• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.149-162
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• 2024

Aiming at the current research on the dynamic response analysis of the vehicle-bridge system under earthquake, which fails to comprehensively consider the impact of seismic wave incidence angles, terrain effects and soil-structure dynamic interaction on the bridge structure, this paper proposes a multi-point excitation input method that can consider the oblique incidence seismic P Waves based on the viscous-spring artificial boundary theory, and verifies the accuracy and feasibility of the input method. An overall numerical model of vehicle-bridge-soil foundation system in valley terrain during oblique incidence of seismic P-wave is established, and the effects of seismic wave incidence characteristics, terrain effects, soil-structure dynamic interactions, and vehicle speeds on the dynamic response of the bridge are analyzed. The research results indicate that with an increase in P wave incident angle, the vertical dynamic response of the bridge structure decreased while the horizontal dynamic response increased significantly. Traditional design methods which neglect multi-point excitation would lead to an unsafe structure. The dynamic response of the bridge structure significantly increases at the ridge while weakening at the valley. The dynamic response of bridge structures under earthquake action does not always increase with increasing train speed, but reaches a maximum value at a certain speed. Ignoring soil-structure dynamic interaction would reduce the vertical dynamic response of the bridge piers. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the seismic design of vehicle-bridge systems in complex mountainous terrain under earthquake excitation.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제32A권10호
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• pp.19-24
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• 1995

The majority of problems to which FDTD is being applied involve open structure which require the appropriate scheme to terminate the computational domain. In particular, for the propagation problem of the outgoing waves, a certain type of boundary condition needs to be applied on outer boundaries of the computational domain to generate no reflected waves. In this paper, a new simple technique is presented, which allows the reduced computation time and excellent absorbing characteristics for normal and oblique incident waves on outer boundaries. To illustrate the validity of this method, a numerical calculation for monopole antenna is carried out and the results are compared to measured data. The time-domain properties for circular patch antennas are investicated.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제27권5_6호
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• pp.1017-1031
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• 2009

The problem of interaction of surface water waves by small undulation at the bottom of a laterally unbounded sea is treated on the basis of linear water wave theory for both normal and oblique incidences. Perturbation analysis is employed to obtain the first order corrections to the reflection and transmission coefficients in terms of integrals involving the shape function c(x) representing the bottom undulation. Fourier transform method and residue theorem are applied to obtain these coefficients. As an example, a patch of sinusoidal ripples is considered in both the cases as the shape function. The principal conclusion is that the reflection coefficient is oscillatory in the ratio of twice the surface wave number to the wave number of the ripples. In particular, there is a Bragg resonance between the surface waves and the ripples, which is associated with high reflection of incident wave energy. The theoretical observations are validated computationally.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.126-135
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• 2021

Wave energy is one of the most available sources of renewable energy in the world. It has been previously proven that the flapping foil can generate thrust forces using energy from the surface waves and an empirical formula was proposed to predict the thrust forces generated by a flapping foil consist of NACA0015 section (Kumar and Shin, 2019a). However, the proposed empirical formula was restricted to the head waves i.e. 0° azimuth angle which was not useful for the flapping foils encountering with oblique and following waves. Therefore, in this study, the thrust empirical formula was modified to include the effects of azimuth angles based on the experimentally obtained data. And the modified empirical equations were validated by the combination of foils experimentally.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제58권5호
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• pp.887-903
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• 2016

This study analyses the seismic response of a three-dimensional (3-D) rigid massless square foundation resting or embedded in a viscoelastic soil limited by rigid bedrock. The foundation is subjected to harmonic oblique seismic waves P, SV, SH and R. The key step is the characterization of the soil-foundation interaction by computing the impedance matrix and the input motion matrix. A 3-D frequency boundary element method (BEM) in conjunction with the thin layer method (TLM) is adapted for the seismic analysis of the foundation. The dynamic response of the rigid foundation is solved from the wave equations by taking into account the soil-foundation interaction. The solution is formulated using the frequency BEM with the Green's function obtained from the TLM. This approach has been applied to analyze the effect of soilstructure interaction on the seismic response of the foundation as a function of the kind of incident waves, the angles of incident waves, the wave's frequencies and the embedding of foundation. The parametric results show that the non-vertical incident waves, the embedment of foundation, and the wave's frequencies have important impact on the dynamic response of rigid foundations.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.83-101
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• 2017

In this study, the added resistances of the large container ship in head and oblique seas are evaluated using a time-domain Rankine panel method. The mean forces and moments are computed by the near-field method, namely, the integration of the second-order pressure directly on the ship surface. Furthermore, a weakly nonlinear approach in which the nonlinear restoring and Froude-Krylov forces on the exact wetted surface of a ship are included in order to examine the effects of amplitudes of waves on ship motions and added resistances. The computation results for various advance speeds and heading angles are validated by comparing with the experimental data, and the validation shows reasonable consistency. Nevertheless, there exist discrepancies between the numerical and experimental results, especially for a shorter wave length, a higher advance speed, and stern quartering seas. Therefore, the accuracies of the linear and weakly nonlinear methods in the evaluation of the mean drift forces and moments are also discussed considering the characteristics of the hull such as the small incline angle of the non-wall-sided stern and the fine geometry around the high-nose bulbous bow.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.65-71
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• 1999

마하수 2.5인 모델 스크램제트 연소기내에서 초음속 수소-공기 화염에 대한 충격파의 영향을 실험적으로 연구하였다. 본 실험은 충격파가 초음속 화염에 미치는 영향을 연구한 최초의 실험연구이다. 동일한 모양과 크기의 $10^{\cire}$ 쐐기를 연소기 팽창 벽면에 각각 부착시켜 평면경사충격파를 발생시켰고 충격파가 화염에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 쉬릴렌 가시화 사진과 벽면정압, 그리고 두개의 다른 공기온도에서의 연소효율을 측정하였으며, 충격파가 없는 경우와 비교하였다. 충격파에 의해서 화염 모양은 크게 변화하였다. 연소효율은 공기온도에 따라 상이한 결과를 보였는데 공기정체온도가 증가하고 연료유량이 증가한 경우에 충격파에 의한 연소효율은 더 좋은 결과를 보였다.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.334-344
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 부분 반사 반무한 방파제 또는 방파제 개구부에 사각으로 입사하는 파의 산란에 대한해석 해를 유도하였다. 유도된 해의 타당성을 검토하기 위하여, 완전 반사의 경우에 대하여, McIver 및 Bowen andMcIver가 1999년과 2002년에 각각 반무한 방파제와 방파제 개구부에 대하여 유도한 식의 결과와 비교하였다. 또한 유도된 해석 해를 이용하여 방파제의 반사계수와 파의 입사각이 항 입구에서의 정온도에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 방파제의 반사계수가 증가함에 따라, 그리고 파가 사각으로 입사함에 따라, 반사파의 영향으로 항 입구의정온도가 악화된다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.227-235
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• 2014

Using a 3-D numerical scheme (LES-WASS-3D) that considered wave-structure-sandy seabed interactions in a 3-D wave field, we analyzed the wave reflection and hydraulic characteristics inside a slit caisson with two chambers in a 3-D oblique wave field. To verify the 3-D numerical analysis method suggested in this study, we compared the numerical results with existing experimental results and found good agreement. The numerical analysis revealed that a standing wave field is generated on the front side of the slit caisson due to the effect of wave reflection. For incident waves propagating perpendicular to the slit caisson, the nodes and anti-nodes of the standing wave are apparent and symmetrical. However, in an oblique wave field, as the incident wave angle decreases, the nodes and anti-nodes of the standing wave become ambiguous and unsymmetrical. It was also found that the wave reflection coefficient decreases as the incident wave angle decreases. It can be pointed out that as the incident wave angle decreases, the turbulent intensity in the chamber increases. Thereby, the increased wave energy dissipation by the increased turbulent intensity reduces the rate of wave reflection. In addition, a strong turbulent intensity generally occurs in the first chamber.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.665-670
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• 2001

The interaction of a travelling shock with the shear layer of a flat plate is studied computationally. The Euler and Navier-Stokes equations are solved numerically on quadrilateral unstructured adaptive grids. The flat plate is installed horizontally on the central axis of a shock tube. The shear layer is first created by two shock waves at different speeds splitted by a flat plate. A series of small vortices is developed as a consequence in the shear layer. The shock wave reflected at the end wall impinges the shear layer. The complicated shock dynamics in the evolution to the pseudo-steady state is represented with the morphological transformation of a planar shock into an oblique shock.