• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.68-78
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this review is to analyse the trend in papers related to obese people with disabilities. Methods: We reviewed Korean Medicine papers by searching 4 Korean web databases and classified the papers by the year of publishment, the title of journals, the type of study, main treatment, assessment for outcomes. Results: There were 18 studies about the intellectually disabled, which accounted for most of the study. It is expected that intensive research on obesity for the intellectually disabled will be conducted in the future. Also, study on obesity for the disabled will require special attention. Disabled person tend to have a higher obesity rate and secondary diseases due to disabilities can be easily developed. Their health care capabilities are more likely lower than those of the general population. Given these considerations, it would be necessary to study metabolic syndrome in parallel in the study of obesity for the disabled. Disabled person are exposed to obesity more easily than ordinary people, and there is a higher risk of health degradation due to complications from obesity, which requires more attention and research. However, since there is not research in the oriental medical and medical circles on obesity in the disabled, medical approaches and studies on obesity in the disabled are necessary. Conclusions: We expect that more interest and research will be carried out on obesity for the disabled in the Korean medicine to achieve clinical application and to develop treatment protocols for the disabled obesity disease.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 2010

Objectives It is significant to determine the validation of a self-administered somatotype drawing for the simple assessment of childhood obesity in elementary school and clinical practice. Methods The subjects were 202 children(112 boys and 90 girls) who answered a questionnaire for somatotype drawing and weremeasured for body components with bioelectrical impedance. The somatotype drawing of children was analysed according to the three criteria of childhood obesity - BMI percentile, obesity index and percent body fat, respectively. Results BMI, waist-hip ratio, skeletal musclemass and proteinmass had significant differences(p<.05) between boys and girls. Somatotype drawing had the highest correlation with BMI in both boys and girls, and also showed a high correlation with BMI percentile, obesity index and percent body fat.According to these criteria of childhood obesity, the somatotype drawing was the best consistent with the obesity index, next turn was the percent body fat and then the BMI percentile. Conclusions The validation of somatotype drawing for the assessment of childhood obesity was analysed according to BMI percentile, obesity index and percent body fat, and the somatotype drawing was the best consistent with obesity index in both boys and girls.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.289-297
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• 2018

Objectives: Obesity is a considerable and growing public health concern worldwide. The present study aimed to quantify socioeconomic inequalities in adult obesity in western Iran. Methods: A total of 10 086 participants, aged 35-65 years, from the Ravansar Non-communicable Disease Cohort Study (2014-2016) were included in the study to examine socioeconomic inequalities in obesity. We defined obesity as a body mass index ${\geq}30kg/m^2$. The concentration index and concentration curve were used to illustrate and measure wealth-related inequality in obesity. Additionally, we decomposed the concentration index to identify factors that explained wealth-related inequality in obesity. Results: Overall, the prevalence of obesity in the total sample was 26.7%. The concentration index of obesity was 0.04; indicating that obesity was more concentrated among the rich (p<0.001). Decomposition analysis indicated that wealth, place of residence, and marital status were the main contributors to the observed inequality in obesity. Conclusions: Socioeconomic-related inequalities in obesity among adults warrant more attention. Policies should be designed to reduce both the prevalence of obesity and inequalities in obesity by focusing on those with higher socioeconomic status, urban residents, and married individuals.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.80-99
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• 2024

Objectives: The objective of this study was to review clinical studies conducted over the last ten years that investigated weight or fat loss interventions that can preserve muscle or fat-free mass in Sarcopenic obesity Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Research Information Sharing Service (RISS) and Korea Studies Information Service (KISS) were searched for Randomized clinical trials that had investigated all-type of interventions on the management of sarcopenic obesity from October 2013 to September 2023. Results: A total of 14 studies met all the inclusion criteria. Interventions that increase muscle mass while reducing body fat at the same time included resistance training (including using elastic bands) and whole-body electromyostimulation(WB-EMS) in exercise intervention and Hypocaloric high-protein diet in nutritional intervention, exercise and nutritional combined intervention, and combination intervention of electrical acupuncture and amino acid supplementation. Among them, the most positive method of changing the body composition in sarcopenic obesity was the electric acupuncture and amino acid supplements. Conclusion: Varying diagnostic criteria and management interventions for sarcopenic obesity in the included studies made it hard to maintain homogeneity across the studies. Well-defined criteria for diagnostic sarcopenic obesity should be considered. In addition, since all of the interventions examined did not show sufficient clinical effectiveness, follow-up studies are needed to confirm effective interventions for sarcopenic obesity patients in the future.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.80-85
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• 2014

Coffee enema was started by American doctor Max Gerson for cancer patients in 1920s. Coffee enema is known to remove waste material and toxins in the colon, and increase the enzymatic activity in the liver. In alternative medicine, It is to be used for fecal stasis removal, detoxification, obesity, pain control etc. In recently, The Society of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research make strenuous efforts to spread a new treatment about obesity. And Obesity is already known as one of the main causes of adult diseases. If we use the Korean medical treatment, and at the same time use coffee enema, maybe we will have a good or better clinical result about obesity and metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, we introduce a method that can be easily coffee enema. Thus, we hope that the reference to the teaching of patients.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.137-139
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to contribute to diagnosis and treatment of obesity through classification of Hyungsang medicine. Specific form in Hyungsang medicine related to obesity is Essential family, Phlegm-retained fluid, Bladder physique, Yang brigtness shape, Qi family, and Blood family. Specific form in Hyungsang medicine respectively has its own unique pathology, symptom, prescription and the same principle is applied in treatment of obesity.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.129-134
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• 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study was to review the studies of catgut embedding related to obesity treatment. Methods We searched the papers with key words of obesity and catgut embedding via searching Research Information Sharing Service, DBpia, Koreanstudies Information Service System, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System, Scopus, PubMed. Additional data including study design, study topics, characteristics of participants and treatment, outcomes was extracted from full text of each study. Results There were nine studies about the catgut embedding related to obesity treatment. Five articles were conducted in China, two articles were conducted in Mexico, and two articles was published in Korea. Analysis of seven experimental studies and two observational studies were conducted to describe each research subject, method, and research results. Conclusions More interest and further research will be needed on catgut embedding related to obesity treatment in the Korean medicine to achieve clinical application and to develop treatment protocols for the obesity disease.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.24-28
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• 2014

Objectives: We conducted this study to analysis obesity pattern and obesity related blood parameters. Methods: A total of 64 overweight and obese (body mass index [BMI] ${\geq}23cm/kg^2$) women who had no other disease was recruited. Body composition and obesity related blood parameters were measured. Also subjects were given and filled out the Obesity pattern identification questionnaire. We analyzed the differences of body composition and blood parameters and measured correlations of BMI and blood parameters in each obesity pattern. Results: The distribution of obesity pattern was liver depression (35.6%), food accumulation (47.5%) and deficiency (pi and yang deficiency, 22.0%), in order. There were no significant differences age, body composition and obesity related blood parameters between obesity patterns. BMI and obesity related blood parameters, however, showed significant correlations depending on obesity patterns. Conclusions: We concluded that correlations between BMI and obesity related blood parameters were differed depending on obesity patterns.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2001

Obesity is a metabolic disease associated with multiple hormonal abnormalities. Therefore, obesity management aims at balancing these endocrine malfunctions nowadays. Although many studies proved interactions of hormones related with obesity, there are still lots of controversies. Most of these malfunctions are more pronounced in central, visceral obesity than in peripheral obesity. Recently, it is revealed that a central lesion of endocrine malfunction in human visceral obesity is probably related with a hypersensitivity of hypothalamopituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis. Probably associated with this axis, Insulin and cortisol promote lipid accumulation by expressing lipoprotein lipase activity, while sex hormones and growth hormone exert the opposite effects. Also reviewed was thyroid hormone which is closely related with thermogenesis. Serotonin is prescribed as antidepressant and it is applied to some eating disorders. Recently, leptin made in fat deposit also took attentions in terms of regulator of appetite and messenger of sex signal.

• Kidney Research and Clinical Practice
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.404-413
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• 2018

Background: Dynapenic obesity and sarcopenic obesity increase cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in nonuremic patients. The present study was designed to determine the prevalence of dynapenic obesity and sarcopenic obesity and their associations with CVD risk factors in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods: All eligible PD patients in Tehran peritoneal dialysis centers were included in this cross-sectional study. Skeletal muscle mass and fat mass were assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Muscle strength and physical performance were determined using hand grip strength and a 4-meter walk gait speed test, respectively. In addition, a 5-mL blood sample was obtained from each patient. Results: The prevalence of dynapenic obesity and sarcopenic obesity were 11.4% and 3.8% in PD patients, respectively. Serum high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule type 1, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly higher in PD patients with dynapenic obesity than in dynapenic nonobese and nondynapenic nonobese patients. Similarly, serum concentrations of CVD risk factors in PD patients with sarcopenic obesity were higher than in nonsarcopenic nonobese patients, but these differences were statistically significant only for serum hs-CRP and triglyceride. In addition, muscle strength and skeletal muscle mass percentage were negatively associated with markers of inflammation and dyslipidemia, whereas body fat percentage was positively associated with these CVD risk factors. Conclusion: This study indicates that although the prevalence of dynapenic obesity and sarcopenic obesity are relatively low in PD patients, these disorders may be associated with CVD risk factors.