• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.218-227
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• 2021

Background: Panax ginseng is one of the most important medicinal plants and is usually harvested after 5 to 6 years of cultivation in Korea. Heavy metal (HM) exposure is a type of abiotic stress that can induce oxidative stress and decrease the quality of the ginseng crop. Siderophore-producing rhizobacteria (SPR) may be capable of bioremediating HM contamination. Methods: Several isolates from ginseng rhizosphere were evaluated by in vitro screening of their plant growth-promoting traits and HM resistance. Subsequently, in planta (pot tests) and in vitro (medium tests) were designed to investigate the SPR ability to reduce oxidative stress and enhance HM resistance in P. ginseng inoculated with the SPR candidate. Results: In vitro tests revealed that the siderophore-producing Mesorhizobium panacihumi DCY119^T had higher HM resistance than the other tested isolates and was selected as the SPR candidate. In the planta experiments, 2-year-old ginseng seedlings exposed to 25 mL (500 mM) Fe solution had lower biomass and higher reactive oxygen species level than control seedlings. In contrast, seedlings treated with 10⁸ CFU/mL DCY119^T for 10 minutes had higher biomass and higher levels of antioxidant genes and nonenzymatic antioxidant chemicals than untreated seedlings. When Fe concentration in the medium was increased, DCY119^T can produce siderophores and scavenge reactive oxygen species to reduce Fe toxicity in addition to providing indole-3-acetic acid to promote seedling growth, thereby conferring inoculated ginseng with HM resistance. Conclusions: It was confirmed that SPR DCY119^T can potentially be used for bioremediation of HM contamination.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2013

순무뿌리(Brassica rapassp)를 실온에서 95% ethanol 수용액으로 추출하고 이 추출물을 ethyl acetate (EtOAc)분획, n-butyl alcohol 분획 및 $H_2O$ 분획으로 나누었다. EtOAc분획에 대하여 silica gel, ODS 및 Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography를 반복실시 하여 5종의 flavonoid를 분리하였다. NMR, IR 및 MS data를 해석하여 각각 licochalcone A (1), 4,4'-dihydroxy-3'-methoxychalcone (2), liquiritigenin (3), liquiritin (4), isoliquiritin (5)으로 구조동정하였다. 이들 화합물들은 순무뿌리에서는 처음으로 분리되었다.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국약용작물학회 2009년도 심포지엄 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.259-260
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• 2009

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2014

Objectives : Official Arisaematis Rhizoma is described only three species, Arisaema amurnse, Arisaema erubescens, and Arisaema heterophyllum, in national Pharmacopoeia. However, other Arisaema species, Arisaema ringens, Arisaema takesimense and Arisaema serratum, also have been distributed as an inauthentic Arisaematis Rhizoma in the herbal market. To develop a reliable molecular authentication method for Arisaematis Rhizoma in species level, we analyzed DNA barcode regions using six Arisaema species. Methods : Thirty-eight samples of six Arisaema plants species (A. amurense, A. amurense f. serratum, A. heterophyllum, A. takesimense, and A. serratum) were collected from different habitate and nucleotide sequences of DNA barcode regions (rDNA-ITS, matK, and rbcL gene) were analyzed after PCR amplification. The species-specific sequences and phylogenetic relations were estimated using entire sequences of three DNA barcodes based on the analysis of ClastalW and UPGMA, respectively. Results : The comparative analysis of DNA barcode sequences were revealed inter-species specific nucleotides to distinguish the medicinal plant of Arisaema Rhizoma in species levels excluding between A. amurense and its subspecies (A. amurense f. serratum) and A. takesimense and A. serratum, respectively. However, we obtained sequence differences enough to discriminate authentic and inauthentic Arisaematis Rhizoma. Therefore, we suggest that these SNP type molecular genetic markers were an reliable method avaliable to identify official herbal medicines. Conclusions : These marker nucleotides could be useful to identify the official herbal medicines by providing definitive information that can identify original medicinal plant and distinguish from inauthentic adulterants and substitutes.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.171-176
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• 2002

본 연구는 천연 항산화제를 찾아내기 위해 42종의 한약재를 대상으로 항산화능을 검색하였으며 그 결과 DPPH에 대해서는 가자, 소목, 지유, 복분자, 초두구 등이 Linoleic Acid 과산화에 대해서는 정향, 양강, 건강, 창이자, 괴화, 마두령, 초두구 등이 높은 항산화력을 나타내었다. 또한 DPPH에 대해 높은 소거활성을 보였던 가자, 소목, 지유, 복분자, 초두구 등의 LDL 산화에 대한 저해 효과를 실험한 결과 5가지 한약재 모두 알파토코페롤보다 높은 효력을 나타내었다. 특히 가자는 실험된 42종의 한약재 중에서 DPPH 소거능 $(3.08\;{\mu}g/ml)$이 가장 높았으며 이 값은 알파-토코페롤의 $(13.52\;{\mu}g/ml)$보다 4배 이상 높은 수치였고 LDL 산화 억제 효능에 있어서도 21.55 및 $(43.10\;{\mu}g/ml)$의 농도에서 각각 53% 및 73%로서 알파-토코페롤의 21% 및 23%보다 $2{\sim}3$배 이상 높은 수치였다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.138-144
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• 2010

최근 한약추출박은 배출되는 양이 많아 쓰레기화 되어 환경을 크게 오염시키고 있다. 이러한 한약추출박을 퇴비로 재활용하기 위한 기초시험으로 첩약(貼藥)인 '연령고본단(延齡固本丹)'의 한약추출박 성분을 분석하였고, 여기에 배초향을 재배하여 비료로 시용한 후 생육특성과 전초 수량을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 한약추출박의 분석 성분 중 유기물은 89.6%가 함유되어 있었고, 염분은 0.1%로 약초의 생장에 지장이 없는 공정규격(1.0%)이하의 범위였다. 약초의 생장에 직접적으로 필요한 비료 3요소 중 질소는 2.8%가 함유되어 있었고, 인산은 0.6%, 그리고 칼륨은 0.5%가 함유되어 있었다. 미량성분으로 식물체의 영양분이 될 수 있는 성분은 아연과 구리 등이 함유되어있었다. 이러한 분석결과, 한약추출박 성분은 유기물과 질소, 인산, 가리, 미량요소 등이 골고루 함유되어 유기질 비료로 사용 될 수 있을 것으로 본다. 2. 한약추출박의 시용에 따른 배초향의 생육은 한약추출박 시용이 무시용보다 초장과 경직경이 크고, 엽수와 가지수가 많아 생장이 양호 하였고, 수량도 전초 1주중이 무거워 증수되는 경향이었다. 한약추출박의 시용농도는 30~50 g의 시용에서 효과가 인정되었으므로 추출박 30 g의 농도가 적정 시용 농도로 판단된다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 한약추출박은 배초향과 같은 전초이용 약초에 유기질 비료로 재활용 할 수 있을 것으로 본다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.531-533
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• 2017

Background: Panax ginseng has been used as Korean medicine for various diseases. It has antioxidant, hypotensive, sedative, analgesic, and endocrine activities. Dammarane-type triterpenes from the plant have various beneficial effects. Methods: A dammarane-type triterpene saponin was isolated from P. ginseng root through chromatography such as repeated column chromatography and medium pressure liquid chromatography. Results and conclusion: New dammarane-type triterpene saponin was isolated for the first time from nature. The structure was elucidated as ginsenoside Rg12 (1) based on spectral data. There may be good materials from P. ginseng for the development of industrial applications such as nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and cosmeceutical purposes.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.370-381
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• 2018

Background: To enhance the taste and physiological characteristics of Lycii fructus (Gugija) extracts, we investigated the changes in the physiological characteristics of Gugija extracts caused by adding white ginseng (WG) and red ginseng (RG) Methods and Results: Gugija extracts, including 10G10, 10GW-G8 : 2, -G6 : 4, -G4 : 6, -G2 : 8, and -G0 (mixtures made by replacing 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% of Gugija with WG), as well as 10G10, 10GR-G8 : 2, -G6 : 4, -G4 : 6, -G2 : 8, and -G0 (mixture made by replacing 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% of Gugija with RG) were extracted with water at 10 times the respective mixture's volume. The antioxidant activities of Gugija extracts were investigated by assessing their 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis(3ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) activity, nitrite scavenging activity, and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. As the amount of WG added increased, the DPPH, and, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and FRAP activity of the Gugija extract decreased. The half maximal inhibitory concentration ($IC_{50}$) value of 10G10, 10GW-G6 : 4, 10GR-G6 : 4, and 10GR-G0 for DPPH radical scavenging activity were $25.50{\pm}1.04$, $52.06{\pm}1.46$, $16.87{\pm}1.24$, and $9.50{\pm}0.16{\mu}{\ell}/m{\ell}$, respectively. On the other hand, the physiological activity of Gugija extract increased with the addition of increasing amounts of RG. However, ACE inhibitory activity was the highest ($50.25{\pm}2.58%$) in the Gugija 10-fold extract without any added RG. Conclusions: From the above results, we suggest that adding RG to Gugija extracts increase their antioxidant, FRAP, and nitrite scavenging activities.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.126-135
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• 2019

Background: The ginseng ginsenosides, which have various physiological activities, are known to be more abundant in the leaves than in the roots, and the consumers' interest in ginseng sprout as a functional vegetable has been increasing. Methods and Results: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of growth period on growth properties, active ingredients and rheology of ginseng sprouts cultivated in a non-heated greenhouse equipped with a shade net for 60 days, starting from the end of May to the middle of July. The chlorophyll content of the leaves decreased, but their length and width increased with increasing cultivation days. In particular, growth increased significantly until 40 days, but only slightly after 50 days. The stem length did not increase greatly from the 20 th to the 30 th day of cultivation, but increased significantly from the 30 th to the 40 th day, and then further increased gradually. The weight of the leaves, stems, and roots increased slightly, but not change significantly. After 40 days of cultivation, the total ginsenoside content increased by 1.07 times in the leaves and decreased by 0.80 times in the roots with increasing cultivation days. The leaf contents of ginsenosides $Rg_1$, Re, $Rb_1$, Rc, $F_3$ and $F_4$ increased with increasing cultivation days. The rheological properties of ginseng sprout showed the greatest influence on stem hardening with increasing cultivation days. Conclusions: Therefore, based on the growth characteristics, active ingredients and physical properties, 40 days after sowing was considered to be an appropriate harvesting time for ginseng sprouts.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2012

Objective : For the purpose of developing Korean herbology of the plants to Polyporaceae in Korea, the literatures of the successive generations have been thoroughly investigated to prepare this article. Methods : The examined herbological books and research paper which published domestically and abroad. Results : 1. Polyporacease plants (raised in Korea) are devided into 31 classes with 59 species. Among them, 26 species in 19 classes were found serviceable, which indicates 44 % of all Polyporacease plants. 2. Among those 59 species, $Coriolus$ $Phellinus$ $Trametes$ includes 5 species. $Ganoderma$, a medicinal plant, includes 3 species. 3. Dividing the serviceable plants of Polyporacease, the fruit body family had the largest number; 25. 4. Out of plants Polyporacease, neutral taste plants was 17 species and sweet taste was 14 species. 5. Only 8 species of Polyporaceae plants were found to enterd into the spleen and heart. 6. 11 species were found to prevent cancer, 7 species were found to dispel wind-dampness and Alleviate edem antittusive and antasth matic. 7. There were no toxic species in the Plyporaceae. Conclusion : There were totaled to 31 genera and 59 species in Polyporaceae in Korea and among them medicinal plants are 19genera, 26 species, some 44% in total.