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Study on the Site Classification and Site Coefficients for the Seismic Design Regulations of KBC (KBC 내진설계기준을 위한 지반분류와 지반계수에 대한 연구)

  • Kim, Yong-Seok
    • Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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    • v.11 no.1 s.53
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    • pp.59-65
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    • 2007
  • Site classification of IBC and KBC is based on the ft-kips unit system and is not friendly for the linear interpolation of the site coefficients due to the implicit relationship between a site class and site coefficients, defining a site class by the range of the soil properties, not by a single soil property. Also, the site class definition of KBC has too wide range of soil properties for each soil class. making the structural engineers difficult to estimate the site coefficients for the diverse soil layers. In this study, a new site classification in SI unit system was proposed for the seismic design codes of KBC etc., and the comparison of the site coefficients of $F_{a}\;and\;F_{v}$ was also performed to investigate the possibility of the linear interpolation of the site coefficients with the proposed new site classification. According to the study results, it was more reasonable for the linear interpolation of the site coefficients to utilize the proposed new site classification considered the Sl unit system and the soil characteristics of the 30m soil layer beneath the shallow embedded foundation, and the linear interpolation of the acceleration coefficients for the design spectrum can be performed more reasonably defining the site coefficients for the representative shear wave velocities of each site class. With the study results, a new site classification, and the linear interpolation permitted acceleration coefficients fer the design spectrum were proposed for the modification of the seismic design regulations of KBC.

Cholinergic Mechanisms on Cardiovascular Regulation in the Ventrolateral Medulla of the Rat (흰쥐 복외측 연수에서 심혈관 조절에 대한 Choline성 기전)

  • Kim, Seong-Yun;Koh, Taek-Lip;Lee, Sang-Bok
    • The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.77-85
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    • 1987
  • This study was carried out to determine the role of cholinoceptors in the ventrolateral medulla on central control of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). In rats anesthetized with urethane and paralyzed, microinjections of the neuroexcitatory amino acid L-glutamate (300 ng/site) were performed to functionally identity the vasopressor area (VLPA) and the vasodepressor area (VLDA) in the ventrolateral medulla oblongata. 1. The bilateral microinjection of carbachol (300 ng/site) into the VLPA produced significantly an increase in BP and HR which was not blocked by bilateral pretreatment of hexamethoium ($4\;{\mu}g/site$). 2. The bilateral microinjection of physostigmine (200 ng/site) and oxotremorine (300 ng/site) into the VLPA produced significantly an increase in BP respectively. 3. The bilateral microinjection of atropine ($4\;{\mu}g/site$) into the VLPA produced significantly a decrease in BP and HR. 4. The bilateral micro injection of acetylcholine (500 ng/site) and dimethylphenylpiperazinium (500 ng/site) into the VLDA produced significantly a decrease in BP and HR respectively. 5. The depressor and bradycardiac responses elicited by the bilateral microinjection of acetylcholine (500 ng/site) into the VLDA were blocked by bilateral pretreatment of hexamethonium ($4\;{\mu}g/site$). The results suggest that the activation of cholinoceptors in VLPA produce hypertensive and tachycardiac responses which may be mediated by muscarinic receptors, and the activation of cholinoceptors in VLDA produce hypotensive and bradycardiac responses which may be mediated by nicotinic receptors.

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Review of Site Characterization Methodology for Deep Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste (방사성폐기물의 심층 처분을 위한 부지특성조사 방법론 해외 사례 연구)

  • Park, Kyung-Woo;Kim, Kyung-Su;Koh, Yong-Kwon;Jo, Yeonguk;Ji, Sung-Hoon
    • Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.239-256
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    • 2017
  • In the process of site selection for a radioactive waste disposal, site characterization must be carried out to obtain input parameters to assess the safety and feasibility of deep geological repository. In this paper, methodologies of site characterization for radioactive waste disposal in Korea were suggested based on foreign cases of site characterization. The IAEA recommends that site characterization for radioactive waste disposal should be performed through stepwise processes, in which the site characterization period is divided into preliminary and detailed stages, in sequence. This methodology was followed by several foreign countries for their geological disposal programs. General properties related to geological environments were obtained at the preliminary site characterization stage; more detailed site characteristics were investigated during the detailed site characterization stage. The results of investigation of geology, hydro-geology, geochemistry, rock mechanics, solute transport and thermal properties at a site have to be combined and constructed in the form of a site descriptive model. Based on this site descriptive model, the site characteristics can be evaluated to assess suitability of site for radioactive waste disposal. According to foreign site characterization cases, 7 or 8 years are expected to be needed for site characterization; however, the time required may increase if the no proper national strategy is provided.

Establishment of Landfill Site Preliminary Assessment Model Based on Contamination Characteristics of Water Resources (수자원(水資源) 오염 특성에 의한 불량매립지(不良埋立地) 예비평가모형(豫備評價模型) 정립)

  • Hong, Sang-Pyo;Kim, Jung-Wuk
    • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.17-23
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    • 1995
  • To assess preliminarily the contamination potential of water resources including groundwater owing to the hydrogeological characteristics of landfill site and the potential impact to humans and animals through contamination of water resources by leachate, "Landfill Site Preliminary Assessment Model(LASPAS)" was contrived. LASPAS could help them proritization of remediation of landfil sites by the convenient and relatively simple evaluation method of landfill site features. LASPAS was designd to aliot numerical ratings to landfill site related factors undermentioned; 1) hydrogeological factors such as hydraulic conductivity of aquifer, thickness of confining layer over aquifer, topographical slope, net recharge, and subsurface containment 2) water resources contamination factors of impacts on receptors such as proximity to drinking water supply, substitutability of drinking water supply, type of use of water resources, known impact on drinking water supply, and flood potential.

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Estimation of Height Growth Patterns and Site Index Curves for Japanese Red Cedar(Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) Stands planted in Southern Regions, Korea

  • Lee, Young-Jin
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.29-31
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    • 2002
  • The purpose of this study is to estimate height growth patterns and site index cuties (base index age 50 years) for Japanese red cedar trees(Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) grown in southern regions of Korea. The Chapman-Richards growth function was selected for stand height prediction using on the results of stem analysis data sets. Anamorphic base age invariant site index cuties were presented based on this height prediction equation. The resulting site index prediction equation can provide an indication of the productivity of the site quality based on Japanese red cedar trees plantation ages planted in southern regions of Korea.

A Research on Actual State and Awareness for Restaurant Searching Website (외식업체 검색사이트에 대한 인식과 이용실태조사)

  • 진양호;전진화;정소윤
    • Culinary science and hospitality research
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.155-168
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    • 2003
  • As people's interest about food service rises, curiosity about correct foodservice company's information is rising on own inclination and necessity than usual foodservice company. Full text search site that do to foodservice company hereupon is operated, it is becoming menu that do not fall in name of ' Eumsikjeomchatgi ' in a representative search site such as Yahoo, Empas, Hanmir and so on. But, is not beam margin battle array that these search engines find data that they want being applied perfectly in site FACE that is use up to now. Also, is looked that there is problem about practical use service and search. Because search effect of site by that investigate consumers' awareness and practical use turkey for foodservice company search site and diagnose present level, it is thing to grope improvement. This research may supply one suggestion point establishing by more effective marketing communication strategy through internet hereafter.

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A new research program that aims to establish an external audit system to radiotherapy QA in Japan

  • Shimbo, Munefumi;Tabushi, Katsuyoshi;Endo, Masahiro;Ikeda, Hiroshi
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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    • 2002.09a
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    • pp.17-18
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    • 2002
  • Last year, a three-year research program was started in order to establish an external audit system to radiotherapy QA in Japan. It consists of questionnaire surveys, mailed (off-site) dosimetry and visited (on-site) dosimetry at radiotherapy facilities in Japan. The first questionnaire was sent to all Japanese radiotherapy facilities in October 2001, surveying basic QA procedures at each facility. 628 answers were returned with the return rate of 87%. In February 2002, the second questionnaire was sent. Off-site and on-site dosimetry have been tested in several facilities, and will be started soon. We anticipates that this program will gradually grow to a radiotherapy quality control center similar to Radiological Physics Center at MD Anderson Hospital.

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Ab-initio calculation on Co substitution into NiSi (NiSi에의 Co 치환에 대한 ab-initio 계산)

  • Kim, Yeong-Cheol;Seo, Hwa-Il
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.17 no.7
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    • pp.358-360
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    • 2007
  • Cobalt subtitution on NiSi is investigated by using an ab-initio calculation. Firstly, a relaxed NiSi structure is calculated and the calculated lattice parameters are compared with experimentally determined lattice parameters. The calculated values are smaller than the experimental values by about 2%. As the calculation is based on 0 K, and the experimental measurement is performed at room temperature, those values are in good agreement. Next, a Co atom substitutes a Ni and Si site, respectively, to evaluate the preferable site between them. Co prefers Ni site to Si site. The calculated total energy also indicates that the Co substitution to Ni site stabilizes the NiSi structure. Therefore, the thermal stability of NiSi with Co addition can be achieved by the structure stabilization of NiSi by Co substitution into Ni site of NiSi.

A Study on an Energy-Effective Site Planning for a Residential Environment(II) (에너지 절약형 주택단지 설계기법에 관한 연구 (II))

  • 양병이;김기호
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.25-42
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    • 1985
  • The objective of this article is to develop residential site planning techniques for the energy conservation by focusing on energy conscious site design process, influencing natural factors for energy conservation and suggestion of multi - family housing Prototypes. This article is the second part of the article titled "A Study on an Energy - Effective Site Planning for a Residential Environment"which is published in the previous issue (Vol. 12, No. 2) of this journal. The first part of the article dealt with how to make best use of energy conserving effect of natural forces such as sun, wind and water, and the selection techniques of suitable residential site for achieving energy conservation. The second part proposes the energy conscious design process of residential site development and suggests building forms of single family and multi -family housings. The three multi - family housing prototypes haute been developed which are most energy -effective ; the linear type, the cut -de -sac type and the atrium type. In the process of creating the prototypes, energy conserving design criteria have been also developed. These criteria can be used to develop some other alternative prototypes.

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Seismic Site Classes According to Site Period by Predicting Spatial Geotechnical Layers in Hongseong (홍성 지역의 공간 지층정보 예측을 통한 부지주기 토대의 지진공학적 부지분류)

  • Sun, Chang-Guk
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.32-49
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    • 2010
  • Site characterization on geological and geotechnical conditions was performed for evaluating the earthquake ground motions associated with seismic site effects at a small urbanized area, Hongseong, where structural damages were recorded by an earthquake of magnitude 5.0 on October 7, 1978. In the field, various geotechnical site investigations composed of borehole drillings and seismic tests for obtaining shear wave velocity profile were carried out at 16 sites. Based on the geotechnical data from site investigation and additional collection in and near Hongseong, an expert system on geotechnical information was implemented with the spatial framework of GIS. For practical application of the GIS-based geotechnical information system to assess the earthquake motions in a small urban area, spatial seismic zoning maps on geotechnical parameters, such as the bedrock depth and the site period ($T_G$), were created over the entire administrative district of Hongseong town, and the spatial distributions of seismic vulnerability potentials were intuitively examined. Spatial zonation was also performed to determine site coefficients for seismic design by adopting a site classification system based on $T_G$. A case study of seismic zonation in the Hongseong area verified that the GIS-based site investigation was very useful for regional prediction of earthquake ground motions in a small urbanized inland area.