• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
• /
• v.55 no.12
• /
• pp.661-666
• /
• 2006

Interlocking signalling system plays key role as core system to manage railway operation. The core role of railway operation is to control routing, displaying signal and regulation for train. Interlocking system relate tightly to railway accident because collision and derailment is sometime taken place wrong route setting and signal displaying. Safety activity for interlocking system is inevitable to avoid the accident over its life cycle. The safety activity includes hazard identification and analysis, safety requirement allocation, safety plan, safety activity and ao on. The safety activity need a broad wide range work. In this paper, we concentrate on hazard identification for generic interlocking system and programmable electronic interlocking system and compare between two results. The hazards will be used for safety activity.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.151-179
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of total knee replacement to arthritis patients in pain intensity and functional impairment. For this study, over 50-year-old 30 patients who had osteoarthritis and 69 patients who got total knee replacement at the one of the departments of orthopedics in Daegu were interviewed from June, 2002 to March, 2003. The results of this study were as follows : First, pain intensity was decreased to experimental group after operation than control group(P<.01) And the presence of crepitation was also decreased to them(P<.05). On the other hand there's no significant difference was noted in the presence of stiffness, degree of flexion contracture and extension contracture between two groups. Second, over 91 days group after operation and visitor's group of physiotherapy unit were better than others in Level of knee function(P<.01). Third, over 91 days group after operation and visitor's group of physiotherapy unit were higher than others in Barthel Index of knee function(P<.01). Forth, over 91 days group after operation and visitor's group of physiotherapy unit were higher than others in Level of IADL(P<.05). Fifth, over 91 days group after operation and visitor‘s group of physiotherapy unit were higher than others in Katz Index of knee function(P<.01). Sixth, although Old Ages' Activity Index seemed to get better as time goes by, there's no statistical difference. Seventh, over 91 days group after operation and visitor's group of physiotherapy unit were higher than admission group and under 30 days group after operation in Social Activity Index(P<.05). Eighth, the function of the knee was connected with the abilities in the activity of the old and the social skill. The Barthel index was connected with the function of the knee joint and the activities of the old and Katz index. IADL function was connected with the activities of the old and the social activity. The Katz index was connected with the Barthel index. The activity of the old was connected with the Barthel index, the functional score of the knee joint andthe IADL score. The ability of social skill was connected with the activity of the old, IADL score and the function of the knee.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• v.10
• /
• pp.73-75
• /
• 1969

There are two fold aims in this experimental study. The aim is to investigate the bacteria which produce the high activity enzyme or the cocoon for utilization to the textile and the industry. The ether is to protect against the bacteria that damage silk protein during storage. The results are summarized as followes: 1. Among the isolated bacteria from the cocoon, No 4 strain had the high activity of the $\alpha$-amylase. But this strain had not been identified. The results of experiment is shown in the table II. 2. Among the isolated bacteria from the cocoon, No II strain had the high activity of the protease on substance of the casein. The results of the experiment is shown in the table II. 3. The bacteria which had the high activity of the degumming effect of the sericin, the part of the operation for 7 days was higher part of the operation for 3 days. The results of the experiment are indicated in Fig I and Fig II.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.51 no.4
• /
• pp.1109-1116
• /
• 2019

It is essential to predict the radioactivity distribution around the reactor cooling system (RCS) during obligatory cyclic operation of AP-1000. A home-developed program CPA-AP1000 is upgraded to predict the response of activated corrosion products (ACPs) in the RCS. The program is written in MATLAB and it uses state of the art MCNP as a subroutine for flux calculations. A pair of cyclic power profiles were superimposed after initial full power operation. The effect of cyclic operation is noticed to be more prominent for in-core surfaces, followed by the primary coolant and out-of-core structures. The results have shown that specific activity trends of $^{56}Mn$ and $^{24}Na$ promptly follow the power variations, whereas, $^{59}Fe$, $^{58}Co$, $^{99}Mo$ and $^{60}Co$ exhibit a sluggish power-following response. The investigations pointed out that promptly power-following response of ACPs in the coolant is vital as an instant radioactivity source during leakage incidents. However, the ACPs with delayed power-following response in the out-of-core components are perceived to cause a long-term activity. The present results are found in good agreement with those for a reference PWR. The results are useful for source term monitoring and optimization of work procedures for an innovative reactor design.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
• /
• v.28 no.10
• /
• pp.530-540
• /
• 2001

As mobile applications are required to handle more computing-intensive tasks, many mobile devices are designed using VLIW processors for high performance. In VLIW machines where a single instruction contains multiple operations, the power consumption during instruction fetches varies significantly depending on how the operations are arranged within the instruction. In this paper, we describe a post-pass optimal operation rearrangement method for low-power VLIW instruction fetch, The proposed method modifies operation placement orders within VLIW instructions so that the switching activity between successive instruction fetches is minimized. Our experiment shows that the switching activity can be 34% on average fro benchmark programs.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.268-275
• /
• 1993

The whole cells of Actinoplanes missouriensis KCTC 1780 which produce glucose isomerase was immobillized by flocculation method for the effective production of high fructose syrup using packed-bed bioreactor system. Among the flocculation methods used In this study, the glucose Isomerase activity of flocculated cells using 5% polyethylenimmine and 0.2% glutaraldehyde was the highest as 46.3 unit, and the flocculant was 10.3g(wet weight) per 100m1 of broth, and the residual activity was 92.5%. In the batch operation of glucose isomerization using the flocculated cells, the optimum pH, temperature and isomerization ratio were 7.0, 75$^{\circ}C$ and 31%, respectively. The optimum concentration of Mg2+ which was activator on the glucose isomerization of flocculated cells was 0.1M, and glucose isomerase activity was increased by about 40% compared to none of Mg2+. In the packed-bed bioreactor system with 1.2 hour of residence time at 7$0^{\circ}C$, the reaction stability maintained until 96 hour without toss of activity, and the equilibrium was kept up to 120 hours of the operation.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.180-186
• /
• 2022

This study is a pilot study to confirm the effectiveness of training after applying emergency simulation training for inactive nurses and to present a new model of simulation training operation method. In this study, the control group is a group that directly participates in the simulation activity, and the experimental group is the group that observes the control group's simulation activity. Experimental group and control group were matched 1:1 to experience all the roles of the resuscitation team. The study participants were 5 inactive nurses in the experimental group and 5 inactive nurses in the control group, and the total training time was 5 hours. The emergency simulation operation composition consists of theory education, skill education, and simulation. The interview was conducted. The educational satisfaction of the participants was 4.65 points for theory education and 4.70 points for practical education based on 5 points. Participants' performance confidence improved from 3.60 points before operation to 7.20 points after operation. Emergency simulation operation consisted of pre-test, theory education, skill education, simulation implementation, debriefing, and post-test. Participants expressed that the choice of group greatly reduced the burden and anxiety about performing the role of the resuscitation team. However, difficulties and inexperience in the operation of the defibrillator were reported in the experimental group. The control group reported that the simulation activity of the experimental group was not significantly different from theirs. Through the results of this study, it was confirmed that emergency simulation education not only reduced the burden and anxiety of inactive nurses, but also had an effect of education. Based on the research results, it is proposed to expand the participants and verify the effectiveness of education through specific variables such as learning commitment, learner confidence, simulation satisfaction, and team effectiveness.

• Informatization Policy
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.62-84
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to present improvement measures for youth activity policies that can change the youth activity programs, equipment and facility operation and leaders in order to cultivate youth capacities suitable for the intelligent information society. For this purpose, we conducted a literature study on the direction of youth activity policy changes with the forecasted social changes in the intelligence information society and an online survey and expert opinion surveys to identify how youth activity facilities are currently coping with the changes and to explore measures to improve youth activity policies. The research identified 17 policy tasks - 9 tasks for the program area, including 1) increase of intelligent information technology related programs, 2) increase of contents related to career resilience in career experience and training programs, and 3) systematic introduction and diffusion of STEAM and Maker education programs; 5 tasks for the equipment and facility operation area, including 1) strengthening cooperation network with external organizations related to the intelligent information technologies, 2) expansion of AR and VR technology application in activity program development, improvement and operation, and 3) big data building in the field of youth activities; and 3 tasks for the leaders area, including 1) extension of information provision on the intelligent information society to the leaders of the activity facilities, and 2) development of job models related to the intelligent information society and job training.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.50 no.1
• /
• pp.165-169
• /
• 2018

An assessment for determining N-16 activity concentrations during the operation condition of Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission TRIGA Research Reactor was performed employing several governing equations. The radionuclide N-16 is a high energy (6.13 MeV) gamma emitter which is predominately created by the fast neutron interaction with O-16 present in the reactor core water. During reactor operation at different power level, the concentration of N-16 at the reactor bay region may increase causing radiation risk to the reactor operating personnel or the general public. Concerning the safety of the research reactor, the present study deals with the estimation of N-16 activity concentrations in the regions of reactor core, reactor tank, and reactor bay at different reactor power levels under natural convection cooling mode. The estimated N-16 activity concentration values with 500 kW reactor power at the reactor core region was $7.40{\times}10^5Bq/cm^3$ and at the bay region was $3.39{\times}10^5Bq/cm^3$. At 3 MW reactor power with active forced convection cooling mode, the N-16 activity concentration in the decay tank exit water was also determined, and the value was $4.14{\times}10^{-1}Bq/cm^3$.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.55-63
• /
• 2022

Background: This study investigated the effect of erector spinae and quadratus lumbar kinesio taping and support surface conditions on abdominal muscle activity during plank exercise. Design: Within-Group design. Methods: A total of twenty-three healthy men and women participated in this study. Abdominal muscle (both external obliques and internal oblique muscle) contraction was analyzed through EMG measurement with the presence or absence of kinesio taping applied to the erector spinae muscle and quadratus lumborum muscle during plank exercise and the difference between the support surfaces (stable surface and unstable surface) as variables. Abdominal EMG was attached to the right external oblique, left external oblique, right internal oblique, and left internal oblique. Results: The results showed that Abdominal left and right external obliques and internal obliques showed significant increases in activity when kinesio taping was applied to the erector spinae and quadratus lumborum muscles and unstable ground (p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, we confirmed that the activity of the abdominal muscles was significantly increased during the plank operation in the state where the kinesio tape was attached. In addition, it was confirmed that the activity of the abdominal muscles was significantly increased during the plank operation on the unstable surface. These results suggest that in the state of kinesio tape attached and instability, plank motion has a positive effect on abdominal muscle activity.