC was significantly higher in tumor than in non-tumor tissues. Most tumors expressed low levels of OAT, with no difference in tissues or blood, compared to controls. The absolute extent of maximal ARG1 upregulation with qPCR showed 6.23 fold increase in HNSCC. Conclusions: These findings strongly suggest that in HNSCCs, the ARG1 pathway is stimulated leading to the formation of polyamines as indicated by higher ODC expression, which promote tumor growth.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.233-240
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• 1996

In order to study effects of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) saponin fraction on polyamine metabolism in rat organs, Korean ginseng saponin fraction was administrated to rats for 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12 months and brain, liver, prostate, spleen and testis were removed from these rats. Two enzyme activities were measured from those organs; ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), which is a regulatory enzyme of putrescence biosynthesis and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC), which is also a regulatory enzyme of spermidine and spermine biosynthesis. The amounts of polyamine were also determined. As for prostate and testis organs, Korean ginseng saponin fraction was innocuous for ODC and SAMDC activities from rats fed for 1 and 2 months. However, after 3 months, the stimulatory effect on the activities of two enzyme gradually increased in test groups and reached its maximum in 12 months. The contents of spermidine and spermlne of test groups in prostate and testis were also much higher than those of control groups. Another stimulatory effect on the activities of two enzymes was observed in liver and reached its maximum in 6 months. In the other organs such as brain and spleen, the enzymes were turned out to be not affected by feeding Korean ginseng saponin fraction. From the cumulative results, the stimulatory effect of Korean ginseng saponin fraction on polyamine metabolism was observed in prostate, testis and liver.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.159-164
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• 1993

The tissue levels of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) during the estrous cycle and pregnancy were investigated in the pig. Sexually mature female cycling pigs were used. One animal was sacrificed on estrous cycle days 3, 10, 17, 18, 19, 20 and during pregnancy on day 11. 12, B. 14, 18, 19, 20, 48, 50 and 52. Tissues from the hypothalamus, pituitary, uterus, ovary and skeletal muscle were removed. They were homogenized in buffer, and supernatants were used for measurement of protein concentration and ODC activity. The release of $^14$CO$_2$ from radiolabeled ornithine was proportional to the amout of protein added over the range of 0.125~4mg and to the incubation time. ODC appered to have some relationship with the biological functions of the pituitary, ovary and uterus during the reproductive period, especially on day 19 of the estrous cycle, while it showed no such activities in hypothalamus and skeletal muscle of mature pigs. Uterine tissues had significantly more ODC activity than other tissues tested(p < 0.05).

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.123-129
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• 1996

Chemical carcinogenesis is associated with the increase of intracellular polyamine levels, and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced mouse epidermal ODC activity are essential to skin tumor promotion by TPA. Therefore, for the discovery of new cancer chemopreventive agents, we have evaluated about 73 kinds of natural products to study inhibitory effects against ODC activity induced by TPA in T24 cell culture system. The total methanol extracts of plants fractionated into three layers (hexane, ethyl acetate and water layer) were tested and the hexane fraction of Angelica gigas $(root\;bark,\;IC_{50}:\;7.4\;{\mu}g/ml)$ and the ethyl acetate fraction of Corydalis ternata $(root,\;IC_{50}:\;7.5\;{\mu}g/ml)$ were the most effective on the inhibition of TPA-induced ODC activity, These active fractions are under investigation with further sequential fractionation using column chromatography.

• BMB Reports
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.448-451
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• 2006

Chemopreventive and cytotoxic effect of genistein against human breast cancer cell lines was investigated. Genistein inhibited cell proliferation in estrogen receptor-positive (MCF-7) and estrogen receptor-negative (MDA-MB-231) human breast carcinoma cell lines. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1-mediated ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity was inhibited by genistein in a concentrationdependent manner. Genistein significantly inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced cyclooxy-genase-2 activity and protein expression at the concentrations of 10 (p < 0.05), 25 (p < 0.05) and 50 mM (p < 0.01). In addition, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity was reduced to 53.8 % of the control after 6 h treatment with 50 mM genistein in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. These results suggest that genistein could be of therapeutic value in preventing human breast cancer.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.1405-1409
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• 2006

Polysaccharides from the starfish Asterina pectinifera were assessed in vitro for their chemopreventive potential in human breast cancer. The polysaccharides from A. pectinifera inhibited cell proliferation in the estrogen receptor-positive (MCF-7) and estrogen receptor-negative (MDA-MB-231) human breast carcinoma cell lines. In addition, the polysaccharides were found to be an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 1A1-mediated ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity, and caused a dose-dependent inhibition of aromatase activity in microsomes isolated from a human placenta. There was a significant reduction in the ornithine decarboxylase activity to 30.7% of the control in the polysaccharide-treated MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Therefore, the polysaccharides from A. pectinifera merit further investigation with respect to breast cancer chemoprevention.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1993

Polyamine contents and the activities of their main biosynthetic enzymes, arginine decarboxylase (ADC) and ornithine decarboxylase(ODC), were investigated in Populus leaf segments during adventitious shoot regeneration with the addition of 1 millimolar polyamine synthesis inhibitors. From the study of polyamine synthesis inhibitors, ODC was found to be the principal route of polyamine biosynthesis in adventitious shoot regeneration of Populus leaf segments. The ADC inhibitor difluoromethyl arginine(DFMA) and ODC inhibitor difluoromethyl ornithine(DFMO) strongly reduced the putrescine content. On the contarary, DCHA, an inhibitor of spermidine synthase, increased it. Spermidine content was decreased with the treatment of each polyamine synthesis inhibitor, but the inhibitory effect of DCHA was stronger than any other polyamine inhibitor. The decreased polyamine level by polyamine synthesis inhibitors was restored with the exogenously applied polyamine. Comparing the polyamine contents with the adventitious shoot regeneration rate, were observed a close correlation between spermidine content and adventitious shoot regeneration of Populus leaf segments.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.129-142
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• 2000

Gamdutang aqua-acupuncture solution(GAS), Gamdutang water-extracted solution(GWS) and Degamdutang aqua-acupuncture solution(DGAS) were prepared and tested for potential antitumor activities. It was used three biomarkers (quinone reductase, omithine decarboxylase, glutathione) to test chemopreventive potentials of GAS, GWS, DGAS. GAS was potent inducer of quinone reductase activity in Hepalclc7 murine hepatoma cells in culture, whereas GWS is less potent. GAS, GWS and DGAS were significantly induced quinone reductase activity in cultured rat normal liver cell, Ac2F. Glutathione levels were increased about 1.8-fold with GAS, 1.0-1.1 fold with GWS, DGAS in cultured murine hepatoma hepaiclc7 cells. In addition glutathione s-transferase levels were increased with GAS, GWS and DGAS. The effects of GAS, GWS and DGAS were tested on the growth of Acanthamoeba castellanii. Proliferation of Acanthamoeba castellanii was inhibited by GAS, GWS and DGAS at concentradons of $1{\times}$ and $5{\times}$. These results suggest that GAS has chemopreventive potential by inducing quinone reductase and quinone reductase activities, inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase activity, and increasing glutathione levels.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.219.1-219
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• 2001

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