• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.553-562
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine actual conditions of smoking and alcohol drinking behaviors among high school students, so that it could recognize possible harmful effects of smoking on oral health and could give positive motivations for students to quit smoking and drinking. Methods : This research was based on self-filling survey which 1,385 high school students in metropolitan area in Korea from September 5 to October 28, 2011. Surveyed data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test and logistic analysis using SPSS WIN 12.0 program and its signification level was 0.05. Results : 1. As for smoking rate and drinking rate, boy students accounted for 11.6% and 25.4%, thereby having been higher than girl students(p<.001). It was the highest in over 180 cm(16.0%, 35.0%, p<.001) for height, in 60-under 70 kg for weight(13.4%, 23.5%, p<.001), and in a case of profession for mother's job(13.8%, 28.4%, p<.005). 2. The perceived oral symptoms had relationship with the less than 10 cigarettes of smoke (OR=2.41; 95% CI:1.31-4.41), more than 11 cigarettes of smoke (OR=3.16; 95% CI:1.42-7.00) and more than 1 bottle of alcohol (OR=1.75; 95% CI:1.00-3.06). Conclusions : This result implies that adolescents' smoking and drinking have correlation with oral health status, which makes uncomfortable sense felt given chewing along with the pain in teeth and gum. Based on the above findings, a school or community needs to reinforce education for preventing smoking and drinking and to offer environment available for practicing anti-smoking and anti-drinking plan, in order to reduce adolescents' smoking and drinking.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1173-1182
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the factors related to the dental caries and periodontal diseases of Korean elderly people in terms of demographic characteristics, oral health promotion behavior and systemic diseases in an effort to provide information on national policy setting and policy evaluation about the prevention of tooth loss resulting from severe oral diseases and the promotion of elderly people's oral health. Methods : The first-, second- and third-year raw data of the 4th National Health and Nutrition Survey were utilized, and the data of 3,882 elderly people who got a dental checkup were analyzed. The statistical package SPSS WIN 19.0 was employed to make a logistic regression analysis. Results : The senior citizens who did toothbrushing less frequently were more likely to have dental caries. As for periodontal diseases, the men were 1.34-fold more likely to have periodontal diseases than the women, and the respondents whose self-rated health state was worse were 1.40-fold more likely to have periodontal diseases than the others whose self-rated health state was better. The senior citizens who ever received treatment from unqualified people were 1.30-fold more likely to have peridontal diseases, and those who took neither vitamin compound nor minerals were 1.30-fold more likely to have periodontal diseases. Those who suffered from low High-density Lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL) were 1.35-fold more likely to have periodontal diseases than the others who didn't. Conclusions : Those whose self-rated health status is worse should especially be concerned about periodontal diseases. Specifically, it's needed to pay attention to the low-income classes, and the government should take measures to provide quality welfare services for elderly people not to receive treatment from unqualified people. Besides, research efforts should be made to determine the relationship between periodontal diseases and low HDL-cholesterolemia.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.607-614
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• 2013

This study has been conducted to investigate the effect of self awareness of halitosis on the quality of life related to oral health in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis and use basic data related to oral health of patients with chronic renal failure which is very rare in Korea. In terms of oral symptoms based on awareness of halitosis, there were significant differences in symptoms of teeth pain in the past one month, bleeding gums, symptoms of tongue or cheek pain, dry mouth, In terms of status of oral functions, there were significant differences in discomfort upon chewing foods, difficulty of pronunciation and presence of lost teeth. As the results of analysis of effect of self awareness of halitosis on the quality of life related to oral health in patients with chronic renal failure, it was shown that there were significant effects in psychological discomfort(B=-2.028, p<.01), poor social skills(B=2.596, p<.01) and social disadvantage(B=-2.173, p<.01). Thus, because self awareness of halitosis gives psychologically and socially negative effects, it could be an important factor to patients with renal failure whose number is rapidly increasing.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.419-428
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of pre-school children's past lactation types and food habits on dental health status. This study was carried out by analyzing the information obtained from oral inspection of 163 preschool children and questionnaires answered by their mothers. The results are as follows: 1. 80.4% of the preschool children have decayed and filled teeth. 2. The older they are, the more decayed and filled teeth they have 3. The earlier they started to have weaning foods, the more decayed and filled teeth they have. Preschool children who started weaning foods after 12 months of their birth have significantly more decayed and filled teeth. 4. Preschool children who had weaning foods by using milk-bottles have significantly more decayed and filled teeth than others. 5. Preschool children who had weaning foods regularly have significantly less decayed and filled teeth. 6. Preschool children who have frequently skipped breakfast have the least decayed and filled teeth. 7. Preschool children who would like to have sweet things have significantly more decayed and filled teeth than others.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1436-1443
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to differences in the expression rate of Porphyromonas gingivalis according to smoking status, smoking amount and period of smoking. Methods: At the time of investigation, 30 smokers and non-smokers were recruited among patients with periodontitis with a probing pocket depth(PPD) of 4 mm or more. General information was collected using a self-questionnaire, and the average value was used by a dentist to measure the probing pocket depth of three times each for the first or second molar. Plaque collection and analysis were performed by collecting only subgingival plaque using a conventional method, and the expression rate of P. gingivalis was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For statistical analysis, the SPSS Ver 25.0 program was used. Results: Smoking did not have a significant effect on the expression of P. gingivalis, but it did affect the expression of more type II genotypes (p<0.05). In addition, smokers had more slight periodontal pocket, and the amount and duration of smoking did not affect the expression of P. gingivalis. Conclusions: In the future, it is necessary to reinforce the group of smokers and non-smokers with healthy oral conditions, and to investigate the quantitative difference in the expression rate and genotype of P. gingivalis over time of harmful substances in smoking.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.153-159
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to grasp the internet use time that young people use for purposes other than learning purpose, to grasp the perceived status of the youth according to internet use time and to grasp the interrelationships of them. Using the 2016 youth health behavior online survey, the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of perceived status according to internet use time were calculated by binary logistic regression analysis. The main results are as follows. In perceived health and perceived oral health the odds ratios of perceived who feel that they are perceived and unhealthy as the time spent using the Internet increased significantly compared to those who did not use the Internet for learning purposes. In the perceived body type, the odds ratio of being overweight increased significantly with longer internet use time. The odds ratios of perceived happiness were 1.19 times (CI = 1.10-1.30) higher than the perceived expectation of unhappiness when using the Internet for over 300 minutes. The use of the internet for a long time other than the purpose of learning may have a negative effect on the health and happiness of the youth, so we think that the recommended time for using the internet is necessary.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.292-299
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate parental knowledge and attitude and practices relating to infant oral health care and to promote their motivations to their children's oral health care. Authors interviewed 350 persons in Ilwon-Dong and whose children were between 0 to 36 months old and acquired questionnaire from them. The questionnaire constituted of questions about general knowledge of tooth eruption, methods of oral hygiene care, and opinions about preventive dental visit. The collected data were analysed and compared with other researches. The important results obtained from this study were : 1. Females and highly educated persons had more dental knowledge than males and poorly educated persons. But age and economic status did not affect their level of dental knowledge. 2. Fifty nine percents of respondents thought that tooth began to be formed before birth. 3. Seventy six percents of respondents thought that infant oral health care should begin before tooth eruption, but actually only 63% started oral hygiene care before age one. 4. Seventy percents of respondents used gauze for infant oral care. 5. Fifty seven percents of respondents still gave bottles to their children after they reached age one or more and 55% of respondents never heard of nursing caries. 6. Ninety percents of respondents agreed that carious deciduous teeth need restorations, and 31% of respondents thought that age two is the appropriate time for the first dental visit. 7. Forty seven percents of parents did not think that dental caries is an infectious disease. 8. Only Thirty three percents of parents visited dental clinics for examination and prevention during pregnancy and only 11% of expecting parents were offered dental health care education in pediatric or obstetrician clincs. 9. Information about oral health care was mostly given from baby megazines. 10. Overall parental knowledge about infant oral health care was not sufficient to maintain appropriate dental care for infants.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.639-644
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• 2008

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the number of live and dead bacteria attached to, or within, the stratified squamous epithelium lining the tissue side of the gingival sulcus. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 patients was examined and classified into healthy or diseased sites according to inflammatory status of the gingival tissue. The surface of stratified squamous epithelium was removed by gentle scraping of the gingival sulcus with curettes. The cells were processed in the laboratory by density-gradient centrifugation to separate the epithelial cells from the loose bacteria and debris. The LIVE/$DEAD^{(R)}$ $BacLight^{TM}$ Bacterial Viability Kit was applied and the specimens were observed by an epifluorescent microscope and the number of bacteria was counted. Results: Live and dead bacteria were stained to green and red, irrespectively. Generally, the number of total bacteria in the diseased sites was significantly higher than in the healthy sites. The mean number of detected bacteria in the diseased sites was $58.6{\pm}36.0$ (red bacteria $10.4{\pm}9.2$ / green bacteria $48.2{\pm}30.5$), while it was $1.5{\pm}1.7$ in the healthy sites (red bacteria $0.1{\pm}0.3$ / green bacteria $1.4{\pm}1.5$). The percentage of red bacteria was $17.5{\pm}11.2%$ in the diseased sites and $2.0{\pm}5.8%$ in the healthy sites. Conclusion: The total number of bacteria in the diseased sites was significantly higher than that of the healthy sites. The ratio and the number of red bacteria were also significantly higher in the diseased sites.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.244-252
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to provide the fundamental data for further developments of the school dental clinic program through evaluating oral health knowledge, status and attitude of school dental program subjected on teachers who had experienced the program. The subjects were total 186 teachers from 8 elementary school in Ulsan metropolitan city area that had been operating school dental clinic program from 1999 to 2005. For the teachers by school and period of operation, the level of knowledge and behavior of oral health were no difference, however the recognition and behavior level in shorter operation group were higher, the level of recommend other school was higher than previous research. The efforts for further development school dental clinic program associated with advanced countries should be emphasized including the higher interests, more active participation and strengthened education. The systematic supports would be also important.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.191-202
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• 2000

This study was conducted for 39 patients who are recipients of allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplantation at BMT ward of St. Mary's hospital affiliated to Catholic University of Korea from April to September 1999. The subjects were devided into two groups; those who received both TEl and chemo therapy as conditioning regimen (TEl group). and those who used chemo agents as singular conditioning regimen (chemo group). The oral intake status of the two groups were compared through physical assessment and blood chemistry exam of the subjects, and factors influencing their nutritional change and oral intake were explored in each stage of the transplantation (six stages: admission, conditional stage, date of transplantation, one week after transplantation, two weeks after transplantation, and three weeks after transplantation). The prior aim of the study was to provide baseline data to minimize delayed treatment from nutritional deficiency of the subjects. The results were as follows: 1. TBI group was significantly decreased of oral calorie intake in two weeks after transplantation compared to admission and conditioning stage while that of chemo group was significantly decreased on the date of transplantation. 2. TBI group was significantly decreased of protein intake in two weeks after transplantation compared to admission and conditioning stage. In chemo group, protein intake was significantly decreased on the date of transplantation compared to admission. It was remarkable that TBI group showed lesser protein intake than chemo group. 3. Both group were significantly decreased of BMI in one week and three weeks after transplantation compared to admission. TBI group showed significantly higher BMI than chemo group. 4. Both group were significantly decreased of Triceps Skinfold Thickness (TST)on the date of transplantation compared to admission stage. 5. TBI group was significantly decreased of mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) in two weeks after transplantation compared to admission, conditioning, date of transplantation. 6. TBI group was significantly decreased of albumin level in two weeks after transplantation compared admission stage. In chemo group, it was significantly decreased on the date of transplantation compared to admission, three weeks after the transplantation. 7. TBI group was significantly decreased of transferrin level in two weeks after transplantation compared admission, conditioning, date of transplantation and one week after transplantation. In chemo group, it was decreased of transferrin level in 3 weeks after transplantation. 8. Oral intake of TEl group was impacted by vomiting before transplantation and gingivitis after transplantation. In chemo group, it was impacted by vomiting before transplantation and by two factors, gingivitis and nausea, after transplantation. The results showed oral calorie intake was not different between the two groups while protein intake was significantly lower in TBI group than chemo group. Oral intake was significantly impacted by vomiting before transplantation in both groups, but affected by oral gingivitis in TBI group and gingivitis and nausea in chemo group after transplantation. This findings present that standardized strategies to manage nutrition and gingivitis more effectively are desperately needed to enhance oral intake and protein intake of patients who receive TBI as conditioning regimen.