• ETRI Journal
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.856-858
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• 2008

Odd networks were introduced in the context of graph theory. However, their potential as fault-tolerant multiprocessor networks has been shown. Broadcasting is one of the most important communication primitives used in multiprocessor networks. In this letter, we introduce efficient one-to-all broadcasting schemes of odd networks for one-port and all-port models. We show the broadcasting time of the former is 2d-2 and that of the latter is d-1. The total time steps taken by the proposed algorithms are optimal.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.330-332
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• 2009

Broadcasting is one of the most important communication primitives used in multiprocessor networks. In this letter, we demonstrate that the broadcasting algorithm proposed by Madabhushi and others is incorrect. We introduce efficient one-to-all broadcasting schemes of even networks for one-port and all-port models. The broadcasting time of the one-port model is 2d-3 and that of the all-port model is d-1. The total time steps taken by the proposed algorithms are optimal.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.8 no.8
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• pp.825-834
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• 2018

Broadcasting is a basic data communication method for interconnection networks. There are two types of broadcasting. One-to-all broadcasting is to transmit a message from one node to all other nodes and all-to-all broadcasting is to transmit a message from all the nodes that have messages to other nodes. And by the using way of the transmission port per unit time, there are two schemes of broadcasting. Single port telecommunication(SLA) is to transmit messages from one node that contains the messages to one adjacent node only and all port telecommunication(MLA) is to transmit messages from one node to all adjacent nodes within a time of unit. Matrix hypercube is that an interconnection network has improved network cost than that of hypercube with the same number of nodes. In this paper, we analyze broadcasting scheme of matirx hypercube. First, we propose one-to-all and all-to-all broadcasting algorithms of matrix hypercube. And we prove that one-to-all broadcasting times are 2n+1 and $2{\lceil}{\frac{n}{2}}{\rceil}+1$ based on the SLA and MLA models, respectively. Also, we show all-to-all broadcasting time using SLA model is $5{\times}2^{\frac{n}{2}}-2$ when n=even, and is $5{\times}2^{\frac{n-1}{2}}+2$ when n=odd.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.327-329
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• 2009

In a network, broadcasting is the dissemination of a message from a source node holding a message to all the remaining nodes through a call. This letter proposes a one-to-all broadcasting algorithm in the Petersen-torus network PT(n, n) for the single-link-available and multiple-link-available models. A PT(n, n) is a regular network whose degree is 4 and number of nodes is $10n^2$, where the Petersen graph is set as a basic module, and the basic module is connected in the form of a torus. A broadcasting algorithm is developed using a divide-and-conquer technique, and the time complexity of the proposed algorithm approximates n+4, the diameter of PT(n, n), which is the lower bound of the time complexity of broadcasting.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2016

The all-in-one service, for example, mobile wallet enables users to have credit card, membership card, and coupon in one place. It has been one of important o2o services with offline payment. In order to take advantage of mobile commerce, it is necessary to authenticate clients automatically without entering their passwords. This paper proposes an automatic client authentication method in all-in-one service. At registration, clients receives and stores an authentication ticket from a company, which contains an user's identifier and password encrypted by company's symmetric key. Client can be authenticated by transferring authentication tickets to companies at service requests.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.182-192
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• 2022

This study analyzed the effects of the all-in-one automatic fire shutter (hereinafter referred to as "all-in-one shutter") installed along the fire compartment in a five-story high school building on the evacuation time by using the Pathfinder simulation program. When the all-in-one shutter was added as a new variable, the evacuation time was delayed, indicating insufficient evacuation safety. The evacuation time exceeded the appropriate standard when the evacuation exit was designated to the students in the present state of being placed on the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th floors and the all-in-one shutter was activated. When students were placed on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd floors under the same conditions, the evacuation time was also greatly exceeded. However, when the width of the entrance was set to 130cm, the evacuation time was almost the same as when the all-in-one shutter was not installed. In high-rise school buildings, the bottleneck caused by all-in-one shutters is becoming a major factor in evacuation barriers. To ensure the evacuation safety of school buildings, it has been judged that evacuation education and training to predict the evacuation time required through the all-in-one shutter entrance and induce an evacuation procedure suitable for the standard evacuation time should be carried out in parallel. The implications of this study and suggestions for effective fire compartments and follow-up studies were discussed.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.229-234
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• 2008

The 'Anytime, Anywhere' services have been the biggest topic in the recent digital broadcasting research area. The related applications for the Anytime and Anywhere Services are as follows: the personalized broadcasting based on the PVR (Personal Video Recorder) for the Anytime Services, and the DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting), the mobile devices supporting the wireless network and the Second TV and so on for the anywhere services. The personalized broadcasting has been researched on the one of the killer applications in the various broadcasting environment - the ground wave broadcasting, the satellite broadcasting, IPTV and CATV broadcasting suchlike. The applied contents of the personalized broadcasting have advanced from the main contents for the broadcasting to the interstitial contents like advertisements and coupons, the personalized interstitial broadcasting needs to develop the technology about the generation, storing and management of the interstitial metadata. but, the personalized broadcasting has the limitation that the TV environment is somewhat difficult to support the personalized broadcasting individually, because all family usually share the main TV at home. The Second TV is possible to solve the environmental limitation. This paper designs and develops the static set top box at home, the Second TV and their multimedia streaming techniques for the personalized broadcasting of the contents including the interstitial contents.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.59-63
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• 2021

In order to broadcast 8K UHD, domestic broadcasting is upgrading production, operation, and transmission technologies in a new way that has various forms such as terrestrial broadcasting, IPTV, mobile, and streaming services. In order to overcome the existing SDI transmission technology that has reached its limit, new transmission technologies using ICT-based convergence such as IT, Network, IOT, and Big Data are developing. Internet Protocol(IP) transmission technology is an IT-based core protocol that transcends various broadcasting infrastructures. Therefore, it can be said that the technology for converting the broadcasting system based on IP is a natural one for preparing for 8K UHD in the future. In this paper, we propose an IP transmission system that adopts a network that can transmit 8K with hardware of 12G Serial Digital Interface (SDI), in order to prepare for the future broadcasting system according to the development of ALL IP interface technology.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.148-155
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• 2024

We are designed was to find an efficient warm-up method for resistance training for muscle hypertrophy, and 10 males with at least 3 years of resistance training experience were selected as subjects. The 75% 1RM was measured directly based on the pre-measured bench press 1RM. After that, the main experiment of 75% 1RM bench press according to the three warm-up methods was conducted one week apart, and all experiments were randomized and cross-over. Performance according to the warm-up method (3) was measured by total exercise volume, and physiological changes were determined by myocardial workload. All post-measurement data were analyzed using SPSS.22.0 and analyzed using repeated measures one-way ANOVA and contrast comparisons were made using the deviation method. The results showed that the method of gradually increasing the number of repetitions by performing the same intensity as the intensity of the main exercise in the form of muscle hypertrophy, but at submaximal repetitions, showed the highest performance.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.19-25
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• 2016

There are many free applications that need users to sign up before they can use the applications nowadays. It is difficult to choose a suitable password for your account. If the password is too complicated, then it is hard to remember it. However, it is easy to be intruded by other users if we use a very simple password. Therefore, biometric-based approach is one of the solutions to solve the issue. The biometric-based approach includes keystroke dynamics on keyboard, mice, or mobile devices, gait analysis and many more. The approach can integrate with any appropriate machine learning algorithm to learn a user typing behavior for authentication system. Preprocessing phase is one the important role to increase the performance of the algorithm. In this paper, we have proposed ensemble-by-session (EBS) method which to operate the preprocessing phase before the training phase. EBS distributes the dataset into multiple sub-datasets based on the session. In other words, we split the dataset into session by session instead of assemble them all into one dataset. If a session is considered as one day, then the sub-dataset has all the information on the particular day. Each sub-dataset will have different information for different day. The sub-datasets are then trained by a machine learning algorithm. From the experimental result, we have shown the improvement of the performance for each base algorithm after the preprocessing phase.