• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.2358-2367
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• 1992

본 연구에서는 그 기초단계로서 작동유체의 실제상태변화에 근접하면서 간편 한 근사적인 단열해석법을 적용하여 VM사이클의 구체적인 예비설계조건을 제시하고자 한다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.1803-1806
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• 2013

Purpose: Carbohydrate antigen (CA) 242 is inversely related to prognosis in many cancers. However, few data regarding CA 242 in esophageal cancer (EC) are available. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic value of CA 242 and propose an optimum cut-off point in predicting survival difference in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 192 cases. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for survival prediction was plotted to verify the optimum cuf-off point. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate prognostic parameters for survival. Results: The positive rate for CA 242 was 7.3% (14/192). The ROC curve for survival prediction gave an optimum cut-off of 2.15 (U/ml). Patients with CA 242 ${\leq}$ 2.15 U/ml had significantly better 5-year survival than patients with CA 242 >2.15 U/ml (45.4% versus 22.6%; P=0.003). Multivariate analysis showed that differentiation (P=0.033), CA 242 (P=0.017), T grade (P=0.004) and N staging (P<0.001) were independent prognostic factors. Conclusions: Preoperative CA 242 is a predictive factor for long-term survival in ESCC, especially in nodal-negative patients. We conclude that 2.15 U/ml may be the optimum cuf-off point for CA 242 in predicting survival in ESCC.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.403-407
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• 2014

To use vibration energy to generate electricity, a resonance vertical linear electric generator was applied to the suspension of a vehicle in a previous paper. However, the working conditions, including mass change in the vehicle body related to the cargo on board, number of passengers and the temperature difference caused by the operating environment, can influence the permanent magnet, which is the main component of the electric generator. Therefore, a robust optimum design is required to minimize the influences from the diverse operation conditions and maximize the electromotive force of the electric generator. In this paper, a resonance linear electric generator is introduced. Vibration response analysis to find the input velocity of the electric generator and an electromagnetic transient analysis to apply changes in the performance of the permanent magnet are performed. Finally, the optimum value of each design variable is derived using a Taguchi method.

• 소음진동
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.225-234
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• 1995

In this study, first, transformation process of damping ratios, whose are evaluated in active control analysis, into damping matrix resulting from installed viscous dampers is illustrated. Then, a method is followed to maximize the effect of response reduction, which leads to optimum locations and size of viscous dampers using sensitivity analysis. Highly coupled nonlinearity between damping ratios and dampers makes it hard to find the optimal size of dampers. Therefore, the nonlinearity is transformed to linear problem with small increments of damping ratios and the size of dampers can be found. However, there are many cases for the size of dampers satisfying the small increment of damping ratios, so it is necessary to select minimum size using optimization technique. To determine optimum locations of dampers, dampers are assumed to be installed between the different stories and their locations are selected corresponding corresponding to the degree of damping size. Numerical examples for the frame structure and the shear wall structure show that optimum locations and size of dampers are different form each other depending on the characteristics of modal responses of the structures. The proposed method in this study can be applied to get optimum locations of active controller in the active control.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2005년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.61-66
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 라이시안 페이딩 환경에서 최적 검파 기법을 적용한 길쌈 부호화된 16 QAM 신호의 오율 성능을 해석하였다. 라이시안 페이딩 환경에서 길쌈 부호화 기법을 채용한 16 QAM 신호의 성능을 기존의 검파 기법을 이용하여 분석하고, 페이딩의 크기와 부가되는 잡음 변화에 따라 수신 검출 레벨을 조정하는 기법을 사용하여 성능의 개선 정도를 해석하였다. 분석의 결과로서 라이시안 페이딩의 크기와 잡음의 변화와 특성에 따라 수신 검출 레벨을 조정함으로서 이동 무선 데이터 통신 채널 환경을 극복할 수 있는 성능 개선 효과가 있음을 확인 하였다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.137-147
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• 2017

A water treatment utility in South Korea operates a large system of pressurized hollow fiber membrane (PHFM) modules. The optimal selection of membrane module for the full scale plant was critical issue and carried out using Risk-based Life Cycle Cost (RbLCC) analysis based on the historical data of operation and maintenance. The RbLCC analysis was used in the process of decision-making for replacing aged modules. The initial purchasing cost and the value at risk during operation were considered together. The failure of modules occurs stochastically depending on the physical deterioration with usage over time. The life span of module was used as a factor for the failure of Poisson's probability model, which was used to obtain the probability of failure during the operation. The RbLCC was calculated by combining the initial cost and the value at risk without its warranty term. Additionally, the properties of membrane were considered to select the optimum product. Results showed that the module's life span in the system was ten years (120 month) with safety factor. The optimum product was selected from six candidates membrane for a full scale water treatment facility. This method could be used to make the optimum and rational decision for the operation of membrane water purification facility.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2000

In optimum design of packaging container for bulk materials, minimum board area, compression performance and distribution efficiency must be considered. In this study, mathematical models for minimum board area (RMA), compression strength (CS) and maximum compression strength per unit board area (MCSA) of container as algorithm for optimum design of packaging conatiner for bulk materials were developed as follows : RMA=f(V,D), ${\alpha}_{RMA}=f(V,D)$, MCSA=f(V,D), and ${\alpha}_{MCSA}=f(V,D)$. In order to develop these models, compression test according to various dimensions of container and response surface analysis for minimum board area, compression strength, and maximum compression strength per unit board area of container were carried out. In developed models, volume and depth of container were principal independent variables. Through the verified results for these models, optimum design of packaging container on the design conditions and limit conditions was possible. These models might be used in developing optimum design software of packaging container for bulk materials.

• 태양에너지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.14-21
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• 1990

단일 핀-관열교환기와 관련된 열역학적 최적설계법을 기준하여 핀-관열교환기의 엔트로피 생성율을 조사하였다. 엔트로피 생성율(비가역성)해석법을 사용하여 최적설계조건을 구하였고 설계조건의 변화에 따른 총엔트로피 생성율과 핀의 길이, 관의 안지름과 바깥지름 및 핀간거리를 조사하였다. 이 연구의 결과에 따르면 바깥지름이 클수록 최적핀간거리와 핀높이는 커지고 엔트로피 생성율과 최적안지름은 작아진다. 또한 핀 두께를 증가시키면 계의 엔트로피 생성율과 최적핀간거리는 증가하고 핀높이를 증가시키면 엔트로피 생성율과 최적바깥지름은 증가한다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.489-508
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• 2015

In this paper, a novel methodology is proposed to obtain optimum location of outriggers. The method utilizes genetic algorithm (GA) for shape and size optimization of outrigger-braced tall structures. In spite of previous studies (simplified methods), current study is based on exact modeling of the structure in a computer program developed on Matlab in conjunction with OpenSees. In addition to that, exact wind loading distribution is calculated in accordance with ASCE 7-10. This is novel since in previous studies wind loading distributions were assumed to be uniform or triangular. Also, a new penalty coefficient is proposed which is suitable for optimization of tall buildings. Newly proposed penalty coefficient improves the performance of GA and results in a faster convergence. Optimum location and number of outriggers is investigated. Also, contribution of factors like central core and outrigger rigidity is assessed by analyzing several design examples. According to the results of analysis, exact wind load distribution and modeling of all structural elements, yields optimum designs which are in contrast of simplified methods results. For taller frames significant increase of wind pressure changes the optimum location of outriggers obtained by simplified methods. Ratio of optimum location to the height of the structure for minimizing weight and satisfying serviceability constraints is not a fixed value. Ratio highly depends on height of the structure, core and outriggers stiffness and lateral wind loading distribution.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.127-138
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• 1991

본 연구는 지형정보시스템을 활용한 최적 노선선정에 관한 연구이다. 일반적으로 노선의 선정은 후보노선대, 최적노선대, 최적노선의 선정 순으로 이루어지는데 본 연구에서는 노선선정계획의 마지막 부분인 최적노선선정부분을 고려하였다. 최적노선의 선정은 연구대상지역을 일정한 크기의 정규형격자로 구분하고, 각 정규형격자에 토지이용현황, 지가, 경상도 등을 고려하여 얻어진 가중치를 적용하였다. 이를 지형 정보시스템의 속성 데이타로 활용하여 노선선정에 적용되는 가중치의 특정부분으로 고려하고, 세개의 노선을 선정하였다. 이들 세개의 노선을 비교ㆍ분석하여 실제노선의 선정과정에서 지형정보시스템의 활용 가능성을 제시하고자 하였다.