• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.65-83
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• 1978

This study was attempted to evaluate the taste of broiled-dried sea mussel which is a traditional dried Sea food in Korea. The contents of such compounds as free amino acids, nucleotides and their related compounds, TMAO, betaine, and nonvolatile organic acids were analysed. From the results of analysis of nucleotides, the contents of AMP and ADP in broiled-dried Mytilus coruscus and Mytilus edulis appeared higher than other nucleotides and tended to increase slightly after cooking, drying, and storage which might be due to both their stability and the addition of degradation of nucleic acids during cooking. In the free amino acid composition of fresh samples abundant amino were taurine, glycine, serine, glutamic acid, alanine, arginine, threonine, tyrosine, lysine and valine in order. Such amino acids as histidine, leucine, methionine and isoleucine were poor and both proline and phenylalanine were merely trace. The free amino acid composition in the extract of Mytilus corucus and Mytilus edulis after broil-drying was not changed. These amino acids, taurine, glycine, feline, glutamic acid, alanine and arginine were abundant in dried samples as well as in the fresh. The total free amino acid was greatly reduced after cooking and drying ranging from $76.3\%$ to $79.7\%$ loss to that of tile fresh. The content of betaine shelved the same tendency as in total free amino acid while TMA slightly increased relating to TMAO decrease during broil-frying. Such nonvolatile organic acids as succinic, lactic, malic and fumaric acid were abundant in both fresh and broiled-dried samples whereas oxalic and pyruvic acid were poor. It is found that the taste compounds of broiled-dried Mytilus coruscus and Mytilus edulis were composed of amino acids as glycine, serine, alanine, glutamic acid, arginine, and betaine, TMAO, ADP, AMP, and organic acids such as succinic acid, lactic acid, malic acid and fumaric acid. No significant differences in the taste compounds between male and female as well as between Mytilus coruscus and Mytilus edulis was not observed.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.136-140
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• 1999

Characteristics of organic acid degradation by isolated yeast strain was investigated. Optimum initial pH was 5. Increase in cell mass was proportional to the decrease in organic acid degradation. Also no accumulation of byproduct was observed during degradation. Acetic acid degraded fast, followed by butyric acid and propionic acid in order. No significant substrate inhibition was observed up to 12 g/L of acetic acid 7 g/L of propionic acid, respectively. However, inhibition of butyric acid was significant above 4 g/L. Cell mass yield was 0.2-0.4 g cell/g acids and decreased at high decreased at high organic acid concentration. 95% of organic acid (7.5 g/L), corresponding to 13,000 ppm, was degraded in 30-40 hours.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.162-166
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• 1994

Gas chromatography를 이용한 profiling과 신속한 동정을 여러 알코올 음료(적포도주, 백포도주, 맥주, 브랜디)속에 존재하는 휘발성 및 비휘발성 유기산의 동시분석에 적용하여 보았다. 흡착제로 Chromorb P와 용출용매로 diethyl ethe를 사용하는 고체상추출법을 이용하여 알코올 음료로부터 유기산을 분리한 후, triethylammonium염으로 만들었다. 그 후 유기산을 tert.-butyldimethylsilyl 유도체로 만들어 극성이 다른 DB-5와 DB-1701 두 컬럼으로 동시분석하였다. 두 컬럼에서 분리된 유기산 피크들을 dual capillary column system의 retention index (RI) library 탐색과 면적비(AR) 비교로 신속하고 정확하게 동정할 수 있었으며 이들을 GC-MS로 확인하였다. 알코올 음료들의 유기산 분석결과, fatty acid, dioc acid, hydroxy acid, aromatic acid 등 29가지의 유기산이 동정되었고 각 음료의 증류에 따라 특징적인 유기산 GC profile을 나타내었다. 각 음료의 GC profile의 유기산 조성만을 단순화시킨 RI spectra로 표현한 결과, 각 음료의 유기산 패턴의 분별이 매우 용이하였으며, Direct comparison법을 시도해 본 결과, 998 ppt의 match quality값을 나타내어 임의의 시료가 적포도주임을 알 수 있었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.856-864
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• 2019

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate effects of mixed organic acids (MOA) on nutrient digestibility, volatile fatty acids composition and intestinal microbiota in growing-finishing pigs fed high wheat bran diet. Methods: Six crossbred barrows ($Duroc{\times}Landrace{\times}Yorkshire$), with an average body weight $78.8{\pm}4.21kg$, fitted with T-cannulas at the distal ileum, were allotted to a double $3{\times}3$ Latin square design with 3 periods and 3 diets. Each period consisted of a 5-d adjustment period followed by a 2-d total collection of feces and then a 2-d collection of ileal digesta. The dietary treatments included a corn-soybean-wheat bran basal diet (CTR), mixed organic acid 1 diet (MOA1; CTR+3,000 mg/kg OA1), mixed organic acid 2 diet (MOA2; CTR+2,000 mg/kg OA2). Results: Pigs fed MOA (MOA1 or MOA2) showed improved (p<0.05) apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy, dry matter and organic matter, and pigs fed MOA2 had increased (p<0.05) ATTD of neutral detergent fiber compared to CTR. Dietary MOA supplementation decreased (p<0.05) pH value, and improved (p<0.01) concentrations of lactic acid and total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) in ileum compared to CTR. Pigs fed MOA showed higher (p<0.05) concentration of acetic acid, and lower (p<0.05) content of formic acid in feces compared to CTR. Pigs fed MOA1 had increased (p<0.05) concentration of TVFA and butyric acid in feces. Pigs fed MOA1 showed higher concentration of Lactobacillus and lower concentration of Escherichia in feces compared to CTR. Conclusion: Dietary supplementation of MOA 1 or 2 could improve nutrients digestibility, TVFA concentration and intestinal flora in growing-finishing pigs fed high fiber diet.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.121-124
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• 2000

본 연구의 목적은 식품부산물로부터 유기산 생산 및 분리 농축에 있다. 회분식 발효를 실시하여 균주의 최적 발효조건을 구하여 세포 재순환식 연속 발효공정에 적용한 결과, CSL의 최적 함량은 2.5%로 나타났으며 수율과 생산성은 각각 0.80g total acid/g glucose, 0.26g total acid/L/h로 향상 되었다. 세포 재순환식 연속발효 결과, 최대 유기산 생산성은 희석률 0.2/h에서 3.32g organic acid/L/h로 회분식 발효와 비교해 볼 때 최대 생산성으로는 13배, 세포량으로는 22배 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 최적 추출시스템은 30%w/w TOA/MIBK로 나타났으며, 발효액내의 유기산을 약 90%까지 분리 및 농축할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.305-310
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• 1990

건조오정어의 추요 유기산생분올 조사하고 이들 성분의 추출용매와 추출시간에 따른 함량의 변화를 조사하였다. 건조오징어의 주요 유기산 성분은 lactic acid, pyroglutamic acid, succinic acid 및 citric acid였고 이들중 lactic acid와 pyrogluta­-mic acid가 전체 유기산의 85% 이상을 차지 하였다. 물로써 추출했을 때 추출 2시간에 310.1mg%로 가장 높았고 70% 에탄올로 추출했을 때 동일 추출시간에서 347.6mg%로 까장 높게 냐타났으며 그 이후에는 점차 감소하는 경향올 보였다. 한편 추출시간의 경과에 따라 천채척언 유기산의 총량은 다소 차이가 있었으나 개별 유기산의 조성비는 큰 차이가 없었다.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.187-197
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• 2013

To understand the characteristics of organic aerosol(OA) at the background atmosphere of Korea, an observation of atmospheric PM10 was conducted at a Global Atmospheric Watch(GAW) station operated by the Korean Meteorological Administration at Anmyon Island during 2010. Various organic compounds were analyzed from 26 samples by using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. Water soluble organic carbon(WSOC) was also analyzed by using a total organic carbon(TOC) analyzer. Among 6 classes with 68 target compounds detected, the classes of n-alkanoic and alkenoic acids ($326.67{\pm}75.40ngm^{-3}$) and dicarboxylic acids ($323.74{\pm}361.89ngm^{-3}$) were found to be major compound classes in the atmosphere of Anmyon Island. Compared to the previous results reported for 2005 spring samples at Gosan site, the concentrations of organic compounds at Anmyon Island were 3-10 times higher than Gosan site due to the difference of location and sampling period. The concentrations of organic compounds were varied with the atmospheric conditions. Significant increase of the concentrations of dicarboxylic and carboxylic acids in the smog episode indicated that secondary oxidation of organic compounds was major factor to increase OA concentration during smog episode in the Anmyon Island. It was found that the compositions of the OA measured at Anmyon Island were dependent on the air parcel trajectories.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2009

돼지의 장 및 분변에서 분리한 14종의 유산균으로부터 항세균 활성물질을 분석하였다. 각 균주의 세포배양액을 대상으로 여러 종류의 단백질 분해효소와 열, 알칼리 처리 등을 수행한 후 활성도를 조사한 결과, 효소 및 열처리 시료에서는 활성도가 유지되었으나, 1M의 NaOH로 중화 처리한 시료에서는 활성도가 사라짐에 따라, 항세균 활성물질이 단백질성이라기보다 유기산일 가능성이 큰 것으로 나타났다. Sep-pak $C_{18}$ Cartridges을 이용한 음이온 추출실험과 Bio-LC system을 이용한 high performance anion exchange chromatography를 실시하여 물질을 정제한 결과, 주요 활성물질로 옥살산, 구연산, 젖산 및 초산 등, 4종류의 유기산이 검출되었다. 이중 젖산은 각 균주에 따라 전체 유기산의 54~77%를 차지하는 것으로 나타나 유기산 중에서도 일차적인 항세균 활성물질일 것으로 추정된다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.849-857
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• 2016

복분자 딸기의 숙기별 단계를 미숙기(개화 후 10일), 등숙기(개화 후 25일)로 나누고 복분자 과실 성숙단계별 화학적 특징을 조사한 결과, 총 페놀함량은 미숙기 복분자 딸기4.00-7.56%, 등숙기 복분자 딸기 3.38-5.57%였다. 복분자 딸기의 유기산으로는 미숙기와 등 숙기 복분자 딸기에 모두 malic acid, citric acid, succinic acid 및 oxalic acid를 함유하고 있으며, 복분자 과실의 성숙단계별 총 유기산 함량은 미숙기 복분자 딸기 16.4 mg/100 g, 등숙기 복분자 딸기 28.82 mg/100 g으로 조사되었다. 복분자 과실에 함유된 유기산 중 citric acid 함량은 8.76-15.47 mg/100 g으로 다른 유기산 함량(1.23-5.54 mg/100 g)에 비해 가장 많은 비중을 차지하고 있었다. 복분자 미숙딸기와 완숙딸기에서의 가용성 당 함량은 과실의 성숙이 진행됨에 따라 증가하여 등숙기 복분자 딸기의 총 가용성 당은 21.54%로 미숙기의 복분자 딸기 11.07%보다 더 많이 함유하고 있었다. 이는 복분자 과실의 숙기단계별 화학적 특징 비교에 근거하여 총 페놀, 유기산 및 가용성 당 함량이 완숙상태에서 다량 함유하고 있음을 확인하였다. 복분자 잎, 열매, 줄기 등 부위별로 추출한 추출물을 이용한 농업해충 3종(복숭아혹진딧물, 배추좀나방 및 담배거세미나방)에 대한 살충활성을 본 결과, 복분자 잎추출물이 배추좀나방에 대해 가장 우수한 살충효과의 잠재성을 나타내었다. 앞으로 이들의 구성성분을 이용한 바이오소재 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.615-620
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• 1998

The readily fermentable carbon sources in swine were acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid at the average concentrations of 7.2 g/L, 2.2 g/L and 2.7 g/L, respectively. The swine waste also contained excess nitrogen and other mineral sources. In shake flask experiments, the optimal range of cell growth for Azotobacter vinelandii UWD were 1.0∼3.5 g/L of acetic acid, 0.7∼2.0 g/L of propionic acid and 0.5∼2.0 g/L of butyric acid. A mixture of these three acids simulating two times diluted swine waste supported the best cell growth but the amount of carbon sources was limited. In shake flask and fermentor experiments, an addition of 30 g/L of glucose increased the final cell dry weight 8 times while the final poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) concentration increased 86 times compared with using acid mixture only. A. vinelandii UWD preferred organic acids in the sequence of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid.