• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.550-557
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• 2014

Objectives: This study was conducted to examine the preferences and needs of typical Korean females adults for food and nutrition information provided by the mass media. Methods: A total of 343 females (77 in their 20s, 85 in their 30s, 88 in their 40s and 93 in their 50s) residing in the Seoul/Gyeonggido area was surveyed on general characteristics, main sources of food and nutrition information and needs for sources and contents of nutrition information. Results: The survey showed that typical Korean females obtained knowledge of food and nutrition mainly through the Internet (30.4%) and broadcasting (29.0%). Typical Korean females were interested in 'dietary management for weight control' (21.9%), 'the prevention and treatment of disease' (20.0%), 'food safety' (16.8%), 'proper dietary habits' (14.6%), 'cookery' (11.8%), 'functional foods' (9.6%), 'restaurant details' (3.5%) and 'life-cycle-specific dietary guideline' (1.6%). Needs for food and nutrition program forms on TV were 'educational programs' (34.3%), 'documentaries' (20.8), 'expert lecture-style' (13.0%), 'entertainment programs' (11.9%), 'expert conversation' (11.4%), 'news-style' (4.6%) and 'public campaign advertisements' (4.0%). On the Internet, 38.6% of the respondents preferred to get information provided by food and nutrition-related institutions (38.6%) while 26.1% preferred webtoons for nutritional information. The favored forms in mobile applications were 'monitoring their diets' (29.5%), 'data-based texts information' (21.4%), 'experts feedback' (20.6%), 'communities' (15.1%) and 'games' (13.1%). The rates of the preference to obtain information from experts such as nutritionists and dietitians and doctorsor dietitian turned reporters increased markedly with older ages. Conclusions: Since the mass media is a main source of food and nutrition information for the general public, the effectiveness and accuracy of the information provided should be enhanced by taking the needs of the public into account. The quality of information should be improved by involving more nutrition experts.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.109-118
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to evaluate Korean advance directives (K-AD) by examining the degree of adults' acceptance and reliability of the directive itself. Methods: Survey was performed with 181 adults aged 20 or older who were recruited from three regions. A questionnaire used to examine the participants' acceptance of their K-AD in terms of visual analogue scale score of complexity, difficulty, necessity, satisfaction, recommendation. Then, a retest was carried out by asking participants to write up a K-AD again to confirm the reliability of the directives. Results: On a scale of 100, the average acceptance score was 70 or above, which represents rather high level of acceptance in all five categories. The test-retest reliability kappa values ranged from 0.592 to 0.950, and the conformity degree was moderate or high. Regarding K-AD components such as values, treatment preference, proxy appointment, differences among age groups were observed in each component. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that K-AD is a feasible instrument to analyze its acceptability and reliability for adult population. K-AD could be utilized to help people make their own decision on their end-of-life care. Further studies are needed to confirm this study results and promote widespread use of K-AD.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2015

Glycogen storage disease (GSD) type Ia is rare inborn metabolic disorder, caused by glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency. It characterized by hepatomegaly, hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperuricemia and it is usually manifested in the infantile period. In addition, it is also associated with growth failure, pubertal delay, anemia, platelet dysfunction, osteopenia, and pulmonary hypertension. Hepatocellular adenoma and renal dysfunction are frequent late complications. Delayed diagnosis and inappropriate therapy lead to many complications such as growth failure, osteoporosis, refractory gout, renal failure, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and pulmonary hypertension. Here, two Korean sisters diagnosed with GSD Ia, aged 33 and 36 respectively, were described and compared to recent articles about four adults with late diagnosis of GSD Ia. One sister had typical manifestations of GSD Ia including short stature (height, 145 cm), multiple hepatic adenoma, chronic kidney disease stage IV, and severe osteoporosis, whereas the older sister had normal stature (162 cm), one tiny hepatic nodule, and normal renal function. Direct sequencing of G6PC in two sisters identified a homozygous splicing mutation, c.645G>T, which is a prevalent mutation in Korea. Interestingly, our cases and four adults from recent reports had asymptomatic mild hypoglycemia and various manifestations including renal failure, HCC, fatty liver, or uncontrolled hyperlipidemia. These adult cases represent not only heterogenous phenotype to genotype within family members with GSD Ia but also long-term complications such as gouty arthritis, renal failure, and osteoporosis in untreated adult GSD Ia patients. In addition, lactic academia and hypertriglyceridemia are good markers of GSD Ia to distinguish from metabolic disease.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.155-163
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• 2018

Bilirubin has an anti-inflammatory effect as an endogenous antioxidant and has been reported to be inversely correlated with hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance. On the other hand, there is a lack of research evaluating the association between bilirubin and metabolic syndrome compared to liver-specific indicators. This study examined the association between the total bilirubin and metabolic syndrome prevalence in Korean adults who underwent health screening compared to ALT and GGT. This cross sectional study included 22,568 adult males and females aged 20 years or older who underwent a health examination at the General Hospital of Gyeonggi Province from March 2015 to February 2018. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed based on the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI) guidelines. In both genders, the metabolic syndrome diagnosed group had higher liver enzymes, and the total bilirubin and direct bilirubin were lower than those without the metabolic syndrome risk factors. The serum total bilirubin showed a weak inverse correlation with abdominal obesity (r=-0.066 vs r=-0.055) and triglyceride (r=-0.127 vs r=-0.136) in both males and females, which is weaker than ALT and GGT The data were statistically significant. In addition, total bilirubin as well as ALT and GGT in both men and women were not predictors of the likelihood of developing metabolic syndrome.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.245-252
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• 2012

This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between metabolic syndrome and periodontal in the adult Korean population on the basis of the 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES) data. Of 19-year-old or older adult patients suffering from their disease diagnosed as metabolic syndrome, 1,315 subjects whose community periodontal index(CPI) information was fully available were finally analyzed, and the following conclusions were drawn. 1. It was found that of sociodemographic characteristics, age and educational background correlated to the prevalence of periodontal diseases. With increasing age and poorer educational background, the rates of periodontal diseases increased(p<0.001). 2. It was revealed that of general health behaviors, smoking, alcohol drinking and BMI correlated with the prevalence of periodontal diseases. Higher rates of periodontal diseases were shown in the group of patients who were current smokers(p<0.05), had the higher frequency of drinking per week(p<0.001), and had higher BMI(p<0.005). 3. It was ascertained that of oral health behaviors, the history of oral health examination in the previous year, the use of proxabrush or dental floss, and perceived(i.e., subjective) oral health status correlated to the prevalence of periodontal diseases. The higher rates of periodontal diseases were seen in those who had no history of oral health examination in the previous year(p<0.001), had used neither proxabrush nor dental floss(p<0.05), and perceived that their own oral health was poor(p<0.001).

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 2011

Objectives: This study aimed to compare depression and social support according to general characteristics and to investigate the influence of social support on depression. Methods: This study analyzed raw data from a project funded by Jeju Province. Data were collected through home visit interview with 750 households selected by using a randomized cluster sampling method. CES-D was used to measure depression, and the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey was used to measure social support. The data of 1,155 subjects were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and regression. Results: The mean was 11.35 for depression and 75.53 for social support. Women showed a higher depression score and a lower social support score than men did. Older people; the divorced or the bereaved; and those in groups comprising people with lower education, lower social class, poor health, or high stress presented higher depression and lower social support. The result of stepwise regression showed that social support was one of the predictive variables of depression, and 22% of variance was explained by social support in this study. Conclusions: Social support was a powerful predictive variable of depression, and it was suggested that to prevent and manage depression, strategies that enhance social support should be developed and evaluated.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.858-864
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• 2015

Developmental changes in the vocal signals of serotine bats (Eptesicus serotinus) during their infancy were examined in this study. The analysis was conducted on 4 infant serotine bats from 1 to 40 days after their birth. Pulse duration (PD), pulse interval (PI), peak frequency (PF), maximum frequency ($F_{MAX}$), minimum frequency ($F_{MIN}$), and bandwidth (BW) were measured. As the bats grew, their vocalizations became increasingly consistent and similar to those of adults. For infant bats, PD and PI decreased as they grew older, whereas PF, $F_{MAX}$, $F_{MIN}$, and BW increased. The greatest change in vocalizations was observed between the $10^{th}$ and $20^{th}$ days after birth. Also, PF, $F_{MAX}$, $F_{MIN}$ and BW, which describe sound frequency, increased dramatically during the period between the $10^{th}$ and the $20^{th}$ days. In contrast, the greatest change in PD occurred between the $30^{th}$ and $40^{th}$ days after birth. The results collected in this study suggest that frequency increased as the contraction ability of the muscles developed by around 20 days of age. Muscle relaxation ability, which is related to PD, was found to develop significantly at 30 to 40 days of age. According to the results of this study, although 40 day-old infant bats are not yet able to fly, their vocal signals were similar to those of adults. This indicates that vocal development and flying activity develop separately in young bats.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.435-444
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and muscle strength in Korean adults aged 19 years and older. The cross-sectional analysis was conducted using the 2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data and Chi square test and multiple regression analysis were used. As a result of the analysis, the grip strength of those with more than weekday average sleep duration of 9 hours was found to be -1.267kg compared with those with weekday average sleep duration of 7 hours. The grip strength of those with more than weekend average sleep duration of 9 hours was found to be -0.879kg compared with those with weekend average sleep duration of 7 hours. In model simultaneously adjusting for both the average weekday and weekend average sleep duration, weekday average sleep duration of 9 hours was found to be -1.034kg compared with those with weekday average sleep duration of 7 hours. Therefore, careful observation will be required in light of the fact that both sleep duration and grip strength can predict future health conditions.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.268-276
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• 2019

Purpose: Metabolic syndrome causes diabetes and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. This study examined the correlation between metabolic syndrome, nutrition intake, and triglyceride (TG)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio. Methods: Using the data from the $7^{th}$ KNHANES (2016), this study was conducted on healthy adults aged 19 and older. The components and existence of metabolic syndrome and nutrition intake were independent variables and the TG/HDLcholesterol ratio was a dependent variable. A complex sample logistic progress test was used with age, sex, smoking, and drinking frequency corrected. Results: The TG/HDLcholesterol ratio of people with metabolic syndrome was as high as 1.314 on average, compared to people without metabolic syndrome (p < 0.0001). Among each component of metabolic syndrome, the TG/HDL cholesterol ratio had a significant association with fasting blood glucose, TG, HDL cholesterol, and waist circumference (p < 0.05). Only energy and carbohydrate intake were significantly related to the TG/HDLcholesterol ratio (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The TG/HDLcholesterol ratio is associated with each component of metabolic syndrome, but in particular, it is positively correlated with the presence of metabolic syndrome. Lower energy intakehad a positive correlation with the TG/HDLcholesterol ratio. These results show that metabolic syndrome can be predicted using the TG/HDLcholesterol ratio, and a diet strategy through nutrition and health education is necessary to prevent metabolic syndrome.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.107-115
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of forest healing programs with walking, sightseeing, and forest scent among six healing forest treatments using forest environment on the cognitive function, depression, and quality of life of elderly living alone. The subjects of the study were 17 senior citizens living in Samcheok and complaining of severe depression and forgetfulness. They were divided into two groups, and each group participated in the six sessions of the weekly forest healing program. All of them were surveyed of a Korean version of the MMSE-K, BDI (Beck Depression Inventory Korean Version), and SF-36 (Short Form 36 health survey questionnaire) with the questionnaire designed for the one-group pre-post test to examine changes in cognitive function, depression, and quality of life. The results showed that the mental status, depression level, and quality of life of respondents were significantly higher after healing programs. These results suggest that participation in healing program activities using forest environment can improve cognitive function, relieve depression and improve quality of life for senior citizens living alone. Therefore, inducing older adults who live alone and avoid outside activities to participate in the regular forest healing program will contribute to the prevention of dementia due to age and environment.