• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.147-158
• /
• 2019

In this study, we investigated the influences of abnormal high temperature on growth, yield and physiologically active substances of the strawberry. General strawberry cultivars in the $20^{\circ}C$ growth condition showed much better growth of leaf number, length, diameter along with plant height, compared with those in $22.5^{\circ}C$ or $25^{\circ}C$. But the cultivars of both 'Sulhyang' and 'Mehyang' showed good growth and development at $25^{\circ}C$ with the roots showing great growth at $20^{\circ}C$. The quality and yield of the strawberry were best in the $20^{\circ}C$ growth condition, but the merchantability deteriorated in the $25^{\circ}C$ high temperature condition. As for the content of the physiologically active substances of the strawberry, it increased at $20^{\circ}C$, the optimum growth temperature, but decreased at $25^{\circ}C$. The physiologically active substances in the strawberry differed among the cultivars, the contents of cyanidin-3-glucoside, cinchonine, ellagic acid and cinnamic acid higher in the 'Mehyang', whereas the content of fisetin is higher in the 'Sulhyang' cultivar.Consequentially, the high temperature in summer has a negative effect on the physiological active ingredients of the strawberry, which was increased in the strawberry cultivated at proper temperature, and high quality strawberry production was possible.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.59-63
• /
• 2005

Altogether twenty isolates were collected from Wakayama, Japan. The optimum mycelial growth of I. obliquus was observed in BMYA and MCM. The optimum temperature and pH for the mycelial growth were $25^{\circ}C\;and\;6.0{\sim}7.0$, respectively. The optimum carbon and nitrogen sources were dextrose and yeast extract, respectively. Similarly, the optimum mineral salt was $K_{2}HPO_{4}$. The optimum number of mycelial discs for the mycelial growth was $6{\sim}7$ per 100 ml. Similarly, the optimum culture period was $21{\sim}22$ days in liquid broth. The optimum brown rice : water ratio was 1 : 1. No difference in mycelial growth was observed in all the four types of tree stumps used.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.9-14
• /
• 2010

Several presowing seed treatments have been used to facilitate the seed germination and seedling emergence. The study was performed to design a model of presowing seed treatments in Taraxacum platycarpum. Germination and seedling growth responses to temperature, drying, chilling, $GA_3$ and priming were investigated to know the optimum germination conditions and presowing treatment. The optimum temperature condition for germination and seedling growth were $15{\sim}20^{\circ}C$ at dark condition. The seeds exposed to infra red light, however, did not germinate. The moisture content of seeds dried at $35^{\circ}C$ for 3.5 hours was returned to the level of unimbibed seeds. The germination of seeds dried under dark condition was better than those dried under infra red light. Prechilling treatment imposed for 6 weeks showed higher germination rate than $GA_3$ treatment or priming. In field test, the highest field emergence was observed in the seeds dried after prechilled for 6 weeks and followed by drying followed by $GA_3$ > low temperature > $KNO_3$ priming. Imbibition with 0.1 mM $GA_3$ solution for 2 hours then drying at 35 for 3.5 hour under dark condition was effective to the practical presowing treatment for Taraxacum seeds.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2018.10a
• /
• pp.52-52
• /
• 2018

Development of herbicide resistant transgenic legume plants through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation has been worked in many previous studied. Plant regeneration after infection is the important step to obtain successful transgenic plants. Many attempts try to find the optimum media condition for plant regeneration after infection. However, the transformation efficiency of legume plants is still low. In this study, regeneration of some Korean legume species including two soybean cultivars (Dawon and Pungsan) and pea have been done with organogenesis which is used various kind of explants such as cotyledonary-nodes in soybean and bud-containing tissue in pea. We developed the optimum media condition for plant regeneration regulators under Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using different kind and various concentration of plant growth. As the results, B5 medium containing 2 mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine was selected in this study for the optimum plant regeneration media. The segments were inoculated with Agrobacterium suspension harbored an IG2 vector containing bar gene which confers resistance to phosphinotricin (PPT) in 3, 5 and 7 days. The transformation efficiency was achieved in Dawon 3.03 % and pea 1.46 % with co-cultivation period of 7 days which is showed a high number of GUS positive expression period.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.7-19
• /
• 1972

The studies of density effect or the effect of population density on plant growth have been done on basis of dry matter production with Raphanus acanthiformis var. simoodaeguen, Brassica campestris var. Pekinensis f. namsounsokoombecheu, Oryza sativa f. kimmajae and O. sativa f. mangyeng grown in the various spacing. 1. In the early period of plant growth in dry weight was not different each other among varying densities, but as time advanced the plant grown vast space grew sufficiently compared with those of narrow one. 2. Iogarithmic relation between the growth of plant (W) and the density (P), log W-log P in the material plants, were approximated by two straight lines, one was horizontal line and another inclined: the former showed non-competition density and the latter competition density addition to these the point interlinking both lines were implied of the optimum density per unit land area at certain growth period. 3. The values of relatvie growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were decreased as increase in the density, while those of leaf area ratio (LAR) were rather increased in the same condition, with minor exception. From these results and relation between the productive structure and due to lack of the recieved light intensity owing to the mutal shading among the plants.

• Plant Disease and Agriculture
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.18-21
• /
• 1995

Mycosphaerella nawae, the causal organism, of spotted leaf casing disease of persimmon, was isolated from infected leaves showing typical symptom. The cultural characteristics of the fungus were compared on artificial media. Among 24 different combinations of culture media and supplements, oatmeal agar+persimmon leaf extract (PLE) and PAD+ PLE+streptomycin showed the highest rate of isolating as 57.1%. The best medium for mycelial growth of the fungus was PDA+persimmon leaf powder (PLP). The colony diameter was reached 47mm for 30 days at 2$0^{\circ}C$. PDA+PLE also supported good mcyelial growth showing 46mm of diameter in same condition. The optimum growth temperature of this fungus in PDA was recognized fairly low. The mycelial growth was higher at 2$0^{\circ}C$ than 15$^{\circ}C$. The variation of pH between pH 4 to pH 8 did not affect to the mycelial growth of the pathogen.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.203-211
• /
• 2000

In this study to produce large-scale scopolamine we were examined in the tumor calli of Datura metel L. induced by Agrobacterium tumefaciens $Ery{101}$. The growth and scopolamine contents of tumor calli were higher under light condition than in dark. The optimum condition of growth and scopolamine production were fluence rate of 16 $\mu$mol $m^{-2}s^{-1}$, spectra of red light region and 16 hour light periods on 50 mL SH liquid medium in 4 weeks culture. To increase of the scopolamine contents in tumor calli, the optimum concentration of nitrogen source were 1.8 mM NH$_4$+ and 40 mM NO$_3$. The optimum elicitor concentration for production of scopolamine were 10 mg/L chitosan and 15 mg/L yeast extract. The effect of precursors were good at the concentration of 0.2 mM tropine and 0.3 mM tropic acid, respectively. In order to increase of growth and scopolamine contents. we induced mutant from Datura metel L. tumor callus. Mutants of tumor calli were obtained by 3 Krad, 4 Krad and 6 Krad of ${60}^Cor-ray$. Among them, 3 Krad tumor callus was excellent on the growth and teratoma induction. The 4 Krad tumor callus was negligible for both growth and teratoma induction. But the 6 Krad tumor callus was the best in growth and teratoma induction. The formation of the mutant calli can be enhanced through hormonal combination of 1 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 0.5 mg/L benzyladenine. We carry out selection mutant tumor calli for high content tropane alkaloid and suspension cultures for scopolamine production.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
• /
• v.14 no.9
• /
• pp.751-756
• /
• 2001

Carbon nanotubes(CNTs) was successfully grown on Ni coated silicon wafer substrate by PECVD technique(Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition). As a catalyst, Ni thin film of thickness ranging from 15∼30nm was prepared by electron beam evaporator system. In order to find the find the optimum growth condition, initially two different types of gas mixtures such as C$_2$H$_2$-NH$_3$ and C$_2$H$_2$-NH$_3$-Ar were systematically investigated by adjusting the gas mixing ratio in temperature of 600$^{\circ}C$ under 0.4 torr. The diameter of the grown CNTs was 40∼200nm. The diameter of the CNTs increases with increasing the Ni particles size. TEM images clearly demonstrated synthesized nanotubes to be multiwalled.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2015.08a
• /
• pp.259-259
• /
• 2015

Single crystalline indium-tin-oxide (ITO) nanowires (NWs) were grown by sputtering method. A thin Ni film of 5 nm was deposited before ITO sputtering. Thermal treatment forms Ni nanoparticles, which act as templates to diffuse Ni into the sputtered ITO layer to grow single crystalline ITO NWs. This Ni diffusion through an ITO NW was investigated by transmission electron microscope to observe the Ni-tip sitting on a single crystalline ITO NW. Meanwhile, a single crystalline ITO structure was found at bottom and body part of a single ITO NW without remaining of Ni atoms. This indicates the Ni atoms diffuse through the oxygen vacancies of ITO structure. Rapid thermal process (RTP) applied to generate an initial stage of a formation of Ni nanoparticles with variation in time periods to demonstrate the existence of an optimum condition to initiate ITO NW growth. Modulation in ITO sputtering condition was applied to verify the ITO NW growth or the ITO film growth. The Ni-assisted grown ITO layer has an improved electrical conductivity while maintaining a similar transmittance value to that of a single ITO layer. Electrically conductive and optically transparent nanowire-coated surface morphology would provide a great opportunity for various photoelectric devices.

• Plant Resources
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.66-70
• /
• 2000

Umbelliferae medicinal crops have low germination under natural condition. Special objective of this study is to investigate morphological characteristics of seeds and effects of environmental factors such as light and temperature on their germination and seedling growth in Umbelliferae plants, using them as oriental medicine materials. Fruits of Umbelliferae are bi-partite type and form 2 seeds. Their oil canals and funiculus or carpaphore has apparently specific shape. Seed shape of Buplerum falcatum, Ligusticum acutilobum and Foeniculum vulgare are oblong, Ledeboutiella seseloides, Angelica dahurica, Angelica gigas elliptic, and Ostericum koreanum ovate. Color of seed coats varied from yellow to dark brown. Seed size was 3.2 to 6.9 mm in length, 1.7 to 4.9 mm in width. One thousand-seed weight of Buplerum falcatum was lowest(at 1,660 mg) and Ledebouriella seseloides and Angelica gigas were relatively highest(at 3,970 mg) having larger size than any others. Optimum temperatures for seed germination and seedling growth ranged from 20 to $25^{\circ}C$ and especially temperature at $25^{\circ}C$ improved seed germinations of Ledebouriella seseloides, Angelica dahurica and Ligusticum acutilobum regardless of light condition.