• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제9권
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• pp.53-74
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• 1982

On admet Jusqu'ici que le XVe siecle est une $\acute{e}poque$ phare de l'histoire de l'imprimerie avec l'apparition de la typographie en Orient et en Occident, $c'est-\acute{a}-dire$ en $Cor\acute{e}e$ sur le Rhim. Cependant, $l'\acute{e}poque$ de l'invention typographique en $Cor\acute{e}e$ doit $\hat{e}tre$ $devanc\acute{e}e$ encore d'un ou deux siecle. Outre cette question, il est $\acute{a}$ noter ici que les caracteres mobiles $m\acute{e}talliques$ Kyemi, fondus en 1403, ont $jou\acute{e}$ un $r\hat{o}le$ $tr\acute{e}s$ important dans l'histoire de la typographie mondiale et que les $caract\acute{e}res$ kabin qui leur $succ\acute{e}derent$ en 1434 menerent la typographie $cor\acute{e}enne$ a son $apog\acute{e}e$. Or, les recherches $cor\acute{e}ennes$ se satifait de la primaute de l'invention en Coree des caracteres mobiles metalliques, mais n'adoptent pas une attitude suffisament critique. Aussi, l'auteur a-toil voulu s'interroger sur la veritable valeur de la typographie de la dynastie de Choson tant au point de vue de l'histoire de l'imprimerie mondiale. En premier lieu, on etudie, comme une chronique, les caracteres mobiles metalliques importants tout au long de la dynastie de Choson sans donner une interpretation nouvelle. C'est dans deux derniers, qu'on essaie de developper ses idees sur la typographie en Coree notamment la question technologique qui devrait etre le fond des recherches. Aussi, on y etudie, la technique de la typographie ancienne en Coree interpretee selon une methode scientifique et moderne et, enfin, le bilan synthetique en cherchant les raisons qui freinerent son developpement en Coree malgre la performance de ses debuts. A l'issue de ces recherches, on ne peut s'empecher d'eprouver une certaine insatisfaction a cause de l'ambiguite des explications que l'on trouve dans des documents fondamentaux. Avec ce difficulte on a voulu, au moins, exposer des points discutatables qui devraient etre les recherches a futur.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.327-370
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• 2008

본 연구는 사서의 직업사회화에 관한 총체적인 행위이론을 도출하기 위한 일차적인 연구로서 사서직의 직업사회화 경험의 의미와 경험의 구조가 무엇인지를 밝히고, 그 이해를 도모하고자 하는 연구이다. 연구의 참여자는 학부에서 문헌정보학(도서관학)을 전공하고, 현재 서울과 경기도의 공공, 대학, 학교, 전문도서관에서 5년 이상의 정규직경험을 가지고 있는 16명의 현직 사서 및 사서교사들이며, 개별적으로 2회의 개방적 및 반구조적인 심층면담을 하여 자료수집이 이루어졌다. 수집된 자료의 현상학적 분석 결과 연구 참여자들이 체험한 사서직의 직업 사회화경험은 1) '업무 심화와 업무능력 화장을 통해 성장함', 2) '조지문화에 순응함', 3) '이용자와 더불어 성숙함', 4) '양면적 직업의식을 가짐', 5) '사서로서의 자기실현을 추구함'의 5개의 주제범주로 도출되었다. 또한 사서의 직업사회화의 총체적 의미는 사서가 상호작용적 조정과정을 농해 공유하는 이상적인 사서 상을 구체화시키고 실현해 나가는 과정으로, 현실에 적합한 전문성을 갖춘 사서 되기를 지향하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한견주관절학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한견주관절학회 2008년도 제16차 학술대회
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• pp.164-164
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• 2008

The beach-chair traction position is designed to allow the use of traction while allowing the surgeon to orient the shoulder in an upright position and convert to an open procedure, if necessary. The patient is placed in the beach-chair position under general anesthesia. A three-point shoulder holder (Arthrex, Naples, Florida) is attached to the rail of the operating table on the same side as the surgeon, whereas it is placed on the side opposite the surgeon in the lateral decubitus position. A shoulder traction and rotation sleeve (Arthrex) are affixed to the arm following the manufacturer's instructions. Positioning the thumb toward the closed side of the sleeve ensures a field for the anterior portion of the rotator cuff and prevents the tendency of the suspension apparatus to place the arm in internal rotation. The arm is maintained in 30 to 40 degree abduction and 30 to 40 degree flexion by controlling the length and height of the bar and the location of the universal clamp. The universal clamp allows multiple planes of adjustment to control abduction and forward movement of the arm. The sleeve is attached to the longitudinal traction cable using a sterile hook, and a lateral strap is secured around the proximal portion of the sleeve to the overhead traction cable to ensure a field for glenohumeral reconstruction. The use of a lateral strap permits ideal shoulder positioning for improved access to the anterior and inferior glenohumeral joint. The lateral strap can be released or removed to widen the subacromial space during subacromial decompression or rotator cuff repair. A 10-lb weight is attached to the longitudinal traction cable for an average-sized person.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.388-398
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• 2009

Background and Objective: Luffae Fructus Retinervus (LFR) is used for investigating symptoms of inflammation. We have evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of LFR by analyzing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Materials and Methods : We differentiated THP-l cells into macrophage-like cells by treatment with PMA. Inflammation was induced by treatment with LPS and PMA. We determined the safe concentration of LFR by using the MTS and MTT assays and using PD 98059 as a negative control for comparison of the anti-inflammatory effect of LFR. Results : The MTS and MTT analysis showed that the cell survival rate was >80% within the LFR concentration range of 10-100 ng/ml and began to decrease to >80% at 1 ${\mu}g/ml$. By RT-PCR analysis, the gene expression of TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-8, TGF-${\beta}$, IL-6, IL-${\beta}$1, and IL-10 levels were down-regulated when monocyte-derived macrophages were treated with concentrations of LFR between 10 ng/mL and 100 ng/mL. Conclusion : We conclude that LFR exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory activity. The results suggest a promising way to treat general inflammatory diseases.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2006년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.1444-1449
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• 2006

우리나라는 전 국토의 70%가 산지로 되어 있고, 토지를 집약적으로 이용하므로 유역이 다양한 지형, 토양, 식생, 토지이용 등으로 구성되어 있다. 또한 이수 계획을 수립하기 위한 유출량의 계산을 위해서는 직접유출 뿐만 아니라 기저유출까지 재현할 수 있는 유역수문모형이 필요하다. 이에 따라 유역내 수문인자의 정량적.정성적 분석을 위해서는 유역출구에서 뿐만 아니라 유역전체에 대한 수문인자를 평가할 수 있는 분포형 모형이 요구되고 있으며, 효율적인 수자원관리 및 개발 계획수립을 위한 물리기반 수문모형의 개발 및 적용 요구가 증대되고 있다. 우리 공사도 유역조사에서 PRMS 모형에 의한 물수지 분석을 수행하고 있는 등 이수분야에 물리기반 모형의 적용이 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 기존 USGS WEASEL은 PC Arc/Info 기반에서 구동하는 방식으로 사용방법 및 사용자 인터페이스 제공 측면에 있어 불편함이 초래하고 있으며, 현재 GIS 기술의 발달과 함께 ESRI ArcGIS9.1이 개발되어 GIS를 이용한 분석에 있어 편리성을 제공하여 많은 분야에 적용되고 있다. 이에 따라, 본 연구에서는 편리한 모델링 환경 제공을 신기술 적용 및 국내 자연환경에 적합한 유출매개변수 도출 시스템 개발을 위하여 선진 사례 벤치마킹을 통한 수자원 DB로부터 물리기반 수문모형 입력 자료를 효과적으로 추출하는 전 후처리기를 개발하고, 다양한 수문 수질모형에 적용할 수 있는 GIS 기반의 입출력 컴포넌트를 개발하였다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is on identifying the function of ground temperature arrangement of village grove. Case study was accomplished at Hacho village grove in Jinan-gun, Jeonbuk province. Hacho village grove was the largest grove of all and most formal grove in Jinan region. So ground temperature of outside and inside of Hacho village grove were measured from March to October in 2001. And comparative review about difference between outside and inside of village grove was accomplished. Our ancestors, in spite of orient and occident, have made a settlement in consideration of climatic conditions. We have to team from past pattern and add modern scientific technology. So traditional wisdom and wise planning process must be considered in order to create qualitative residential environment in present through natural elements. It is identified that in winter, the inner side ground temperature is higher than outside one of that and in summer, in contrary, the inner side one of that is lower than outside one of that. So it is identified that Macho village grove breaks winds and reduce the heating energy in winter, it reduces ground temperature and reduces cooling energy very well in summer. It is identified that village grove reduce ground temperature in summer better than any other season. It is identified that in summer, the effect of maintaining constant temperature is also better than my other season. So it is identified that village grove stabilize most changeable outside temperature in inside of that.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.3-8
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• 2000

1. Definition : Bee-venom therapy does not involve actual bee-stings: it is a treatment method with acquired bee-venom extract through the electric stimulus on the bee, It is injected subcutaneusly on the acupuncture point after refining, according to the diagnosis of constitution and disease. 2. History : Around 2000 B.C., records that Bee-venom was used for therapy were written in the medical book of Babylonia and Papirus of ancient Egypt. Hippocrates, who is called the father of Medicine, said that Bee-venom is Arcanum, which means mysteric medicine. In Oriental medicine, B.C. 200, there was a clinical record that the meat suspended in front of the bee house on the tree in order to get bee-venom, was attached on the lesion. 3. Mechanism of Action : There are two aspects: 1) The effect of stimulating acupunture point It is similar to the chemical moxa. I think that there are several methods of stimulating the acupuncture point： For example, a simple needle is a mechanical stimulus, Moxa is a heating stimulus and electric and Raser acupunture etc. And another stimulus: in the ancient orient, a chemical stimulus called Chungu(Tianjiu), is attached to the lesions by using grinded insects (ex. Mylaris phalerate PALL.) which have toxin. So Bee venom therapy is similar to this. 2) The effect of biochemical ingredients Bee venom consists of 40 kinds of ingredients. For example, me Iii tin, Apamin, Pospholipase A2, MCD peptide, Adolapin and so on. They have effects which have been proven through experimentation l) tonifying mechanism of the body through increasing hormon secretion 2) tonifying immune system through proliferation of WBC, lymphocytes, macrophage 3) anti-inflammatory reaction Therefore Bee venom therapy is the representative 3rd Medicine, which combined East & West medicine. 4. Application of disease : L.B.P and HIVD, O.A, R.A, degenerative arthritis, shoulder pain and other pain diseases. 5. Therapic methods : According to constitution and disease, proper concentration of bee venom is injected on acupunture point, 2 times a week. Generally one term is consisted of 15times. 6. Contraindication : Heart disease, TBc, DM, kidney disease(nephritis), pregnancy, woman in menstruation 3-4 persons per 100,000 persons may have severe allergic reaction.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.3-12
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• 2007

This study examines the nature-introducing methods between Korea Traditional Architecture and Landscape Architecture dividing them into three; semantic methods, constructive methods and visual methods on the basis of architectural features deduced from Borrowed Landscape theory which is a typical nature-introducing theory in the orient. Through the findings of this study, we can explain the nature-introducing methods of Landscape Architecture by way of the method of the Borrowed Landscape which was frequently used by our ancestors for a long time to Introduce nature in the course of building structures, and we can find several similarities between the Architecture of two fields of both different times and areas. It can be said to be meaningful for us to be able to confirm the contemporary value of Traditional nature-introducing method through the Borrowed Landscape theory. However, we can find that there is a difference between Traditional Architecture and Landscape Architecture in looking at nature. If the Landscape Architecture which emerged recently as a result of recognizing the importance of nature, maintains the nature view of regarding nature and architecture as equal, the nature view of Traditional Architecture is essentially different in that it is humble and aims to return to nature. The most outstanding feature of nature-introducing way in Traditional Architecture obviously implies something different from the various architectural trends of 'nature-human', or 'nature-architecture' which appeared breaking the relation of dichotomy. It is the thinking that 'nature and human are continual', and 'human is part of nature'; that is, 'the humbleness to nature'.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.106-115
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 기존에 제시된 쉐이딩 알고리즘들이 음영 표현을 통해 3차원 물체의 형태를 효과적으로 전달하는지 평가하고 검증한다. 8가지 스타일로 쉐이딩된 10개의 3차원 물체 중의 한 개의 이미지를 사람들에게 보여주고 물체 표면의 여러 곳의 위치에서 곡면의 법선 벡터와 일치하도록 측정기(gauge)의 방향을 조정하도록 요청하는 스터디를 수행한다. 이 실험에서 수집한 법선 벡터 추정치가 사람들 간에 서로 일치하는지 비교하고 또한 실제 3차원 곡면 모델의 법선 벡터와 일치하는지도 비교한다. 본 논문의 실험을 통하여 물체의 음영을 표현하는 방법에 따라서 사람들이 물체의 형태를 다르게 해석한다는 사실을 보인다. 또한, 기존의 쉐이딩 알고리즘들 중에서 음영 톤의 단계수가 많고 톤 단계가 전반적으로 균일하게 분포되어 있는 특성을 가지는 알고리즘이 물체의 형태를 보다 효과적으로 표현하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 논문에서 수집한 실험 데이터 및 분석 결과는 물체의 형태를 효과적으로 전달하는 것을 목적으로 하는 새로운 CG 쉐이딩 알고리즘을 설계하는데 활용 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of extract from mixed culture with Tricholoma matsutake mycelium and Cordyceps militaris mycelium in oriental medicine and cereal midium (OCM) considered effective for the treatment of diabetes. Methods : We examined antioxidant activity and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibit activity of OCM and orally administered OCM extracts to Streptozotocin-induced diabetic ratsat the dose of 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 300mg/kg body weight. Results : Total polyphenol content of extracts of OCM was 26.41 mg/g, DPPH radical scavenging activity was 32.24% and SOD-like activity was 31.43%. $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibit activity showed 85.3% of acarbose. Blood glucose levels of the OCM extracts-treated groups were lower than those of the diabetic control group (DC), total cholesterol and triglyceride contents were similar to the acarbose-treated group (PC) and ALT, AST were lower than the DC and PC groups. The 300 mg/kg body weight administered group (UM-300) were superior to other OCM-treated groups (UM-100, UM-200). Conclusions : These results showed extract from mixed culture with Tricholoma matsutake mycelium and Cordyceps militaris mycelium in oriental medicine and cereal midium has potentiality to beused in pharmaceutical products and medicinal food for preventive and treatment diabetes mellitus.