• 대한지리학회지
• /
• 제39권3호
• /
• pp.360-373
• /
• 2004

본 연구는 석유제품 유통기관의 판매권역을 설정하기 위한 방법론을 제시하고 설정된 판매권역별 특성을 살피고자 하였다. 이를 위해 공간적 상호작용 모델과 입지-배분모델을 적용하여 효과적으로 정유회사 하부의 지역본부 및 지사와 직영 주유소의 판매권역을 설정하는 방법론을 선정하고 판매권역별 특성을 고찰하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 정유회사의 지역본부 및 지사의 판매권역을 설정해 본 결과 경기지역본부와 같이 타 본부에 비해 유인력이 큰 공급지가 입지한 수도권의 경우 거리에 기초하여 수요지를 배분하는 입지-배분모델을 적용하고, 나머지 지역의 경우 수요지의 유출력과 공급지의 유인력을 현실적으로 반영할 수 있는 공간적 상호작용 모델을 적용하여 판매권역을 설정하는 것이 가장 합리적이었다. 또한 설정된 각 판매권역의 특성을 분석해 본 결과 판매권역 내에 포함되는 자동차대수와 인구수에 있어서 상당한 격차를 보이고 있었다. 이는 판매권역이 잠재적 수요를 기초로 하여 설정되므로, 휘발유 소비 수준의 격차가 이와 같은 판매권역간에 편차를 야기시키고 있다고 풀이할 수 있다.

• 동력기계공학회지
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.51-57
• /
• 2018

In Korea, the Air Quality Conservation Act and the Petroleum and Petroleum Substitute Fuel Business Act stipulate certain quality standards for fuels distributed in Korea, thereby striving to reduce vehicle performance and emissions. Domestic petroleum products import and produce all the crude oil from each oil refiner so that the quality of the petroleum product is different according to the characteristics of the crude oil. As a result, vehicles have been improved by using the physical properties calculated through the physical property measurement that has tried to improve the accuracy of the measurement of the energy consumption efficiency of the automobile by using standard fuel from abroad. In this study, the same test procedure and method as the test method of domestic gasoline vehicle emission are applied using four samples of gasoline and the latest gasoline vehicle which are actually distributed, and the performance evaluation is performed. The purpose of this study is to contribute to improvement of vehicle technology and fuel quality by collecting necessary basic data and obtaining data on the effect of differences in gasoline property on vehicle emissions. The results of the test showed that the emission of gases (NMOG, CO) from gasoline vehicles was the most influenced by the sulfur content, unlike the previous studies that the vehicles emission had the greatest influence on the distillation characteristics and the specific gravity of aromatic compounds. The catalytic reaction such as the poisoning action of the three-way catalyst which is the abatement device was interfered and the emission was increased. The distillation characteristics and specific gravity of aromatic compounds were found to affect the emission of vehicles. According to the physical properties of the fuel, the emission difference was 28.0% in the urban mode and 17.6 % in the highway mode.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.201-207
• /
• 2021

We have previously reported that Acer tegmentosum extract, which is traditionally used in Korea to reduce alcohol-related liver injury, suppresses liver inflammation caused by excessive alcohol consumption and might improve metabolism. The active ingredient, 6-O-galloylsalidroside (GAL), was isolated from A. tegmentosum, and we hypothesized that GAL could provide desirable pharmacological benefits by ameliorating physiological conditions caused by alcohol abuse. Therefore, this study focused on whether GAL could ameliorate alcoholic fat accumulation and repair liver injury in mice. During chronic alcohol consumption plus binge feeding in mice, GAL was administered orally once per day for 11 days. Intrahepatic lipid accumulation was measured in vivo using a noninvasive method, ¹H magnetic resonance imaging, and confirmed by staining with hematoxylin and eosin and Oil Red O. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured using a Konelab system, and the triglyceride content was measured in liver homogenates using an enzymatic peroxide assay. The results suggested that GAL alleviated alcohol-induced steatosis,e as indicated by decreased hepatic and serum triglyceride levels in ethanol-fed mice. GAL treatment also correlated with a decrease in the Cd36 mRNA expression, thus potentially inhibiting the development of alcoholic steatosis via the hepatic de novo lipogenesis pathway. Furthermore, treatment with GAL inhibited the expression of cytochrome P450 2E1 and attenuated hepatocellular damage, as reflected by a reduction in ALT and AST levels. These findings suggest that GAL extracted from A. tegmentosum has the potential to serve as a bioactive agent for the treatment of alcoholic fatty liver and liver damage.

• 한국가스학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2024

본 연구에서는 농업 분야 에너지 자립 시스템 기술도입의 일환으로 농산부산물 기반 SOFC 열병합발전 시스템의 공정 모사 모델을 구축하고 열교환망 최적화를 진행하였다. 0.3 ton/d급 농산부산물 반탄화 연료 가스화기 실험 결과를 기반 농산부산물 SOFC 열병합발전 시스템 모델을 구축하여 4~20 kW급 SOFC 발전 용량별 열교환망 최적화를 진행하였다. 현재 시스템상에서 8 kW급 농산부산물 기반 SOFC 열병합발전 시스템이 최적으로 도출되었으며, 본 연구 결과를 기반으로 추후 상용 설비 설계 시 기초자료로 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.353-358
• /
• 2015

Energy consumption reduction has become an important key word in manufacturing that can be achieved through the efficient and optimal use of raw materials and natural resources, and minimization of the harmful effects on nature or human society. The successful implementation of this concept can only be possible by considering a product's entire life cycle and even its disposal from the early design stage. To accomplish this idea with milling, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) strategies and cutting conditions are analyzed through process modeling and experiments. In this study, a model to predict the cutting energy in the milling process is used to find the cutting conditions, which minimize the cutting energy through a Kriging meta-modeling process. The MQL scheme is developed first to reduce the amount of cutting oil and costs used in the cutting process, which is then employed for the entire modeling and experiments.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.35.2-72
• /
• 1990

N-Nitrosamines have been known to be strong carcinogens and are formed by the reaction of nitrous acid with amines. In this experiment the changes in the contents of nitrate nitrite trimethylaminoxide(TMAO) trimethylamine(TMA) and dimethylamine(DMA) during femen-tation of damsel fish were analyzed periodically and N-nitrosamines in a commercial products. N-Nitrosamines were determined by mineral oil distillation methods using gas chromatography-thermal energy anlyzer(GC-TEA) in a commerical product. Nitrate nitrite and amines were quantitate by colorimetric methods. Level of nitrate-N were gradually decreased but nitrite-n was not detected or trace. Contents of dimethlamine(DMA) and trimethlamine were mar-kedly increased while trimethylaminoxide nitrogen was decreased during the fermentation of damsel fish. The change of pH was in the ranges of 5,5-7.0 during fermentation of salted damsel fish. It was out of the optimum pH(3.0-3.4) for the formation of nitrosamine. N-Nitrosamines were not detected in salt-fermented damsel fist but much N-nitrosodimethyla-mine(NDMA) could be detected in salt-fermented damsel fish after adding 0.05M NaNo2 in the acidic condition. The identifaction of NDMA in it was confirmed by mass spectrophotometry. Nitrate decrea-sed during the fermentation of damsel fish. however nitrite was trace level and nitrosamines were not formed in its. This could be supposed that it was due to the rapid consumption of nitrite by amino acid and bacteria.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.200-203
• /
• 2008

Obesity has become a worldwide health problem. Orlistat, an inhibitor of pancreatic lipase, is currently approved as an anti-obesity drug. However, gastrointestinal side effects caused by Orlistat may limit its use. In this study the inhibitory activities of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) against pancreatic lipase in vitro and in vivo were measured to determine its possible use as a natural anti-obesity agent. The inhibitory activities of the 95% ethanol extract of T. officinale and Orlistat were measured using 4-methylumbelliferyl oleate (4-MU oleate) as a substrate at concentrations of 250, 125, 100, 25, 12.5 and $4\;{\mu}g/ml$. To determine pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity in vivo, mice (n=16) were orally administered with com oil emulsion (5 ml/kg) alone or with the 95% ethanol extract of T. officinale (400 mg/kg) following an overnight fast. Plasma triglyceride levels were measured at 0, 90, 180, and 240 min after treatment and incremental areas under the response curves (AUC) were calculated. The 95% ethanol extract of T. officinale and Orlistat, inhibited, porcine pancreatic lipase activity by 86.3% and 95.7% at a concentration of $250\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. T. officinale extract showed dose-dependent inhibition with the $IC_{50}$ of $78.2\;{\mu}g/ml$. A single oral dose of the extract significantly inhibited increases in plasma triglyceride levels at 90 and 180 min and reduced AVC of plasma triglyceride response curve (p<0.05). The results indicate that T. officinale exhibits inhibitory activities against pancreatic lipase in vitro and in vivo. Further studies to elucidate anti-obesity effects of chronic consumption of T. officinale and to identify the active components responsible for inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase are necessary.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.58-64
• /
• 2012

세계적인 고유가의 영향으로 석유 소비가 높은 산업의 생산성은 현저히 저하되었다. 고강도 PHC 파일 중 AC 방식은 2차례의 증기양생 공정을 거쳐 제조되고 있으며, 이는 제품의 제조원가에 심각한 상승을 초래하고 있다. 다른 형식의 파일 제조 공정인 NAC 방식은 1차례의 증기양생을 함으로써 제조 원가가 절감되는 장점이 있지만, 초기 강도가 AC 방식보다 저하되기 때문에 약3일 정도의 양생기간을 거쳐 출하되고 있으며, 양생기간에 따른 제품 재고의 증가를 피할 수 없으므로 이는 제조원가 상승의 요인으로 작용하고 있다. AC 방식은 양생 직후, 즉시 출하되며 현장 도입 (항타현장 등) 시 파손 등의 문제가 발생되지 않으나, NAC의 경우는 최소 3일의 양생기간을 거쳐 강도 80 MPa이상을 발현 후 현장에 출하된다. 따라서, NAC는 종류별 적정 재고유지 비용의 증가와 강도부족 시 현장에서 파손이 발생되는 문제점을 안고 있다. 본 연구에서는 NAC 방식의 PHC 파일에 대하여 AC 방식과 동등한 1일 강도를 발현하기 위한 배합특성 연구를 수행하였고, 원재료 변화에 따른 강도 특성도 파악하였다.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.291-296
• /
• 2014

건축물 에너지 사용량과 온실가스 배출량 감소를 목적으로, 열적 물성 등이 향상된 새로운 단열소재가 개발 사용되는 추세이다. 이중 기존 단열소재의 문제점 (가연성, 처짐, 수분 취약성, 단열성능 저하 등)을 보완한 미네랄 하이드레이트 소재가 새롭게 사용되고 있다. 미네랄 하이드레이트는 건축물 구조체로 사용되는 ALC의 제조방법과 유사하나, 구조체가 아닌 단열소재만으로 사용된다는 특징을 갖는다. 미네랄 하이드레이트 제조를 위해서는 시멘트, 생석회 및 무수석고 등이 사용되며, 무수석고는 전량 수입에 의존하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 수입대체효과 뿐만 아니라, 폐기물 재활용 측면에서 무수석고를 대체하여 석유제조 공정 부산 탈황석고를 사용하고자 하였다. 탈황석고를 미네랄 하이드레이트 원료로 사용할 경우, 무수석고 전량과 생석회 일부를 대체할 수 있었다. 더불어 탈황석고를 사용한 미네랄 하이드레이트는 기존 무수석고 사용시와 유사한 열적, 물리적 특성도 발현되었다.

• 한국철도학회논문집
• /
• 제8권6호
• /
• pp.520-524
• /
• 2005

It is consequential to reduce the environmental impact of a product for sustainable development in 21st Century. In the field of transportation, especially, the technological market concerned about reduction and assessment of greenhouse gas emission is expected to be extended. The LCA gas been esteemed and utilized as a realistic alternative greenhouse gas emission is expected to be extended. The LCA has been esteemed and utilized as a realistic alternative to improve the environment by the assessment of environmental impacts. In this study, simplified life cycle assessment(S-LCA), was performed to analyze the environmental impacts quantitatively, which were produced through the life cycle of a electric motor unit(EMU). The object of the present work is rth investigate main parameters of environmental impacts and to establish the plans to improve the environment impact of EMU. As a result of quantitative assessment for environmental impact and manufacturing, the EMU carbody made of SUS showed acidification(AD) and marine water aquatic ecotoxicity(MAET) the most, while that made of Mild showed high impact of global warning(GW) and abiotic resources depletion(ARD). For the SUS EMU, the high AD and MAET impact is occurred by the discharged pollutants during acid-washing process. Also, high value of GW and ARD for Mild EMU is resulted from the consumption of iron ore, coal and crude oil during manufacturing. Therefore, the environment impact of carbody would be decreased by enhancing of energy efficiency and the lightening the weight of it.