• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.129-140
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• 2009

Objectives: This study aimed to examined the socioeconomic disparities in oral health related behaviors and to assess if those behaviors eliminate socioeconomic disparities in oral health in a nationally representative sample of adults aged 30-64. Methods: Data are from the Korea Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005). Behaviors were indicated by smoking, over intake of daily calories from carbohydrate, perceived stress, frequency of daily tooth brushing, use of oral hygiene goods, insufficient oral treatment. Oral health outcomes were self-reported dental caries and periodontitis during the last 12 months and perceived oral health. Education, household income, and employed status indicated socioeconomic position. Sex, age, residential area, marital status were adjusted for in the logistic regression analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess socioeconomic disparities in behaviors. Logistic regression model adjusting and not adjusting for behaviors were compared to assess the change in socioeconomic disparities in oral health. Results: Clear socioeconomic disparities in all behaviors were showed. After adjusting for behaviors, the association between oral health and socioeconomic indicators attenuated but did not disappear. For example, the odd ratios of reporting poorer oral health for persons in no education or elementary school education and middle school education groups, compared with college or higher education group, were 1.77 (95% CI: 1.36-2.29) and 1.56 (1.19-1.97), respectively. After adjusting for all indicators of behaviors, these odds ratios attenuated to 1.54 (1.17-2.03) and 1.48 (1.15-1.91) for those groups, respectively. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the presence of more complex determinants of socioeconomic disparities in oral health should be considered with developing preventive policies for those disparities.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of major chronic diseases related to daily oral water intake and to identify the physiological parameters related to dehydration in Korean elderly. Methods: The data were collected from the sixth Korea Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KHANES), which was a nationwide and cross-sectional survey in 2015. We analyzed 1,392 participants using t-test and logistic regression. All participants were divided into the adequate water intake (AWI) group and the non-adequate water intake (NAWI) group based on the dietary reference intakes for Koreans. Results: There was a significant difference in the water intake between the AWI (6.8 cups in a day) and NAWI (2.8 cups) groups (p< .001). There was no statistically significant association between the level of water intake and any of the major chronic diseases. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and BUN/Creatinine (Cr) ratio were significantly higher in the NAWI group. Especially, BUN/Cr ratio shows that the NAWI group reached dehydration status. Older age (adjusted odd ratio, OR= 1.07, 95% confidence interval, CI [1.04-1.10]), female gender (adjusted OR= 1.56, 95% CI [1.05-2.33]), lower body mass index (BMI) (adjusted OR = 1.00, 95% CI [0.92-1.00]), higher BUN (adjusted OR = 1.04, 95% CI [1.01-1.08]), and higher urine specific gravity (USG) (adjusted OR= 1.56, 95% CI [1.19-2.05]) were factors associated with the NAWI group. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the level of water intake needs to be considered in relation to age, gender, BMI, BUN, and USG. These are sensitive physiological parameters used for predicting dehydration of the elderly according to their daily oral water intake. It would be helpful to develop strategies to prevent dehydration in elderly individuals and enhance their water intake.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2018

Taste is closely related to intake of food. Taste perception is also influenced by type of food ingested, and nutrition and health status. Bitter taste plays an important role in the survival of human and animals to avoid probable toxic and harmful substances. Vertebrate animals recognize bitter taste through type 2 taste receptors (T2Rs). Several T2Rs have been expressed extra-oral such as the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, urogenital tract, brain and immune cells, and parts of their functions are being revealed. This review will discuss physiological roles of T2Rs in relation to innate immunity, secretion and smooth muscle contraction expressed in extra-oral cells and tissues, and we summarize relationships between polymorphisms in T2Rs and general or oral diseases. It is not a coincidence that animals pay much genetic costs for taste and smell during evolution.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.943-953
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• 2016

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the association between intake of energy, calcium and protein and permanent teeth caries in Korean children. Methods: Research data were obtained from the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and 1,274 Korean children within 9 to 12 years were selected as subjects for the study. The DMFT index, nutrition factors including total energy and protein intake, and degree of calcium intake were identified Chi-square test was performed to assess the difference of distribution in socioeconomic status, oral health behavior and nutrition factors according to sex. Multilevel linear regression analysis was performed to identify the relationship between DMFT index and the related variables. Results: Significant differences in energy, protein and Ca intake were confirmed according to the sex. Among 10 year-old children who intake total energy less than the recommended had few dental caries (p=0.058, ${\beta}=-0.411$). In addition, 11-year-old children having protein intake more than the recommended experienced dental caries (p=0.02, ${\beta}=0.588$). Conclusions: These results suggest that, there is significant differences between intake of energy and protein and dental caries among Korean children. However, further researches is needed to confirm between intake of energy and protein as a related factor.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.250-257
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• 2013

본 연구는 삼척소재 유아의 보호자 사회경제적 지위와 구강보건행태에 따른 간식 섭취 실태를 조사하였다. 삼척소재 3개 유치원 148명의 유아 보호자에게 설문조사를 실시한 후 결과를 분석하였으며, 보호자 사회경제적 지위 및 구강보건행태와 유아의 간식섭취 실태의 관련성을 알아보기 위하여 카이제곱검정과 로지스틱회귀분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 당 포함 간식 섭취빈도와 보호자의 교육수준, 그리고 가정의 수입에서 의미 있는 관련성이 검토되었다(p<.05), 또한, 탄산(청량)음료 섭취와 보호자 연령, 가정 수입에 따른 차이가 검토되었다(p<.05). 유아의 간식섭취와 구강보건행태에서는 보호자가 칫솔질을 해주는지 여부와 과일섭취빈도에서 의미 있는 관련성이 발견되었다(p<.05). 유아 보호자 사회경제적 지위 및 구강보건행태와 유아의 간식섭취 실태의 관련성을 로지스틱회귀분석을 통해 살펴본 결과 과일섭취빈도는 보호자 교육수준이 낮을 때 더욱 높았다(2.98(CI:1.01-8.81)). 탄산음료 섭취빈도는 보호자의 연령이 20-29세 일 때(14.51(CI:1.20-176.08)) 가장 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 보상성 당 제공의 경우 보호자 교육수준이 낮을 때(0.18(CI:0.05-0.68) 적게 제공되는 것으로 검토되었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.959-967
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• 2006

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to examine the amount of daily fluid intake among nursing home residents and to explore the caregiver's perceived barriers to elderly's fluid intake. Method: Data was collected from 111 nursing home residents and 64 caregiver's in 4 nursing homes. A random, non-consecutive three days of 24 hour fluid intake was measured and recorded. The caregiver's perceived barriers to elderly's fluid intake was assessed using a structured questionnaire. Results: The average amount of daily fluid intake was 1,035(SD=359)ml with the range of 210m1 to 2,050ml. About 52% (n=58) of the subjects had a less than adequate fluid intake. The amount of daily fluid intake was significantly associated with age, mental status, physical functioning, and the number of oral medications ordered. The most frequently mentioned caregiver's perceived barrier was elderly's concern about incontinence with increased fluid intake. Conclusion: Inadequate fluid intake among nursing home residents is prevalent. To enhance adequate hydration of nursing home residents, an institution wide nursing intervention is necessary.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.3051-3057
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• 2014

본 연구는 객관적인 국가차원의 국민건강영양조사 제5기 원시자료를 활용하여 영양조사의 영양소 섭취량과 구강검진 조사의 항목으로 실시된 영구치우식유병자여부, 우식경험영구치수, 영구치우식경험여부 등의 3가지 항목에 대한 상관관계를 조사하였다. 지방과 리보플라빈 섭취량이 많을수록 우식경험영구치수는 감소하는 것으로 나타났고, 조섬유 섭취량과 나이아신 섭취량이 많을수록 우식경험영구치수는 증가하였다. 또한 영구치우식경험여부와의 영향력 관계에서 식품섭취량이 증가할수록 영구치우식경험여부가 증가하였고, 조섬유, 나트륨, 칼륨, 나이아신 영양소의 섭취량이 증가할수록 치아우식경험이 증가하였다. 이에 반해 수분, 지방, 인, 리보플라빈 영양소의 섭취량이 증가할수록 영구치우식경험율은 감소하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2010

본 연구는 2009년 7월 6일부터 9월 20일까지 가톨릭대학교 서울성모병원 혈액암 병동에 재원 했었던 혈액암 환자 46명을 대상으로 시행하였으며 재원기간 동안의 식사섭취량 변화를 중심으로 영양 상태에 영향을 줄 수 있는 요인을 분석함으로써 영양관리지침을 세우는데 근거를 마련하고자 시작하였다. 이에 본 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 연구 대상자의 성별 구성비는 동일하며 평균 연령은 42.8세이다. 평균 재원기간은 30.4일이며 항암화학요법 후 평균 21일 만에 퇴원하는 것으로 나타났고 재원기간 동안 평균 4.1%로 체중이 감소되는 것으로 조사되었다. 급성골수성백혈병 환자의 비율이 82.6%로 대부분을 차지하였고 항암화학요법의 종류로는 관해요법 39.1%, 공고요법 43.5%, 재관해요법 17.4%로 조사되었다. 2) 비교군 별 비교에 있어서는 영양 상태가 불량한 군에서 항암화학요법 기간이 긴 것으로 분석되었고 관해요법을 받는 환자가 유의적으로 많았다. 3) 비교군 별 경구섭취상태를 조사한 결과 영양권장량에는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으나 경구식사섭취열량이 영양 상태가 양호한 군은 1,525.9 kcal, 불량한 군은 1,143.1 kcal로 유의적인 차이를 보였고, 이 외에도 경구식사섭취단백질량, 경구간식섭취단백질량, 권장량 대비 총 경구섭취열량비율과 단백질섭취비율에 있어서 영양 상태가 양호한 군이 유의적으로 많이 섭취하는 것으로 분석되었다. 4) 항암화학요법 기간 동안의 경구섭취량 변화를 비교한 결과 비교군간 유의적인 차이를 보였을 뿐 아니라 기간별 식사섭취량이 유의적으로 변화되는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 두 군 모두 항암화학요법 후 2주일째 식사섭취량이 급격히 감소되는 경향을 보였다. 기간별 간식섭취량에 있어서는 경구간식섭취단백질량이 항암화학요법 후 2주일째에 비교군간 유의적인 차이를 보였으나 기간별 변화는 유의적이지 않았다. 5) 퇴원 시 영양 상태에 대한 설명력 있는 변수를 로지스틱회귀분석을 통해 분석한 결과, 식사섭취열량과 관련한 대표변수인 권장량 대비 경구섭취열량과 항암화학치료와 관련한 대표변수인 항암화학요법 종류 모두 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과 항암치료를 받고 있는 혈액암 환자의 퇴원시 영양 상태와 관련한 요인은 권장량 대비 경구섭취열량과 항암화학요법 종류로 분석되었으며 항암화학요법 후 2주째 식사섭취량이 급격히 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 항암화학요법 기간 동안의 영양 상태 저하를 예방하기 위해 항암화학요법 종류와 경구섭취량의 변화 기간을 고려한 영양관리 접근이 효율적일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 한편 본 연구는 혈액암 병동에 재원 했었던 백혈병 환자를 대상으로 입원부터 퇴원까지 전 기간 동안의 경구 섭취량을 분석한 최초의 연구라는 점에 의의를 둘 수 있지만 정맥영양공급량을 고려하지 못한 것과 경구 섭취량을 감소시키는 주요인을 함께 분석하지 못했다는 것에 제한점이 있다. 이에 향후 본 연구를 기초로 제한점을 보완한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2015

Objectives: The aim of the study is to investigate the health belief model affecting the oral health behavior in middle and high school students. Methods: The subjects were 296 middle and high school students in Seoul, Gyeonggi and Incheon from February 15 to March 21, 2014. The students filled out the self-reported questionnaires after receiving informed consents. The instrument was adopted and revised from those of Kim & Hwang, and Choi & Joo. The questionnaire consisted of 4 questions of general characteristics, 9 questions of oral health status including subjective oral health status, frequency of tooth brushing, duration of tooth brushing, method of tooth brushing, use of oral health devices, dental clinic visit, scaling services, snack intake, and smoking. The oral health belief consisted of 25 questions including susceptibility, seriousness, barriers, benefit, and self-efficacy using Likert 5 scale. The reliability of Cronbach's alpha in the study was 0.725. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver 18.0 for frequency analysis, t-test, ANOVA, ${\chi}^2$-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient, simple regression, and binary logistic regression. Results: Oral health beliefs of middle and high school students affected the oral health behaviors. Susceptibility, barriers and self-efficacy also influenced on the oral health behaviors. In order to provide the best oral health education, susceptibility and self-efficacy are the primary factors to increase motivation because the motivation endows the students with correction of oral health behaviors that improve the knowledge, attitudes, and decrease barriers in oral hygiene. Conclusions: It is important to correct oral health behaviors in the middle and high school students by providing the continuing and systematic oral health education.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of home care nursing intervention with parenteral hydration and IV anti-emetic therapy on distress, nutritional status, anxiety, depression and QOL in gynecologic cancer patients who were undergoing combination chemotherapy. Methods: Quasi-experimental design was used to test the intervention. Changes of result variables were measured to evaluate effects of the intervention. variables consisted of serum lab results(auto analytic equipment for lab), symptom distress Scale(McCorkle & Young, 1978; Song et al., 2000), nutritional status(body weight, circumference of upper arm, serum protein, serum albumin, oral intake per day), anxiety(Spielberger, 1972; Kim & Shin, 1978), depression(Zung, 1965; Kim, 1995) and QOL(Padilla et al., 1983; Lee & Jo, 1996). Subjects were selected among gynecologic cancer patients(EG 15 patients and CG 15 patients) by convenient sampling. Data collection was done from June to Nov. in 2000. Data were analyzed by Chi-test and Mann-whitney U test using SPSS Win 10.0. Result: Hypothesis 1, the EG receiving this intervention equals to lab test(Hb & ANC, GOT & GPT, BUN & Cr) the CG, was supported(u=69.50 p=.074; u=94.50, p= .455; u= 89.50, p= .339; u=106.50, p= .803; u=75.00, p= .119; u=97.50, p= .523). Hypothesis 2, the EG has less symptom distress than the CG, was also supported(u=43.50, p= .004). Hypothesis 3, the EG has higher nutritional status than the CG, was partially supported on daily oral intake (u=59.00, p= .025). Hypothesis 4, the EG has less anxiety than the CG, was rejected(u=86.50, p= .280). Hypothesis 5, the EG has less depression than the CG, was rejected(u=203.50, p= .228). and the last hypothesis 6, the EG has higher QOL than the CG was supported (u=51.50, p= .011). Conclusion: Home care nursing intervention undergone in this study was found to be effective to reduce patients' symptom distress and to improve their oral intake and QOL.