• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2006

Objectives : Human chondrocytes co-treated with Buthus martensi Karsch herbal acupuncture solution(BMK-HAS) extract produced significantly less NO compared with chondrocytes stimulated with $IL-1{\beta}$ alone Methods : Activation and translocation of and NF-kB DNA binding activity were determined by Western blotting and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results : The inhibition of NO production correlated with the suppression of induction and expression of nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) and activation protein-1 (AP-1)-dependent gene. BMK-HAS inhibited the activation and translocation of NF-kB to the nucleus, indicating that BMK-HAS inhibits the $IL-1{\beta}-induced$ production of NO in human chondrocytes by interfering with the activation of NF-kB through a novel mechanism. In addition, BMK-HAS reduced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)production in mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, whereas no influence on the activity of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) or cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) was observed. My data, therefore, suggest that BMK-HAS may be a therapeutically effective inhibitor of $IL-1{\beta}-induced$ inflammatory effects that are dependent on NF-kB activation in human OA chondrocytes. Conclusion : The results indicate that BMK-HAS exerts anti-inflammatory effects related to the inhibition of neutrophil functions and of NO and PGE2 production, which could be due to a decreased expression of iNOS and COX-2 through the transcription factors NF-kB and AP-1.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.39-54
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• 2001

This is a study on the methods of taking prescriptions in SANGHANRON (傷寒論), and after this, numbers of results have been obtained. SANGHANRON was written by Chang-Ki (張機) in the 2nd century, so it reflexes the usage of prescriptions of previous age indirectly. And gave affects on the methods of taking prescriptions to the oriental medicine doctors of next generation. Before Han-Dynasty (漢代), there were not so many publications connected with Oriental Medicine. Besides, some books couldn't hand down to next generation due to the gap of time and space. As time goes by, letters in medical books changed little by little, so contents connected with taking decoctions changed too. The effects of decoction and herb tea can be changed by the flexibility of methods of taking medicines, so we have to decide what kinds of taking methods should be taken and adapted to patients by the most effective way. There are many kind of methods of taking decocted prescriptions in SANGHANRON, so Chang-Ki selected the most appropriate method considering degree and position of disease and condition of patient. But nowadays, due to inconvenient procedure of taking medicines, some methos are not in common in clinical medicin. So this study was started to look back upon the changes of taking prescriptions and gave effort to find out the propriety of variation of taking prescriptions. In SANGHANRON, many kinds of taking prescriptions appeared from once a day to six times a day, except these, some prescriptions have to be taken little by little. These methods of taking prescriptions simplified as time pass by, but this change may give influence to the effect of medicine and finally we can't gain expected therapeutic value. So we have to distinguish the methods -though complicated and troublesome- in clinical medicine to make perfection more perfect in treating patients, and further studies have to be followed to prove the propriety of these methods.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.295-303
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• 2005

YangDongChangHwaHuRok(兩東唱和後錄)is a book that organized the conversation between Joseon physician Ki-DuMun(奇斗文) and Japanese Acupuncture specialist Murakami Tanio(村上溪南) and others when they visited the quarters where the Choson Delegation(朝鮮通信使) were staying in, while the Choson Delegation party were visiting Japan in 1711. YangDongChangHwaHuRok(兩東唱和後錄) was discovered in the process of gathering medicine-related historical documents of the Choson Dynasty that is spread out all over the Japanese region, with the help from Japanese and Chinese scholars. This was part of the Co-Examination-Research-Process of korean medical documents that are located in the East Asia traditional medical region, which was promoted by the Korean Institute of Oriental Medicine in 2003. This paper has analyzed in-depth, with an inner-medical view, the academic exchange content of YangDongChangHwaHuRok(兩東唱和後錄) by following the order of the main text. With this examination, we were able discover new facts about the interest in Primary Symptom(是動病) and Secondary Symptom(所生病) of 17th century doctors, a new hypothesis on the diffusion of HeoYim(許任)'s ChimGuKyungHeomBang(鍼灸經驗方) in Japan, the existence of a new acupuncture tool called ChongChim(腫鍼), and the influence of the 18th comtemporay famous traditional medical books (it is called UiHakYipMun(醫學入門) and ShinEungKyung(神應經) on the 18th century East Asian medical circle. We were also able to ascertain the specific medical content that was diffused to the Japanese medical circle by the Korean medical circle.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2003

Objective : In Western medicine, the cause of obesity include overeating, lack of exercise, genetic factor, endocrinal impediment and psychological factor. Since the society becomes more complexed and the tensions among social members gets intensified, psychological factor getting more important. In Oriental medicine, Seven Emotion(七情, in oriental medical term) as an emotional stressor was thought to be a factor of obesity. Therefore the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between Seven Emotion and obesity in detail. Methods : overview the stress with the view of Oriental medicine and research the relationship between Seven Emotion as an emotional stressor and obesity. Results : 1. Seven Emotion can be understood as an emotional stress in Western medicine. If Seven Emotion is excessive, its extreme mental stimulation causes physical illness. 2. Having influence upon the function of internal organs, excessive Seven Emotion causes obesity. Since it hinders normal flow of Gangi(肝氣), Seven Emotion disturbs healthy function of Bi-Wi(脾胃) and normal fluctuation of Qi. Consequently, obesity is resulted from the accumulation of fat since normal metabolism of body is disrupted. 3. In Seven Emotion-Anger(怒), Joy(喜), Anxiety(憂), Thought(思), Sorrow(悲), Fear(恐), Surprise(驚)-give rise to Gan-bi-bul-wha(肝脾不和), Sim-hi-yang-huh(心脾兩虛), Bi-qi-huh(碑氣虛), Dam-sup-jeo-po(痰濕沮胞) and Wi-wha-sang-youm(胃火上炎) in type of symptom in obesity and therefore, cause obesity.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.107-107
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• 2019

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by chronic inflammatory response and dysregulation of immune function. The severity of US has been influenced by environmental factors and food habit. The immune modulatory, anti-inflammatory and steroidal medicine have been used for the treatment of UC. However, long-term administration of those medicine is accompanied with side-effect. So, it is necessary to develop the non side-effect medicine using natural product. Prebiotics influences intestinal condition and food consumption. The heredity, immunity and environmental condition are related with occurrence of UC. In recent study, UC patients had lower level of prebiotics such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium compared with healthy people. Also, previous study announced that imbalance of enteric flora aggravates the severity of UC. The effectiveness of probiotics might affect colon ability and viable bacteria also could promote the proliferation of beneficial intestinal bacteria. Prebiotics, such as herbal medicine, could lead to balance of intestinal bacteria or increase beneficial bacteria. So, proper choice of herbal medicine could control the intestinal condition. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mixture of probiotics and prebiotics (synbiotics) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC in vivo. The synbiotics consist of Lactobacillus buchneri, Polymnia sonchifolia and Glycine max Merr. in this study. To evaluate the effect of synbiotics, 3% DSS was administered in BALB/c mice and synbiotics was daily administered for experimental days. The administration of synbiotics regulated colon length shortening, body weight change and disease activity index effectively. Also, extract of synbiotics upregulated survival ability of Lactobacillus buchneri in gut condition. These results suggest that mixture of probiotics and prebiotics, called as synbiotics, could influence intestinal condition also regulate the colon disease. Synbiotics might be a therapeutic agent for treatment of UC.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was conducted to compare Chaenomelis Sinensis Fructus with Chaenomelis Lagenariae Fructus, and to examine Fructus chaenomelis having an influence on Intestinal Motility. Methods : We compared Chaenomelis Sinensis Fructus with Chaenomelis Lagenariae Fructus, by observing their effects on Intestinal Motility. Oral administration of water extracts of Chaenomelis Sinensis Fructus and Chaenomelis Lagenariae Fructus into albino rats was followed by dealing with carbachol or loperamide, injecting charcoal meal and measuring the moving length in the intestine. Results : By Chaenomelis Sinensis Fructus and Chaenomelis Lagenariae Fructus, the Intestinal Motility of normal albino rats did not change significantly. Chaenomelis Sinensis Fructus and Chaenomelis Lagenariae Fructus controled the accelerated Intestinal Motility of albino rats. Chaenomelis Sinensis Fructus was not different from the extracting method, Chaenomelis Lagenariae Fructus had effects of control on extracting by methanol significantly. When Chaenomelis Sinensis Fructus was compared with Chaenomelis Lagenariae Fructus, the former was proved to have control effects on Intestinal Motility in decoction extracts and extracts by ethyl ether higher than the latter. By both Chaenomelis Sinensis Fructus and Chaenomelis Lagenariae Fructus, the declined Intestinal Motility was not changed significantly. Conclusion : Chaenomelis Fructus suppressed the exasperated Intestinal Motility by carbachol, but did not influence the dropped Intestinal Motility by loperamide. In addition, Chaenomelis Sinensis Fructus was more excellent than Chaenomelis Lagenariae Fructus in its control effects of Intestinal Motility. inhibitory effects by DKT represent a potential therapeutic approach to the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2010

Objectives: Cocaine has been well known as a representative drug of abuse for its strong reinforcing effect linked to the mesolimbic reward system including dopamine, and such reinforcement leads to the addiction. Acupuncture has been used widely in eastern Asia for the treatment of various diseases including mental disorders and psychiatric problems, and is gathering more interest as one of the complementary and alternative medicines in western countries. In a previous study, we demonstrated that acupuncture at HT7 could affect dopamine release in the mesolimbic system of rats sensitized to alcohol and morphine. This study was designed to investigate whether acupuncture at HT7 could attenuate cocaine intake or not. Material & Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 270-300 g at the start of experiment were trained to self-administer food pellets under a fixed ratio 1 schedule. After the success of acquisition of 100 pellets within 3 h for 3 consecutive days, animals were subjected to surgery whereby Silastic tubing was implanted into right jugular vein and secured with mesh under the anesthetization using pentobarbital injection (50 mg/kg, i.p.). Following recovery, rats were trained to self-administer cocaine (0.25 mg/kg) in daily 2 h sessions under fixed ratio 1 schedule over 10 days. Each treatment was performed on the next day of each establishment of baseline. Results: Results show that acupuncture at HT7, but not at control points, reduced cocaine intake significantly. Acupuncture at HT7 decreased selectively active lever response from $63.15{\pm}3.35$ to $51.46{\pm}3.99$ corresponding $82.12{\pm}5.31%$ compared to basal level. Also, it was demonstrated that the effect of acupuncture was mainly occurred at the half period. Nevertheless, acupuncture at HT7 did not influence the food taking behavior. Conclusions: From the results of this study, it may be suggested that acupuncture at HT7, at least in part, could contribute to the treatment of cocaine abuse.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.51-64
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• 2010

Objectives : To introduce and compare various headache measurement tools, in order to provide fundamental information for future clinical trials and development of oriental medicine measurement tools. Methods : Eight headache assessment scales, Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire(MQoLQ), Migraine-Specific Quality of Life(MSQOL), Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire(MSQ), The Headache Impact Questionnaire(HImQ), Headcahe Needs Assessment Survey(HANA), Henry Ford Headache disability Inventory(HDI), Migraine Disablity Assessment Scale(MIDAS) and Headache Impact Test(HIT-6), were searched through Pubmed. General character, the process of development, verification of reliability, internal consistency, responsiveness to patient's change and validity were reviewed. Results : In assessing the quality of life of migraine patients, MQoLQ can be used to measure the change within 24 hours, MSQ and MSQOL can be used to measure the change during a relatively longer period of time. The frequency and bothersomeness of headache can be easily measured by HANA. HImQ can be used to measure the intensity of headache and the influence on normal daily activities. HDI can measure the emotional difficulties of headache patients. HIT-6 and MIDAS makes measurements possible in a short period of time, and the reliability and validity have been verified numerously. HIT-6 and MIDAS are the most frequently used measurement tools because they are simple and easy for both the assessor and the patient to understand and use. Conclusions : In this study, various headache assessment tools have been reviewed. The assessed tools were widely used after being verified for their reliability and validity. We hope this study provides fundamental information in establishing future clinical trial and clinical practice guidelines. We also hope this study to contribute to the development of an oriental medicine assessment tool for headache.

• Integrative Medicine Research
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.333-340
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• 2018

Background: Traditional Korean medicine (TKM) is widely used to treat children with cerebral palsy (CP) in Korea; however, studies investigating factors that influence the use of TKM are scarce. Thus, we investigated the clinical factors that might influence the use of TKM. Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional, multicenter survey was performed from August 2014 to May 2016. The history of TKM use, type and severity of CP, current treatment characteristics, presence of accompanying disabilities or other health problems not directly related to CP, and monthly cost for the treatment of CP were surveyed. Results: In total, 182 children were recruited, and 78 children (42.9%) had used TKM. Among these 78 children, 50 (64.1% of the TKM-use group) had used both acupuncture and herbal medication, 15 (19.2%) had used acupuncture only, and 13 (16.7%) had used herbal medication only. Children with non-typical CP, accompanying disabilities and general health problems tended to use TKM. The monthly cost of treatment for CP was significantly higher in the TKM-use group than that in the no-TKM-use group, suggesting that economically disadvantaged children may have difficulty in accessing TKM. Dietary supplements, conventional pharmacological treatments, and rehabilitation therapies did not affect TKM use. Conclusion: Children with non-typical symptoms or those with poor overall health status are likely to use TKM. Additionally, TKM use leads to increased treatment costs. Studies investigating the motivation for starting or ceasing TKM therapy, socioeconomic factors and the attitude of parents towards complementary and alternative medicine should be performed.

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.1-22
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• 2006

노령인구의 증가에 따라 노인의료의 중요성이 점차 증가하고 있으나 그에 관한 관심과 연구는 일천하다. 본 연구는 노인요양병원을 중심으로 양방, 한방, 양 한방 협진 진료시스템에 따라 진료의 전문성, 편의성, 상호작용성 요인의 역할에 대하여 처음으로 탐색적 연구를 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 확인하였다. 첫째, 요양병원에서 양방, 한방, 양 한방 협진의 진료시스템에 따라 전문성이나 편의성, 상호작용성은 고객만족에 서로 다른 영향을 미친다는 것을 확인하였다. 둘째, 양방진료에서는 편의성과 상호작용성이, 한방에서는 상호작용성이, 양 한방 협진에서는 전문성이 중요한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 양방진료에서는 진료편의성과 상호작용성의 확대에 보다 많은 노력이 필요하며, 한방진료에서는 상호작용성에 따른 인적서비스의 증대가, 그리고 양 한방 협진에서는 전문성 확대를 위한 실질적인 협진이 이루어질 수 있어야 한다. 셋째, 모든 진료시스템에서 고객만족은 관계의 질에, 관계의 질은 재구매 의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 마지막으로 관계의 질은 전환의도에 양방에서는 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나 한방과 양 한방 협진에서는 미치지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. 이는 양방과는 달리 한방과 양 한방진료에서는 선택범위가 넓지 않아 전환기회가 낮은 것이 원인으로 보이며, 장기적 관점에서 관계의 질 향상이 필요한 것으로 확인되었다.