• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.41-48
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the mediating effect of social support on the relationship between the viewing of sensational videos of idol stars through the mass media and the sexual openness of adolescents. Methods: This study used the 'Study on countermeasures against sexual commodification of adolescents through mass media in the smart era' conducted by the 'Korea Youth Policy Institute' in 2014 for the entire country as the main data. Variables consisted of socio-demographic characteristics of study subjects, video viewing, social support, and sexual openness. For data analysis, SPSS ver 23.0 program was used. Results: As a result of comparing the averages, male students (20.40) had higher sexual openness than female students (18.67), and high school students (20.27) had higher sexual openness than middle school students (18.05) at school level. By grade level, sexual openness increased from the first year of middle school (17.47) to the third year of high school (20.82) (p<0.001). In order to verify the mediating effect of video viewing on the effect of adolescent social support on sexual openness, 3-step mediated regression analysis and Sobel test were conducted. As a result, video viewing had a significant effect on sexual openness through social support (p<0.001). Conclusion: Rather than obscuring the environment of mass media unconditionally, creating an atmosphere according to the tendency of realistic social support and reinforcing emotional education will help prevent the adverse effects of reckless sexualization of adolescents.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.53-61
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• 2012

Openness to outside is one of the most critical advantages for high-rise buildings. However, the effect of openness can be decreased if it is blocked by other high-rise buildings, especially built within the building complex of commercial district. The purpose of this study is to identify the horizontal openness of high-rise residential buildings by comparing 3 different cases of building arrangement type. A new method of evaluation has been introduced on the basis of distance to measure the openness including the matter of securing privacy. As a result of this study, comparative analysis was possible and relatively plentiful results of analysis could be drawn out. Through the process of analysis, this study set the evaluation indicators suitable to the analysis of openness of unit households. Thereby, the results of this study are expected to be used as useful basic data in planning high-rise mixed-use buildings.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.1-20
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• 2022

Purpose - Multiple stakeholders-including politicians, investors, and the wider public-have questioned the value of investing in port infrastructure improvements and the contributions they can make to economic performance. Design/methodology - This paper presents an empirical study of 56 countries with seaports from the year 2006 to 2019 to determine how the quality of port infrastructure affects its contribution in terms of trade openness and economic growth. To this end, this study applies hierarchical multiple regression analysis with panel data to empirically examine the economic impact of port infrastructure quality on the relationship between trade openness and economic growth. After the 56 selected countries were categorized as developed or developing, a multi-group panel data analysis was conducted. Findings - The results of this study show that trade openness has a significant positive effect on the national economy. The findings also indicate that, although developing countries should expect greater economic growth after investing in port infrastructure, this relationship weakens as developing countries become richer. Originality/value - The findings of this study not only elucidate the relationship between trade openness and national economic growth, but they also emphasize the importance of trade openness and port infrastructure in national economic growth, particularly among developing countries.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.19-34
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• 2017

Despite the importance of the impact of network structure on the relationships between firms and firm performance, few studies have investigated these effects. This study investigates how network openness influences the relationships between TSI, opportunism, technological uncertainty, and supplier performance. We also try to figure out how network openness functions as a governance mechanism.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.53-80
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• 2020

Recent studies focus on how open innovation strategies affect innovation in enterprises, but lack research related to the forms of openness. There is also a paradox that an entity should open up for open innovation but also protect its innovation. In this regard, the need for research on innovation protection has expanded. Therefore, this study looked at the effect of the form of openness on product innovation, and explored how the relationship between the form of openness and product innovation depends on the appropriation mechanisms. This study used data from the Korean Innovation Survey(KIS), which was developed and distributed by the OECD. The main findings of this study are summarized as follows. First, the forms of openness has a positive effect on product innovation. Specifically, external search has had a positive impact on exploitative innovation, and collaboration has shown to have a positive impact on exploratory innovation. Second, the appropriation mechanisms has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between the forms of openness and product innovation. Specifically, it was shown that formal appropriation mechanisms had a positive effect on the relationship between external search and product innovation, and that informal appropriation mechanisms had a positive effect on the relationship between collaboration and exploratory innovation. This study is expected to contribute to: First, this study has divided the forms of openness into external search and collaboration, unlike the existing method, and thus identified the type of product innovation and the appropriation mechanisms and forms of openness by identifying the impact on product innovation. Second, depending on the characteristics of the appropriation mechanisms, it was identified that it had the moderating effect on the forms of openness and the relationship of product innovation, so that depending on the type of openness and the type of product innovation, the type of appropriation mechanisms more suitable was identified.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.13 no.2 s.32
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• pp.71-94
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• 2006

In this paper we study lattice valued fuzzy gradation of openness so that fuzzy gradation of openness [13] could be obtained as a particular case. Some of its properties are studied. We also give definitions of lattice valued graded fuzzy filters, graded, fuzzy grills, graded fuzzy preproximities and proximities.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.73-84
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• 2020

The study aims to investigate the dual effects of corruption control on economic growth in relationship with the stock market and trade openness in developing countries. The study used difference S-GMM method on the dynamic panel data model in the period (2002-2017) with data collected from the World Bank. The study discovers the dominant impacts of corruption control in the relationship with the stock market on economic growth. At the same time, the study also confirms the overwhelming impact of corruption control in the relationship between trade openness and economic growth in the developing countries. In addition, the study shows that inefficient stock markets in developing countries will not promote economic growth. Meanwhile, the long-standing credit market has a positive impact on economic growth. With the strong development of stock market and trade openness in the period (2002-2017), control on corruption in developing countries does not get better in time with the increase in demand. The findings of this study suggest a number of solutions to strengthen corruption control, leading to the increased efficiency on the stock market and as well as encouraging the positive effects of trade openness to contribute to promoting economic growth in developing countries.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.191-199
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• 2021

The study examines the causal relationship between financial development and economic growth through trade openness for the leading ASEAN countries (Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam). The study employs a panel data for the period of 25 years spanning from 1995 to 2015 for the six countries, yielding a balanced panel of 150 observations. Fixed effect model (FEM) and random effect model (REM) are used for the panel data, following the Hausman test performed for model selection. The trivariate Granger causality test is also used to check for possible relationship between the variables. The results show that REM is chosen based on the Hausman test result, suggesting that the trade openness has a positive association with growth whereas the financial development is positively, but insignificantly associated with growth. The reason for this is that the financial development and economic growth may be related to each other. The results are, then, further explored and confirmed by the causality test. That is, the financial development and the economic growth, through the trade openness, are found to have bidirectional positive relationships. This implies that there would be shortcomings when ignoring the presence of trade openness, which positively impacts the relationship between finance and growth.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to present the direction of the plan to transform the residential complex into a space that can provide an open residential environment that can lead to social communication and exchange without being closed to the urban residential environment, especially in the apartment complex environment, which is becoming more dense. As a result of the Openness analysis of the 'Codan Shinonome Canal Court', the overall accessibility was good in terms of space utilization, and the openness was low in terms of the spatial composition, which is a physical environment due to the dense block type. When looking at the overall openness of the Codan Sinonome complex in terms of analysis by block, the corrected openness index (C.O.I) for all six blocks was 0.245, the corrected accessibility index (C.A.I) was 1.447 and the openness composite index (O.C.I) was assessed at 1.692. This was due to the formation of high-density block-type urban dwellings and the introduction of S-shaped streets and the layout of low-rise urban support facilities and commercial facilities. The Codan Sinonome Canal Court, which is considered an "open city residence," quantitatively confirmed that it embodies macro-space structure and human-scale space environment even in high-precision environments.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.123-136
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• 2022

Purpose - Diversity subject is rising globally, as the proportion of women in the workforce increased to a large extent and the variety of resources became greater. Diversity attempts have appealed more awareness to the value of female participation in various areas, notably in the boardroom and corporate governance. This study tests the relationships among gender diversity, openness, and innovation, at the firm level across countries from the MOI Survey. Research design, data, and methodology - In this study the relationships among gender diversity, openness, and innovation were investigated at the firm level across countries from the Management, Organisation, and Innovation (MOI) Survey. A cross-cultural analysis was conducted based on the empirical evidence from six countries: Germany, India, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, and Russia. Result - The results show that gender diversity is positively related to innovation performance, moreover openness is positively associated with the level of firm innovation. In addition, a company's capability to use knowledge from outside and the creation of new combinations positively influence a firm's potential to innovate. Conclusion - This study suggests that the more gender-diverse top management team and the higher openness may bring the firm's innovation with greater possibility. the paper encourages more female participation on top management on the grounds of recommending that firms with greater gender diverse top management teams.