• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.287-292
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• 2006

The effects of cadmium on the catalase activity and isozyme patterns under light and dark conditions of rice(Oryza sativa L. cv. Dongjin) seedlings were examined. Cadmium treatment resulted in the notable enhancement of $H_2O_2$ contents in the seedling roots and leaves under light and dark conditions. The catalase isozyme patterns in the roots were different from those in the leaves, showing tissue-specific expression of the enzyme. Moreover, the expression patterns of catalase isozymes in the green seedling roots were different from those in the etiolated seedling roots following cadmium treatment. The increase of total catalase activity was about 16 times at 1 mM cadmium and marked inductions of the isozyme CAT1 and CAT2 contributed to this increase in the green seedling roots. On the other hand, in the etiolated seedling roots, total catalase activity was lower than that of control at 0.5 and 1 mM cadmium, even though catalase activity increased about 3 times at 0.1 mM cadmium. The 3 fold increase of total catalase activity was mainly due to the increase of CAT1, CAT3 and CAT4 at 0.1 mM cadmium. However, treatment with higher concentrations of cadmium decreased the activity of CAT2 and CAT4 in the etiolated roots. In the leaves, the catalase existed as three isozymes; one cationic isozyme CATc, one neutral isozyme CATn and one anionic isozyme CAT1 in the control. The isozyme patterns and total activities remained unaffected by cadmium under light and dark conditions in the seedling leaves. Taken together, it seems that cadmium-induced changes of catalase might be regulated by light in the roots, but not in the leaves.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.171-174
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• 2012

THOC1/Hpr1 is one subunit of THO complex that is an evolutionally conserved assembly involved in the mRNP packaging and mRNA export during transcription elongation. In fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, an ortholog (spHpr1) of THOC1/Hpr1 was identified based on sequence alignment. A deletion mutant in a diploid strain was constructed by replacing one of spHpr1-coding region with a $kan^r$ gene using one-step gene disruption method. Tetrad analysis showed that the sphpr1 is essential for growth. Over-expression of sphpr1 from strong nmt1 promoter caused no defects of growth and mRNA export. However, repression of the sphpr1 expression resulted in growth inhibition accompanied by accumulation of poly$(A)^+$ RNA in the nucleus. These results suggest that spHpr1 is involved in mRNA export from the nucleus to cytoplasm.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.7A
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• pp.547-556
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• 2003

This paper proposes a novel arithmetic unit over GF(2$^{m}$ ) for low-area elliptic curve cryptographic processor. The proposed arithmetic unit, which is linear feed back shift register (LFSR) architecture, is designed by using hardware sharing between the binary GCD algorithm and the most significant bit (MSB)-first multiplication scheme, and it can perform both division and multiplication in GF(2$^{m}$ ). In other word, the proposed architecture produce division results at a rate of one per 2m-1 clock cycles in division mode and multiplication results at a rate of one per m clock cycles in multiplication mode. Analysis shows that the computational delay time of the proposed architecture, for division, is less than previously proposed dividers with reduced transistor counts. In addition, since the proposed arithmetic unit does not restrict the choice of irreducible polynomials and has regularity and modularity, it provides a high flexibility and scalability with respect to the field size m. Therefore, the proposed novel architecture can be used for both division and multiplication circuit of elliptic curve cryptographic processor. Specially, it is well suited to low-area applications such as smart cards and hand held devices.

• BMB Reports
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.229-233
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• 2004

A haemagglutinating protein from the saline extracts of Kalanchoe crenata leaves, which agglutinate all human blood types, was purified to homogeneity by ion-exchange chromatography on a DEAE-Cellulose column followed by gel filtration on a Sephadex G-100 column. The purified protein showed one band, both in non-denaturing PAGE and SDS-PAGE. The $M_r$ that was determined by SDS-PAGE was 44,000 Da and that estimated from gel filtration was 47,000. Treatment of the haemagglutinating protein with 5 mM EDTA diminished the haemagglutinating activity to 50% of the original level. The addition of divalent cations, 10 mM $Mg^{2+}$, 10 mM $Mn^{2+}$, or 10 mM $Ba^{2+}$, totally restored and enhanced the activity. The protein showed maximum activity over the 3-7 pH range and was heat-resistant. It was also a glycoprotein containing about 1.5% carbohydrate.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.802-808
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• 1999

Vibrio vulnificus cytolysin has been incriminated as one of the important virulence determinants in V. vulnificus infection. In the present study, the effects of Vibrio vulnificus cytolysin on platelets were examined. Vibrio vulnificus cytolysin induced platelet aggregation and increased intracellular calcium concentration ($[Ca^{2+}]_i$) of rat platelets. These effects were abolished in $Ca^{2+}-free$ buffer (2 mM EGTA). Cytolysin also potentiated ADP-and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. Lanthanum (2 mM) inhibited cytolysin-diduced platelet aggregation. However, another $Ca^{2+}$ channel blockers, verapamil ($20{\;}{\mu}M$) or mefenamic acid ($20{\;}{\mu}M$) did not block cytolysin-induced platelet aggregation. Osmotic protectants, sucrose (50 mM) and raffinose (50 nM) suppressed platelet aggregation by 35.9% and 63.4%, respectively. V. vulnificus cytolysin increased membrane conductances of platelet membranes. These results suggest that cytolysin-induced platelet aggregation is mediated via lanthanum sensitive-calcium influx which resulted from the pore formation by V. vulnificus cytolysin.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.343-353
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• 2006

The two-way balanced one-level rotation design, $r_1^m-r_2^{m-1}$, and the three-way balanced multi-level rotation design, $r_1^m(\iota)-r_1^{m-1}$, were discussed (Park et al., 2001, 2003). Although these rotation designs enjoy balancing properties, they have a restriction of $r_2=c{\cdot}r_1$ (c should be a integer value) which interferes with applying these designs freely to various situations. To overcome this difficulty, we extend the $r_1^m(\iota)-r_1^{m-1}$ design to new one under the most general rotation system. The new multi-level rotation design also satisfies tree-way balancing which is done on interview time, rotation group and recall time. We present the rule and rotation algorithm which guarantee the three-way balancing. In particular, we specify the necessary condition for the extended three-way balanced multi-level rotation sampling design.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.840-845
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• 1996

Rate constants have been measured spectrophotometrically for the reactions of p-and m-nitrophenyl 2-thiophenecarboxylate (5a and 5b, respectively) with alkali metal ethoxides (EtO-M+) in absolute ethanol at 25.0±0.1 ℃. The reactivity of EtO-M+ exhibits dependence on the size of alkali metal ions, i.e. the reactivity of EtO-M+ toward 5a decreases in the order EtO-K+ ≥ EtO-Na+ > EtO-Li+ > EtO-, while the one toward 5b does in the order EtO-Na+ ≥ EtO-K+ > EtO-Li+ > EtO-. This result indicates that ion paired EtO-M+ is more reactive than dissociated EtO-, and alkali metal ions form complexes with the substrate more strongly at the transition state than at the ground state. The catalytic effect shown by alkali metal ions appears to be less significant in the reaction of 5 than in the corresponding reaction of 4, indicating that complexation of alkali metal ions with 5 is not as strong as the one with 4.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.337-347
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• 2013

For an even integer m at least 4 and any positive integer $t$, it is shown that the complete equipartite graph $K_{km(2t)}$ can be decomposed into edge-disjoint gregarious m-cycles for any positive integer ${\kappa}$ under the condition satisfying ${\frac{{(m-1)}^2+3}{4m}}$ < ${\kappa}$. Here it will be called a gregarious cycle if the cycle has at most one vertex from each partite set.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.740-746
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• 2013

Machine to machine (M2M) communication is a converged ICT(Information and Communications Technology) platform which can utilize communications services among people and things anytime, any place in realtime. The M2M platform consists of three components; M2M area networks sensing and generating data of things by various sensors and devices; public networks transporting those data; and M2M applications utilizing the aggregated data. There exist however two practical obstacles to realize the M2M communications in terms of interoperability between the WCDMA-based public network and the local networks based on W-Fi or ZigBee; one is the cost problem required to access the public network, and the other is the lack of a cost-effective modem or gateway to connect two different networks. In this paper, we proposed and implemented a novel M2M platform based on PWW (Person Area Network) which can resolve those two issues by using a proposed gateway connecting the local network and smartphones as application devices without access the WCDMA-based public network. We have shown that the proposed platform is very practical to adopt to the real environment by actual testing with the own developed smartphone applications.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.184-192
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• 1988

Anchovy, Engraulis Japonica were caught by scoop net with fishing lamp in the surrounding water of Cheju and Seogwipo, and their gathering depth, gathering effects, change of catch by the age of the moon and submarine illumination were investigated from May to August 1985. Fish finder (SR-385) and fishing lamp (1 Kw incandescent) were set up at one meter of starboard of scoop net and one meter ahead of the prow together with two meters above the water surface respectively. The submarine illumunation was measured at 2m interval to both vertical direction of 0~18m and horizontal direction of 0~12m form the standard point which is to be 0.1m depth right under the fishing lamp. The catch of anchovy by scoop net was almost $90\%$ of total amount during the early period and the late period in moon age while as low as $10\%$ only was cought during the middle period. The catching depth of anchovy shoals by scoop net with fishing lamp was approximately 2~5m and submarine illuminations were 20~42 Lux, 24~48 Lux in Cheju and Seogwipo respec lively. Submarine illumination which could be cought by scoop net with fishing lamp should be 7~12 times lighter than before gathering since the shoals swiming at 10~15m depth which is 1.7~7 Lux illumination made by 1 Kw. AC 100V incandescent lamp, a surface gathering lamp of 2m high above anchovy scoop net came up to 2~5m depth which is 20~42 Lux illumination. The catching depth of anchovy by scoop net was 2~3m and this could be increased to 4m even though the AC voltage was decreased from 100V to 80V at final fishing stage.