• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.9-17
• /
• 2020

The characteristics of particulate matter made from daily cooking at a Korean residential apartment house with three dwellers had been investigated for about 3 months. All data were recorded by an optical particle counter every minute at the kitchen. Types of cooking such as boiling, frying, and grilling that performed in the house were listed. Boiling only was used in 32% cases among total 234 meals. Frying and grilling were 14% and 11%, respectively. From an initial indoor particulate matter smaller than 10 ㎛ in diameter, the increases due to cooking are reported by size. In case of boiling, PM at 1-10 ㎛ size and under 1 ㎛ size little increased. Normally, particles from oil or combustion in a process of frying or grilling increased indoor PM. In a case of grilling, particle mass concentration in a region of 1-10 ㎛ in diameter increased as much as 295 ㎍/㎥. Mass concentration of particles smaller than 1 ㎛ increased as much as 33 ㎍/㎥.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.515-528
• /
• 2003

The characteristics of one year observation aerosol data in Seoul, 200 I was studied using an OPC (Optical Particle Counter). The size resolved aerosol number concentrations of 0.3 ∼ 25 11m were measured. The results were compared with PM$_{10}$ mass concentration data under various meteorological conditions including dust and precipitation events. For fine particles whose diameter is less than 2.23 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$, the number concentration increases in the early morning which is considered due to transportation. while the coarse mode particles increase during daytime. This increase can be explained as local sources and human activities near sampling site. Hourly averaged data show that there exists diurnal variation. Generally, PM$_{10}$ data showed a similar tendency with OPC data. The size resolved OPC data showed that the particles of 0.5 ∼ 3.67 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ are positively correlated with PM$_{10}$ data. The accumulated volume fraction of size resolved aerosol concentration in 0.5 ∼ 10 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ showed that 0.5 ∼ 2.23 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ particles occupied 59.2% of total aerosol volume of 0.5 ∼ 10 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$./TEX>.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제33권5호
• /
• pp.515-520
• /
• 2017

$PM_{2.5}$ concentrations were measured using a cyclone, impactor (the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency well impactor ninety-six, WINS) and optical particle counter (OPC) at a campus site located in Yongin for the period August 2014 through March 2017. The concentrations from cyclone (Y) were generally higher than those from impactor(X); the best-fit line was Y=1.22X+5.64. The ratios of $PM_{2.5}/PM_{10}$ ranged from 0.61 to 0.66 when $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations from cyclones in selected studies were converted into those from impactors using a regression equation in this study. The slope of the best-fit line between OPC and impactor was close to 1 at 0.95, while that between OPC and cyclone was 0.72. After sampling, the flow rate in the low-volume air sampler with cyclone decreased by 3% on average, which did not have a significant effect on measured concentrations.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.677-686
• /
• 2018

An intensive measurement was conducted to study the mass and number concentrations of atmospheric aerosols in Anheung ($36.679^{\circ}N$, $126.186^{\circ}E$), the west coastal measurement site of Korea during December 2017~April 2018. To evaluate relationships between the aerosols and meteorological parameters, comparisons of Optical Particle Counter (OPC) measured data and Auto Weather System (AWS) data were performed. Measured PM mass concentrations are $PM_{10}=42.814{\pm}30.103{\mu}g/m^3$, $PM_{2.5}=29.674{\pm}25.063{\mu}g/m^3$, $PM_1=28.958{\pm}24.658{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. The PM ratios showed that the $PM_{10}$ concentrations contained about 67.8% of $PM_{2.5}$, while most part of $PM_{2.5}$ was $PM_1$ (about 97.1%). Timely collocation with AWS data were performed, exploring relations with the PM concentrations. PM concentrations can be explained by wind direction and relative humidity conditions. The significant reductions of fine particles in mass and number concentrations may attribute to actions on particle growth and wet removal. In these results, we suppose that the aerosol concentrations and size distributions are affected by inflow direction and air mass sources from the origin.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.93-97
• /
• 2014

Condensation particle counter (CPC) has been one of the most important basic instrument for measuring number concentration of submicron aerosols. The principle of the CPC is to expose aerosols to a supersaturated vapor and cool down which causes adiabatic expansion. The particles grow by heterogenous nucleation to a sufficient size for easy detection by optical method. However, for growth by condensation, CPC essentially needs both saturater and condensor causing a heavy system. Therefore, it is hard to install commercial CPC to tethered balloon package system. In this study, we developed customized CPC for tethered balloon package system called Hy-CPC which is lighter and smaller in structure than commercial CPCs, and evaluated activation efficiency and detection efficiency by Hy-CPC using electrostatic method (electrometer and Faraday cup).

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국대기환경학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.434-435
• /
• 2002

에어로졸 입자의 크기 분포를 측정하는: 방법은 여러 가지가 있다. 이중 광학 입자계수기(Optical Particle Counter)는 직경 0.3-25$\mu\textrm{m}$의 입자의 산란광의 강도를 측정하여 입자의 크기별 개수를 측정하는 기기로 청정지역의 대기 중 부유하는 입자의 측정에 널리 사용되고 있다 (전영신 등, 1999). 본 연구에서는 기상청 기상연구소에서 측정한 광i부 입자계수기(HYAC/ROYCO 5230)의 측정자료를 이용하여 2001년도 1년간 서울의 대기 에어로졸의 특성과 경향을 분석하였다. 측정결과는 대기환경월보(환경부, 2001) (중략)

• 한국방재학회 논문집
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.47-56
• /
• 2006

기후변화와 관련한 한반도 배경대기의 에어러솔에 대한 특성 연구는 관측된 입자 수농도와 대기 복사 관측 자료를 바탕으로 에어러솔의 물리적, 화학적 및 광학적 특성에 대하여 분석하였다. 에어러솔의 물리적 특성 연구는 2001년부터 2003년까지 제주도 고산관측소에 설치된 광학입자계수기(Optical Particle Counter, OPC)로 $0.3{\sim}25{\mu}m$직경의 에어러솔을 8개 구간으로 나누어 관측하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 황사의 발생률이 높은 봄철에 조대 입자($2.2{\mu}m$이상)의 수농도가 다른 계절보다 높게 나타났다. 기상요소 (상대습도, 풍속, 풍향, 시정 등)와 입자 수농도의 상관관계 분석에 의하면 $0.3{\sim}0.5{\mu}m$ 크기 구간에서는 상관성이 없는 것으로 나타났으며 $0.5{\sim}2.23{\mu}m$ 구간에서는 에어러솔 수농도와 상대습도가 서로 양의 상관관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 풍속과의 상관성에서 작은 입자들은 풍속이 강해질수록 감소하는 패턴으로 분석되었으며 겨울철에는 조대입자 수농도가 높은 풍속에 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 시정거리는 $0.5{\sim}1{\mu}m$ 크기 정도의 에어러솔 수 농도와 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났으며 에어러솔 수 농도가 증가할수록 시정거리는 감소하는 경향을 보였다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.263-272
• /
• 1995

Characteristics of anbient at Korean, Cheju Island have been studied during the intensive field study period on March 11 .sim. 17, 1994 in collaboration with other research organizations from Korea and abroad. The particle size distribution was measured using an Electrical Aerosol Analyzer(EAA) and an Optical particle Counter(OPC). Fine particles(PM1 and PM3) have been collected by filter pack samplers and their ionic compositions have been analyzed. sampling errors inherent to the filter pack sampling method are discussed and the method to analyze those errors are presented. The rine mass concentrations of this study show very similar mass concentrations when Seoul is clear. This is somewhat surprising result, because the most of researchers believe that Kosan is one of the cleanest area in Korea. Bimodal volume size distributions with peak values around 0.1 .sim. 0.2.mu.m and 3.mu.m in particle dimeter were observed for most of the measurement period, particle mass loadings and ionic composition data show a large fraction of particles are from non-sea salt origins. Estimation of water content and acidity of particles based on measurement by a gas/particle equilibrium model, SCAPE, reveals that the pH values of particles are comparable to or lower than those estimated based on measurements in Los Angeles, U.S.A. during the SCAQS study. These findings with the meteorological conditions during the study period suggest that the particles collected during the period have originated from outside Cheju Island.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.9-15
• /
• 2012

Three different commercial particle counters were used to measure the PM2.5 particles in this study. An Aerosol Spectrometer (AS) 1.109 model of Grimm and a Particle Sensor (PS) 3030 model of HCT were compared with an Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS) 3321 model of TSI. The responses of these instruments were compared for four sizes ($1.0{\mu}m$, $1.5{\mu}m$, $2.0{\mu}m$ and $2.5{\mu}m$) of polystyrene latex (PSL) particles and indoor air particles of the office room. The mode diameter, particle size distribution and total particle number concentration of PSL particles were measured by each instrument. In the office room, the total particle number concentration was measured for 25 minutes. In results of particle size distribution and mode diameter, the APS 3321 (52 size-channels) was more accurate than the AS 1.109 (31 size-channels) and PS-3030 (10-szie channels) since the APS has more number of size-channels than the other instruments. However, AS 1.109 and PS-3030 provided similar results of total particle number concentration to those from the APS 3321. In results of office room test, there were no significant difference from each instrument similar to results of PSL test.

• 한국산업보건학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.273-282
• /
• 2018

Objectives: Dustiness of nanomaterials is considered as exposure index of essential material. Research on dustiness of nanomaterial is needed to control exposure in workplaces. Method: Dustiness measurement using vortex shaker were installed in the laboratory. Nanomaterials, 1 g, was put in the glass test tube and shaked using vortex shaker. Aerosol dispersed was measured using scanning mobility particle sizer(SMPS) and optical particle counter(OPC). Mass concentration using PVC filter and cassette was measured and TEM grid sampling was conducted. Total particle concentration and size distribution were calculated. Image and chemical composition of particles in the air were observed using transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer. Eleven different test nanomaterials were used in the study. Results: Rank of mass concentration and particle number concentration were coincided in most cases. Rank of nanomateirals with low concentration were not coincided. Two types of fumed silica had the highest mass concentration and particle number concentration. Indium tin oxide, a mixture of indium oxide and tin oxide, had high mass concentration and particle number concentration. Indium oxide had very low mass concentration and particle number concentration. Agglomeration of nanoparticles in the air were observed in TEM analysis and size distribution. In this study, mass concentration and particle number concentration were coincided and two index can be used together. The range of dustiness in particle number concentration were too wide to measure in one method. Conclusion: Particle number concentration ranged from low concentration to high concentration depend on type of nanomaterial, and varied by preparation and amount of nanomaterial used. Further study is needed to measure dustiness of all nanomaterial as one reference method.