• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.62-72
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• 1995

We studied the effects of behavior modification and aerobic exercise on body weight, degree of obesity, % body fat, triceps skinfold thickness, blood pressure and eating behavior among overweight middle school girls. 15 girls participated in the behavior modification program by joining 60-90 minute group session weekly. The aerobic exercise program was given to 13 girls 3 times per week with 60 minutes each time. The data were obtained before treatment, after 4 and 8 weeks after treatment. In analyzing the data, repeated measures ANOVA were adopted. The results were as follows ; 1. For the changes of body weight between 2 groups, body weight of behavior modification groups decreased significantly than these of aerobic exercise group at 4 and 8 weeks after treatment, 2. For the changes of degree of obesity between 2 groups, there were no significant differences over time, 3. The analysis of change of % body fat did not reveal significant differences between 2 groups over time, 4. The changes of triceps skinfold thickness were significant differences between 2 groups over time, 5. For the changes of systolic blood pressure between 2 groups, there were significant differences over time. At 4 weeks after treatment, systolic blood pressure of behavior modification group decreased significantly than these of aerobic exercise group. 6. The changes of diastolic blood pressure were significant differences between 2 groups over time.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.39-55
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of an uncooked powdered food(UPF) on the weight loss and changes of the biochemical nutritional status for 20 overweight and 26 obese women in Iksan area. We just replaced common breakfast and dinner of the subjects with UPF. Their dietary intake status was evaluated by 24-hour recall method. Also anthropometric and biochemical measurements before and after the UPF program were estimated. The intake of energy, lipid and protein decreased and the quality of meals improved as people started to take UPF. Due to the energy loss by taking UPF, weight and body fat decreased significantly. The percentage of the body fat was high among the weight lost, from which we judged that the process of losing weight was successful. It is hard to predict whether weight loss will occur to people who are already in shape or not, but if overweight and obesity people regularly take UPF instead of other food products, we assume that UPF will help lessening the body fat. The most positive change among biochemical changes by taking UPF was the decrease of serum lipid contents. When overweight and obesity women replaced two out of three meals with UPF for 3 month period, no significant nutritional problems occurred. It seems that the 12weeks of UPF program used in this study was effective in improving anthropometric indices without producing the deficiency of iron or other susceptible nutrients.

• BMB Reports
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• v.45 no.7
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• pp.419-424
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• 2012

High-fat diets (HFD) and high-carbohydrate diets (HCD)-induced obesity through different pathways, but the metabolic differences between these diets are not fully understood. Therefore, we applied proton nuclear magnetic resonance ($^1H$ NMR)-based metabolomics to compare the metabolic patterns between C57BL/6 mice fed HCD and those fed HFD. Principal component analysis derived from $^1H$ NMR spectra of urine showed a clear separation between the HCD and HFD groups. Based on the changes in urinary metabolites, the slow rate of weight gain in mice fed the HCD related to activation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (resulting in increased levels of citrate and succinate in HCD mice), while the HFD affected nicotinamide metabolism (increased levels of 1-methylnicotineamide, nicotinamide-N-oxide in HFD mice), which leads to systemic oxidative stress. In addition, perturbation of gut microflora metabolism was also related to different metabolic patterns of those two diets. These findings demonstrate that $^1H$ NMR-based metabolomics can identify diet-dependent perturbations in biological pathways.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.45-59
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of strengthening exercise program on the improvement of balance in the elderly Subjects were forty members living in Daegu (20 males, 20 females), between 65 and 81 years of age. The subjects were divided into two groups; an experimental group and a control group, and each group included 10 males and 10 females. The subjects for the experimental group were participated in the strengthening exercise program for 8 weeks, between April 2001 and June 2001 The results of this study were as follows: 1. General characteristics statistically significantly affecting for CTSIB were mental status; weight, height, vision, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, mental status, obesity and thigh BMD were BBT; age, weight, height, vision, blood pressure systolic, blood pressure diastolic, blood pulse rate, mental status, obesity, spine BMD and thigh BMD were for OLST. 2. After the exercise program, there was no significant difference in the balance ability between the experimental group and the control group in CTSIB. However, there was a significant difference in OLSTR on the hard (p<0.05) and soft (p<0.05) surface with open eyes condition between the experimental group and the control group. In the case of OLSTL, there was a significant difference on the hard surface with open eyes condition (p<0.05), and on the soft surface with open eyes condition (p<0.05) and closed eyes condition (p<0.05) between the experimental group and the control group. There was no significant difference in the balance ability between the experimental group and the control group in BBT.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.470-477
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of homocysteine and antioxidant nutrients with obesity in Korean middle aged women. The study subjects included were middle-aged obese women (n=36) whose body mass index (BMI) was greater than $25kg/m^2$. A total of 36 participants were randomly divided into two groups. They were assigned to either the Nutritional Management and Exercise (NME) program or the Exercise Management (EM) program, which were both conducted for 3 months. We measured serum homocysteine, total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol levels of the participant. We also measured the dietary intakes of antioxidant nutrient, cholesterol, body weight, body mass index, blood pressure, and $VO_2$. At the end of both programs, please confirm this change. It was unclear when these measurements were shown to have decreased. The body weight and BMI of NME group were decreased compared to those of EM group. The serum total cholesterol levels of the participants in NME group were significantly decreased, in contrast to EM group. Also, serum homocysteine levels of NME group participants were decreased compared to EM group, but the difference was not statistically significant. In the NME group, there were significant differences in the change of dietary cholesterol and vitamin C intake. These results showed that participating NME program will continuously promote the healthy status of the middle aged obese women, compared to participating only in the EM program.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.65-73
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of nutrition education and aerobic exercise program on weight control program of middle aged abdominal obese women. Data for the study were collected from February 14 to April 22, 2005. The study objects were 10 pre-obese women and 10 obese women. The results were as follows; Body weight, body mass index, waist-hip ratio and waist circumference of pre-obese group and obese group were significantly decreased. Nutrition education and aerobic exercise program on body weight and waist circumference were more effective in obese group than in pre-obese group. Total Cholestreol and Creatinine of pre-obese group and Total Cholestreol, Creatinine, U/A and Glucose of obese group were significantly decreased. TG(Triglyceride), BUN(Blood Urea Nitrogen), U/A(Uric Acid), Glucose, SGOT(Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase) and SGPT(Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase) of prer-obese group and TG, BUN, SGOT and SGPT of obese group were no differences. Obesity management program on Total Cholestreol were more effective in obese group than in pre-obese group. Therefore, it is concluded that the nutrition education and aerobic exercise program on weight control program of middle aged abdominal obese women were more effective in obese group than in pre-obese group.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.313-326
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lifestyle modification program on body composition and metabolic syndrome makers, depression in obese postmenopausal women. Method: The research design of this study included a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The lifestyle modification program was administered twice a week for 12 weeks the experimental group, whereas the control group had no program. The experimental group consisted of 22 obese postmenopausal women while the control group contained 19 subjects. The study also attempted to measure the effects of the program on body composition, metabolic syndrome markers, and depression in obese postmenopausal women. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and a t-test using the SPSS/WIN 17.0 program. Results: After participating in the lifestyle modification program, the experimental group showed statistically significant decreases in systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and depression, but no change in body composition. Conclusions: The result of this study show that the lifestyle modification program had a significant impact on obese postmenopausal women. In the future, it is necessary to offer more tailed program for a longer period.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.65-74
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine factors that influencing medication adherence in patients with dyslipidemia. Methods: Data were collected from fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2012), we selected 1,992 adults aged over 30yr who participants in both health examination and health interview survey. Using the SAS 9.2 Program, data were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test and multiple logistic regression. Results: Medication adherence was associated with age, obesity, educational level and Health screening within 2 years. The cases with older age, obesity, higher level of education and experience of Health screening within 2 years showed significantly high medication adherence, whereas high risk group of dyslipidemia such as cardiovascular disease patients showed low medication adherence. Conclusions: Further study and strategies are needed to improve high levels of medication adherence based on factors influencing such as age, obesity, level of education and health screening experience within 2 years.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.453-458
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare metabolic syndrome (MS) risk factor prevalence by obesity and age in middle-aged women. Method: Two hundred and fifty-one subjects were recruited from the health promotion center of a tertiary care hospital in an urban city. MS was defined by the third report of the national cholesterol education program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults(Adult Treatment Panel III)(ATP III), and obesity was determined by body mass $index(BMI){\geq}25kg/m^2$. Results: The mean blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group. The prevalence of MS, hypertension, and impaired fasting glucose were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group. In the forties, blood pressure was significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group. In the fifties, body fat, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group. Conclusions: These results show that the nurse should focus on the obese fifty year old female patients for improvement of the MS risk factors.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.409-419
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• 1986

Prevalence of obesity and dietary consumption of ten-year-old school children in Seoul were investigated. Three hundred forty boys and three hundred forty two girls from families of various housing pattern in Seoul were chosen for this study. Informations of the stduy were obtained from April 22 to June 11, 1985, by means of prepared questinnaires for general environmental factors, anthropometry for height, weigth and triceps skinfold theickness and interview to get 24 -hour food intakes of individuals. All the data collected were analyzed by using SPSS program. Average nutrients intakes of the subjects were satisfactory with respect toquality or quantity . Children from A group tended to consume more nutrients than B or C group. Physical growth of the subjects were similar to the ones for average school children in Seoul, but greater than korean national average. Children from A group were taller and heavier than B group whom were taller and heavier than C group . Prevalence of obesity were 15.7 % and 11.7 % of the subjects according to standards of relative body weight and triceps skinfold thickness. Higher prevalence were observed in boys than in girls and children from A group than B, and B group than C group. so therefore it could be summarized that children from A group consumed more nutrients, had better physical growth, and became obese more frequently than children from B or C.