• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.111-120
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• 2013

Periodontitis is a common oral disease that is characterized by infection and inflammation of the tooth supporting tissues. While its incidence is highly associated with outgrowth of the pathogenic microbiome, some patients show signs of predisposition and quickly fall into recurrence after treatment. Recent research using genetic associations of candidates as well as genome-wide analysis highlights that variations in genes related to the inflammatory response are associated with an increased risk of periodontitis. Intriguingly, some of the genes are regulated by epigenetic modifications, supposedly established and reprogrammed in response to environmental stimuli. In addition, the treatment with epigenetic drugs improves treatment of periodontitis in a mouse model. In this review, we highlight some of the recent progress identifying genetic factors associated with periodontitis and point to promising approaches in epigenetic research that may contribute to the understanding of molecular mechanisms involving different responses in individuals and the early detection of predispositions that may guide in future oral treatment and disease prevention.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.71-74
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• 2022

Posterior superior alveolar nerve block (PSANB) is one of the most common and safe injection techniques in the field of dentistry. As with any other procedure, it also has inherent complications, of which ophthalmic complications are relatively rare. Transient diplopia following the administration of PSANB is rare and daunting for both the patient and the clinician. We present a case of transient diplopia in a 26-year-old female patient following administration of PSANB and review its probable pathophysiology and management and prevention.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.157-164
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• 2024

The aim of this study was to assess and compare the toxicity and safety of two types of propolis (liquid and powder) in beagle dogs. Blood counts, serum biochemistry, and electrolyte tests were conducted to evaluate acute oral toxicity. Propolis was administered at a 5% concentration and 40 g dosage, and the beagles were monitored for 8 weeks. Three beagles served as controls, while four beagles each were assigned to the liquid and powder groups. No significant clinical signs or changes in feed intake, water consumption, body condition, or hematological/biochemical parameters were observed. The results indicate that oral administration of both liquid and powder propolis does not induce toxicological effects in beagle.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.296-302
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• 2017

Objectives: The water fluoridation program has been implemented since 2008, in a region of Geoje City. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the water fluoridation program on caries prevention in the permanent dentition. Methods: Evaluation surveys were conducted on 8-, 10- and 12-year-old children in the fluoridated and non-fluoridated regions of Geoje City, in 2015. The survey included 834 children from the fluoridated regions and 703 from the non-fluoridated regions. The data obtained from the survey were analyzed using the IBM SPSS statistical package version 23.0. The effectiveness of community water fluoridation in caries prevention was estimated by the differences in the decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) and decayed, missing, filled surfaces (DMFS) scores, between the program and control groups. The mean numbers of fissure-sealed teeth and surfaces were adjusted to reduce their confounding effect. Results: The mean DMFT and DMFS scores (0.69 and 0.91, respectively) of 10-year-olds from the fluoridated regions, after adjusting for the numbers of fissure-sealed teeth and surfaces, were significantly lower than those of the 10 year olds (DMFT: 0.95, DMFS: 1.32) from the non-fluoridated regions. The effectiveness of water fluoridation on caries prevention in the permanent dentition, estimated based on the differences in the mean DMFT and DMFS scores, adjusted for the number of fissure-sealed teeth and surfaces, between the program and control groups of 10-year-old children, was 27.4% and 31.1%, respectively. Conclusions: These results suggest that the effectiveness of water fluoridation on caries prevention in the permanent dentition, in Geoje City was so high that this program should be implemented in other regions in Korea as well.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.171-179
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• 2022

Background: In this study, we investigated the changes and factors that affect daily health behaviors due to COVID-19 among adolescents. We intend to provide basic data so that a systematic and comprehensive health education program that includes physical and oral health can be made. Methods: This study was a secondary data analysis of the from the 2019 and 2020 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. A final sample of 112,251 participants was anlayzed using chi-square test, and ordinal logistic regression. Results: In the case of tooth brushing, the frequency of 'never' increased in most general characteristics compared to before COVID-19. In the case of handwashing, it was found that handwashing behavior increased (increased) after COVID-19 compared to before COVID-19. As a result of confirming the factors affecting tooth brushing behavior before and after COVID-19, it was found that girls brushed teeth 2.2 times more regularly after lunch than boys. As a result of adjusting all other factors, regular tooth brushing behavior after COVID-19 was reduced by 0.79 times compared to before COVID-19. Conclusion: It is judged that it is necessary to operate a comprehensive health management program in the school so that the most basic tooth brushing for oral health and handwashing for health can become a habit. In addition, by confirming the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on handwashing and tooth brushing behavior through this study, it is expected to be used in the development of policy data such as raising awareness of brushing and improving behaviors applicable in the current and upcoming new pandemic situations.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.3323-3329
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• 2013

Background: The Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) was carried out for systematically monitoring tobacco use and for tracking key tobacco control indicators. Materials and Methods: A total of 70,802 households, including 42,647 in rural areas and 28,155 in urban areas, were covered with a three stage sampling design. Data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude and practices of tobacco consumption.Results: GATS-India highlighted that total tobacco use among its residents is overall 34.6%, varying for males (47.9%) and females (20.7%). The rural areas of the country exhibit comparatively higher prevalence rates (38.4%) in comparison to urban areas (25.3%). Overall, Khaini, a smokeless tobacco product (12.0%), is the most popular form of tobacco use among males and females, followed by bidi smoking (9.0%). Conclusion: Results of GATS data can be used as baseline for evaluation of new tobacco control approaches in India integrating culturally acceptable and cost effective measures.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.24
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• pp.10991-10992
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• 2015

Tobacco is a well known cause of death worldwide. With existing comprehensive laws and various other measures for tobacco control, the mortality and morbidity due to tobacco usage have unfortunately not been reduced. A large number of tobacco users have altered their pattern of tobacco use after the gutka ban. Traditional gutka is sold in the open market in a pre-mixed format. Manufacturers are supplying pan masala and tobacco in separate pouches as there is no restriction for sale of pan masala and tobacco individually in many states. Although most of the population is aware of the health hazards of tobacco, it is necessary to develop an effective structured strategy. Tobacco control programs need to be strengthened by separate tobacco control measures at various levels.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.1953-1958
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• 2015

Background: In India, cancer accounts for 7.3% of DALY's, 14.3% of mortality with an age-standardized incident rate of 92.4/100,000 in men and 97.4/100,000 in women and yet there are no nationwide screening programs. Materials and Methods: We calculated age-standardized and age-truncated (30-69 years) detection rates for men and women who attended the Indian Cancer Society detection centre, New Delhi from 2011-12. All participants were registered with socio-demographic, medical, family and risk factors history questionnaires, administered clinical examinations to screen for breast, oral, gynecological and other cancers through a comprehensive physical examination and complete blood count. Patients with an abnormal clinical exam or blood result were referred to collaborating institutes for further investigations and follow-up. Results: A total of n=3503 were screened during 2011-12 (47.8% men, 51.6% women and 0.6% children <15 years) with a mean age of 47.8 yrs (${\pm}15.1yrs$); 80.5% were aged 30-69 years and 77.1% had at least a secondary education. Tobacco use was reported by 15.8%, alcohol consumption by 11.9% and family history of cancer by 9.9% of participants. Follow-up of suspicious cases yielded 45 incident cancers (51.1% in men, 48.9% in women), consisting of 55.5% head and neck (72.0% oral), 28.9% breast, 6.7% gynecological and 8.9% other cancer sites. The age-standardized detection rate for all cancer sites was 340.8/100,000 men and 329.8/100,000 women. Conclusions: Cancer screening centres are an effective means of attracting high-risk persons in low-resource settings. Opportunistic screening is one feasible pathway to address the rising cancer burden in urban India through early detection.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.1929-1935
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• 2010

Approximately 110 elementary schools and 400 teachers in Dae Jeon metropolitan city were chosen for this research, by using the method of direct visit and survey by mail. The survey was performed as in the forms of self administration, by simple statistic extract method, and among the survey, insincere answers and partly omitted contents were removed, which left 348 survey questionnaires to use for the final research. In order to restore the tap water fluorine concentration regulation project in Dae Jeon, advertise its benefits; it offered precise knowledge and positive response of fluorine through education on oral disease prevention, provide correct knowledge, administrative support should follow to support its importance.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.436-442
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• 2010

Objective: Transmission of S. mutans, a major dental caries pathogen, occurs mainly during the first 2.5 years of age. Children appear to acquire S. mutans mostly from their mothers, but few studies have investigated preventive effect of xylitol to S. mutans transmission from mother to child. The aim of this study was to perform a follow-up evaluation the preventive effect of xylitol chewing gum of the S. mutans of children's oral cavities, which included the characteristics of vertical transmission from mother to child. Methods: The mothers voluntarily participating in a women's oral health prevention program were divided into two groups (a control and a xylitol group). The subjects were 20 mother-child pairs, who were monitored for 30 months. Xylitol chewing gum group had consumed 2 gum pellets, 3 times a day for 24 months, and then they were followed until 30 months. At baseline, 24 and 30 months whole stimulated saliva samples were collected from the mothers. Children were also recruited from 6 months to 30 months after birth and were collected their dental plaque samples. After isolation and identification, the analysis of the colony count, transmission electron microscopy and real-time RT-PCR were performed to analyze the characteristics of S. mutans. Results: The S. mutans counts decreased steadily in the xylitol group at 24 months, but increased at 30 months. The similar results were showed at their children. While the glucan synthesis was decreased at xylitol group both mother and child. The expression of gtfB, gtfD and ftf were significantly reduced in the xylitol group both mother and child (p<0.05). Conclusions: These findings indicate that chewing xylitol gum over a long period may decrease the expression of the genes associated virulence and reduced the glucan synthesis of S. mutans, which can result the preventing the mother-to-child transmission of S. mutans.