• 한국조리학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.215-224
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• 2008

The objective for this research was to clarify the preference for alternative restaurants with different combinations of factor levels: local specialty food, non-local specialty food, very attentive service, moderately attentive service, not attentive service, traditional decoration, modern decoration, \10,000, \15,000, and \20,000. Total 230 copies of questionnaire were completed. Conjoint experiment method was used to develop full restaurant profiles. Ordinal probit model was used to measure the effects of factor levels on the preference. Results of the study demonstrated that the ordinal probit model analysis result for the data also indicated a good model fit. The effects of factor levels on the preference were statistically significant. As expected, the estimates of implicit price to pay were statistically significant. Moreover, the customers were more willing to pay for local specialty than other factor levels. The customers also considered the food factor as a very important factor. This research suggested that the customer's decision-making process for restaurants was best modeled as a conjoint experiment method that combines various factor levels. And it showed the results could be used as good data for understanding the relationships between the factors and preference in choosing food and restaurants in tourist areas.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.18-28
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• 2006

Some issues which should be considered in an R&D project selection problem are as follows: First, quantitative analysis on the efficiencies of R&D projects is required to guarantee objective validity in the evaluation of the projects. For this reason, the methodology for selecting R&D projects should be based on mathematical models that perform quantitative analysis. Second, in general there are ordinal factors like Likert-scale in the data for evaluating R&D projects. Previous researches, however, couldn't suggest explicit methods incorporating these ordinal factors into models. Third, for the R&D project selection problems with limited resources like budget, it is necessary to decide the perfect ranking of the all projects. This paper develops a mathematical model that can be applicable to the problems of selecting R&D projects with the previous features. In this paper, we improve the original DEA model for evaluating efficiency to incorporate ordinal factors and suggest a new model which can decide the perfect ranking of all projects by merging the improved DEA model and AHP method. Furthermore a web-based R&D project selection system using the DEA/AHP model suggested in this paper is developed and illustrated.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.376-399
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• 2008

최근 연구개발 투자규모가 급속히 증가함에 따라 정부는 R&D사업의 투자효율성을 높이기 위한 다양한 정책을 구사하고 있다. 구체적으로 R&D사업에 대한 성과평가를 강화하고 평가결과를 예산의 조정 및 배분에 반영하는 등 성과중심의 평가체계를 정착시키기 위해 노력하고 있다. 이처럼 국가연구개발사업에 대한 평가가 성과중심으로 체계화되기 위해서는 R&D 성과물을 과학적 객관적으로 분석할 수 있는 성과지표의 개발이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 전 부처 연구개발사업에 공통으로 적용할 수 있는 성과지표인 SCI논문지표를 바탕으로 교육과학기술부 3대 연구개발사업에 대한 구체적인 사례분석을 실시하여 이들 사업이 우리나라 전체 R&D에서 차지하는 질적 양적 위상을 파악하고자 하였다. 이러한 분석을 위해 SCI 관련 기존지표와 더불어 4개의 신규지표를 소개하였고 신규지표들의 타당성 조사를 위해 모의실험을 실시하였다. 그 결과 보완된 순위보정영향력지수(ordinal rank normalized impact factor, omIF)가 분야간 비교 시 가장 적절한 성과지표인 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2022

본 논문에서는 다중 요인을 고려한 천연 가스 누출 정도 예측을 위해 관련 요인을 포함하는 기상청 자료와 천연가스 누출 자료를 통합하고, 요인 분석을 기반으로 중요 특성을 선택하는 머신러닝 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법은 3단계 절차로 구성되어 있다. 먼저, 통합 데이터 셋에 대해 선형 보간법을 수행하여 결측 데이터를 보완하는 전처리를 수행한다. 머신러닝 모델 학습 최적화를 위해 OrdinalEncoder(OE) 기반 정규화와 함께 요인 분석을 사용하여 필수 특징을 선택하며, 데이터 셋은 k-평균 클러스터링으로 레이블을 지정한다. 최종적으로 K-최근접 이웃, DT(Decision Tree), RF(Random Forest), NB(Naive Bayes)의 네 가지 알고리즘을 사용하여 가스 누출 수준을 예측한다. 제안된 방법은 정확도, AUC, 평균 표준 오차(MSE)로 평가되었으며, 테스트 결과 OE-F 전처리를 수행한 경우 기존 기법에 비해 성공적으로 개선되었음을 보였다. 또한 OE-F 기반 KNN(OE-F-KNN)은 95.20%의 정확도, 96.13%의 AUC, 0.031의 MSE로 비교 알고리즘 중 최고 성능을 보였다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.123-135
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• 1997

The solid waste incineration facilities which cause environmental pollution. And those are some kind of loathing facilities for residents who do not want it. This problem could be solved by location feasibility study. The purpose of location feasibility study was to determine one site out of three candidate sites. This study which was done by the law, environmental and economic factor was considered for optimum site selection. Comparative evaluation among the candidate sites was done by ordinal scale and thus the optimum site was selected.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.927-940
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• 2023

Online shopping has been undergoing significant developments in the South Asian region in the last decade. Using a representative sample of Sri Lankan consumers, this study explored online food purchasing behavior in Sri Lanka, a developing nation and island in South Asia. Data were collected from 562 respondents from all nine provinces in Sri Lanka using an online survey. Consumer attitudes were evaluated using factor analysis, and factor scores were added as explanatory variables to the final model. An ordered logistic regression model was used to examine the impact of consumer demographics, economic variables, and consumer attitudes on online food purchases. Online food purchasing intensity was categorized into four groups that suited ordinal rankings: zero for never, low for rarely, medium for occasionally, and high for regularly. Results indicated that age, income, education, and living in urban areas affect the online food purchasing behavior of Sri Lankan consumers. In addition, trust, convenience, and attitudes toward price were powerful drivers of online food purchasing. The findings have a number of significant managerial ramifications for creating strategies to promote online food purchases in developing South Asian nations like Sri Lanka. Moreover, promoting online shopping could be a potential solution for traffic congestion, ultimately helping to mitigate the negative externalities associated with it, such as carbon emissions and air pollution.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate sub-health status (SHS) of people living in China during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 is a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection-induced acute infectious disease, which is featured by universal susceptibility and strong infectivity, and SHS (a status of low quality health) refers to a status of low-quality health. COVID-19 has gradually developed into a global pandemic, making the public in a high stress situation in physiological, psychological and social states in the short term. Methods: From March 6 to 11, 2020, a large-scale cross-sectional survey was conducted by convenient sampling, and SHS assessment scale was used in the questionnaire. The ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors affecting SHS. Results: In this study, 17,078 questionnaires were delivered with 16,820 effective questionnaires collected, and 10,715 subjects (63.7%) were found with SHS, with moderate SHS primarily. Physiological sub-scale scored the highest, followed by psychological and social sub-scales. Ordinal logistic regression analysis indicated that man, only-child, workers and farmers were risk factors of SHS. Protective factors of SHS included living in rural areas and townships, laid-off retirees and education degree. Conclusion: It shows many people in China place in a poor health status during COVID-19 pandemic. It is necessary that relevant departments pay more attention to people with poor health such as men, only-child, urban people, workers and farmers, and groups with high education degree during and after pandemic stabilization.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.909-922
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• 2014

부등제한 조건 (>,<,=)과 관련된 베이지안 추론에서 다음의 세 가지 주제에 대하여 기존의 연구와 최근의 연구동향 그리고 추후 연구주제에 대하여 살펴보았다 : ⅰ) 모수에 대한 여러 부등제한 조건들의 비교, ⅱ) 모수에 부등제한 조건을 부여하는 것이 타당하다고 할 때 모수의 동등성에 관한 동시 다중 검정, ⅲ) 순서적 범주형 변수에 대한 분할표에서 스코어 모수에 순서적 부등제한 조건을 가정 할 때 스코어 모수의 동등성에 대한 다중 검정.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제30권6D호
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• pp.577-585
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• 2010

교통사고는 사람과 자동차, 도로환경 등의 여러 요인들이 결합되어 발생됨으로 요인들에 대한 과학적, 심층적인 조사와 분석을 통해 사고요인을 사전에 제거하여 유사한 형태로 반복되는 사고를 예방하는 것이 중요하다. 특히, 인적요인은 교통사고에 있어 큰 부분을 차지하고 있어 인적요인에 의한 음주교통사고는 경각심을 갖고 해결해야 할 중요한 사회적 문제이다. 연구는 교통사고자료를 활용하여 사고 빈도와 사고 심각성에 영향을 주는 요인에 대해 분석한다. 교통사고를 음주 및 비음주 사고로 분류하고, 비음주 사고에 대한 음주 사고 발생 가능성에 대해 로그선형모형을 이용하여 변수간의 관계성을 분석한다. 음주교통사고 영향요인으로는 여성보다는 남성이, 비승용차 운전자보다는 승용차 운전자가 음주관련 사고 발생가능성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 연령의 증가, 커브구간, 단일로, 노면 불량상태 등에서도 발생가능성이 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 또한, 음주교통사고의 경중을 고려한 심각성 분석을 위해 순위회귀모형의 적용 가능성을 탐색하였다. 종속변수가 이산적 특성과 함께 순위적 특징을 보일 경우 순위회귀모형이 적용되어야 하는데, 종속변수가 정성적 표현이 아닌 단지 순위를 반영하는데 유익한 모형이다. 사고의 심각성 분석에서 교통사고 발생시간대, 기후, 도로형태, 사고유형, 성별, 차량종류 등에 의해 심각성이 가중됨을 알 수 있었다. 계절적으로는 봄과 겨울이 사고의 심각성이 증대되며 반면에 여름과 가을은 감소될 가능성이 높았다.

• 산업공학
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.349-358
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• 2004

The organizations that adopted ISO 9000:1994 have upgraded to ISO 9001:2000 family through transition period by December, 2003. This paper focuses on the implementation of ISO 9001:2000 QMS in Busan and Kyungnam provinces where most machinery and metal manufacturing companies are located. Based on the questionnaire survey, we calculate ordinal association measures of requirements questions, perform factor analysis, and test three hypotheses to ascertain if there is any difference in implementing ISO 9001:2000 QMS. Results show that a professional manager-CEO maintains QMS general requirements(4.1), work environment(6.4), measurement analysis and improvement general(8.1), and monitoring and measurement(8.2) better than an owner-CEO. In addition, it has been found that customer focus(5.2) and improvement(8.5) are well maintained in companies by internal developmental reasons, and infrastructure(6.3) and purchasing(7.4) are well maintained by companies with long term implementation.