• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2017

Purpose: Gastrostomy is commonly used procedures to provide enteral nutrition support for severely handicapped patients. This study aimed to identify and compare outcomes and complications associated with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) and surgical gastrostomy (SG). Methods: A retrospective chart review of 51 patients who received gastrostomy in a single tertiary hospital from January 2000 to May 2016 was performed. We analyzed the patients and the complications caused by the procedures. Results: Among the 51 patients, 26 had PEG and 25 had SG. Four cases in the SG group had fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux disease. PEG and SG groups were followed up for an average of 29 months and 44 months. Major complications occurred in 19.2% of patients in the PEG group and 20.0% in the SG group, but significant differences between the groups were not observed. Minor complications occurred in 15.4% of patients in the PEG group and 52.0% in the SG group. Minor complications were significantly lower in the PEG group than in the SG group (p=0.006). The average use of antibiotics in the PEG and SG groups was 6.2 days and 15.7 days (p=0.002). Thirteen patients died of underlying disease but not related to gastrostomy, and only one patient died due to complications associated with general anesthesia. Conclusion: The duration of antibiotics use and incidence of minor complications were significantly lower in the PEG group than those in the SG group. Early PEG could be recommended for nutritional supports.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.256-261
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• 2008

Anorexia is a common symptom in the elderly patients. Causes of anorexia in the elderly are very diverse and multifactorial. Causes include physiological changes associated with aging, mental disorders such as depression, anorexia tardive, dementia, medical diseases such as cancer(lung and gastrointestinal cancer), benign gastrointestinal disorders, cardiac disorders, pulmonary disease, thyroid disorders, infection. Medications such as digoxin, theophylline have also been implicated in the problem. No cause is found in about one quarter of patients. Management is directing at treating causes and providing nutritional support. In Oriental medicine, the appetite has close relation to Biwi. The main cause of anorexia is the insufficiency of Biwi. The physiology of Biwi is that Bi sends clarity(food essence) upward and Wi sends digested food downward. Specially if the physiologic function of Wi is disordered by various factors, Wi cannot send digested food downward. As a result, the anorexia can present by the disorder of Wi function. We experienced a case of an 74 years old female patient with ill-defined severe anorexia differentiated as Wijoongheohan. The patient was managed with fluid therapy and Jeonghyangsiche-tang. The anorexia and other symptoms improved continuously during hospitalization.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.467-478
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• 1995

The school food service system has been an important national policy in Korea. To find out the reference data of the school food service system, we surveyed four primary schools, one middle school, and one food service center in Nara, Japan. The results are as follows; 1. The school food service was carried out in 99.4% of primary school children and in 82.5% of middle school students. 2. The central commissary school food service system was utilized at 49.0% of primary schools and 68.5% of middle schools. 3. The expense of the system is supported partially by the student's parents and partially by the government, of which the support rate was noticed by the law of school food service. 4. The dietary content of school food service was laid down by 'The rule of the operation basis of school food service'. The menu was chosen by the 7 kinds of stepwise meetings. 5. The teachers emphasized on the food etiquette, the appreciation to the food and the personal relationship during meal, as well as on the nutritional balance. 6. We found other problems in Japanese food service system, such as the sanitary problems, the problems of the new tableware, and whether the central kitchen had less advantage than the individual school kitchen. We can conclude that the school food service system is becoming the essential part in school education, and hope to design not only economical but also educational system in Korea, with the consideration of Japanese system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.233-239
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to develop an evaluation indicator for the industrialization of local cuisine. We conducted a literature study, interviews with experts, and a Delphi survey. The resulting evaluation indicator was divided into four groups and nine sub-groups. The four groups were locality, taste and functionality, industrial base, and business value. The nine sub-groups were traditionality, regionality, eating quality, nutrition and functionality, condition of development, technological level, rights and policy, marketability, and ripple effects. Also 22 items were created as indicators for evaluating classes ; historicity, sustainability, rarity, awareness of local resident, the number of similar restaurant, appearance, taste, nutritional balance, health functionality, availability of raw materials, suitability of environmental exchange of market, standardization of recipe, simplification of recipe, storability, intellectual property rights, government's policy, appropriacy of price, popularization, possibility of franchise, globalization, improvement of local image, vitalization of local economy. The four most important classes corresponded to one of the four groups. These classes were sustainability, taste, state (local autonomy) policy, vitalization of local economy. The implications of this study are that the possibility of industrializing the local cuisine of each region can be evaluated and applied. Moreover, these indicators could promote the discovery of local cuisines, support planning for the commercialization of local cuisine.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.23 no.1 s.97
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• pp.41-49
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• 2007

The substitution effects of whey protein isolate(WPI) for egg in the preparation of sponge cake were determined by objective and subjective tests. Milk whey is drained from milk curd as a by-product of cheese manufacture. Whey protein is known as a good nutritional source and a functional material for many processed foods, especially baked goods. WPI contains above 90% whey protein. The specific gravity and viscosity of sponge cakes tend to be affected by WPI substitution. The cooking loss of sponge cakes with WPI substituted for egg(abbreviated as WPI cake) during oven baking was smaller than that made with egg(abbreviated as egg cake) and the specific loaf volume of WPI cake was larger than that of egg cake. The number of pores was highly increased and the size of pores was more uniformly and finely distributed in the cross section of WPI cake than those of egg cake, as observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The hardness, gumminess and chewiness of WPI cake made with 10-20% WPI substitution were the lowest among all the tested cakes, including egg cake, thereby confirming the considerable improvement in their cake qualities. By the results of sensory evaluation, appearance, pore uniformity, softness, chewiness, moistness, flavor, mouth feeling, and overall acceptability of 10-20% WPI substitute cakes were evaluated as being significantly superior to those of all other cakes(p<0.05). These results support the better physicochemical characteristics and sensory evaluations of sponge cake prepared with 10-20% of WPI substitution for egg.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.201-208
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• 1998

Piglets' diarrhea is one of the major causes of economic loss in Korean swine industry. To prevent this serious and persistant problem, we have developed systemic farm evaluation and analysis program. The program consists of the checklist and the computerized program. The items of the checklist are selected on the basis of various causative factors related with the piglets' diarrhea including sanitational status, nutritional management, or farm environment. The checklist is composed of 30 items including 6 factors on facility, 8 factors on environment, 6 factors on nutrition and 10 factors on sanitation, respectively. Minimum 1 to maximum 10 points was assigned to each item depending on level or status of farm. The scores calculated by sum of points obtained from each item could find out the problems which the farm was confronted with. To investigate the applicability of a program 150 swine farms raising over 500 heads were selected from 7 provinces throughout the country and surveyed. There were significant correlations between the piglets' diarrhea and the scores of the checklist. Based on above results we revised the checklist which consisted of 22 items including 5 factors on facility, 7 factors on environment, 3 factors on nutrition and 7 factors on sanitation. After that we composed a computerized diagram out of each point of an item which showed and indicated weak factors to be improved promptly. Our present study suggested that this newly established swine farm evaluation program would be a very efficient way to find out the problems and support the systemic control program of the piglets' diarrhea for swine farms.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.343-350
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of nutrition related factors on mortality risk among community-residing older adults in Korea. We analyzed data from 8,532 older adults who took part in the 2008 living profiles of older people survey and 2011 death mortality data. According to Cox regression analysis, male (Hazard Ratio [HR], 2.03; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 1.74~2.37), diabetes mellitus (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.12~1.64), underweighted (HR, 2.68; 95% CI, 2.16~3.31), dysphagia (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.02~1.47), chewing ability (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.11~1.59), and undernutrition (HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.23~1.75) significantly affected mortality risk. Systematic nutrition support programs should be developed to decrease the mortality among Korean older adults.

• Journal of Oriental Medical Thermology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.48-63
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• 2010

Purpose : Mothers and primary encounter and Korean traditional Gynecology clinician's perspective on breastfeeding, the importance and general knowledge, familiar with the breastfeeding-related issues to help resolve the maternal education and treatment. treatment options for a specific note down the need for Maternity and think that the existing studies and articles about breast diseases with reference to the view of the contemplated. Method : Maternity and breast disease with reference to research and review papers. Results : The first, from the past to encourage nursing mothers to eat a lot of nursing was given recently is changing the perception of adequate calories. and second, the posture of breastfeeding in prevention of mother's fatigue and pain and the baby's milk intake should be considered effective. The third, breast feeding is heavier than normal because of the surrounding muscle tissue in the breast to support the training may be helpful to. At last is emotional stability, and adequate nutritional intake and their milk is not enough awareness and interest in and education about breast-feeding mothers to breastfeed will help you look. Conclusion : Prenatal care program in order to facilitate breastfeeding and breast-feeding from the breast managed Postpartum Care Program consists of a map for the breast-related discomfort in advance to lead to prevention and to increase women's satisfaction seems to be.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.96-113
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• 1999

This retrospective descriptive study was conducted to survey the use of alternative therapy by chronicly ill patients. The subject of this study were 205 chronicly ill patients at Pusan National University Hospital. The data for this study were patient record. The data were gathered from August, 1 to September, 30 1998 and analyzed through SPSSWIN program for frequency, percentile and $x^2-test$. The important results of this study are as followings. Of population-sociological characteristics on studied objects, sexual distribution showed a similar percentage male 47.8% and the female 52.2%. Age distribution showed that the 60-69 year old group made up 31.5%, and was the highest. Of religion Buddism was the most frequest. The diagnosis distribution showed cancer at 28.8% and coronary artery disease at 16.1%. According to the results of the study, 51.2% of subjects had used alternative therapy. The most common type of alternative therapy was dietary and nutritional therapy, 40.2%, the place of use, home, 44.0%, duration, less than 3 months, 51.5%. The most common motive was a recommendation by friends or family. The degree of satisfaction after the use of alternative therapy was high for 21.0%, and slight for 53.3%. The reaction after the use of alternative therapy was increasing power for patients with coronary artery disease and cancer, sugar control for those with DM, and pain control for those with chronic arthrits. The study showed that for chronicly ill patients, age, religion, diagnosis name have an important effect on the use of alternative therapy. In conclusion, chronicly ill patients showed high-use of alternative therapy but they did not used alternative therapy as a healing method. Therefore we must provide an education program nurses and physicians. And we must provide more information or healing method's and support chronicly ill patients.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2000

This study was performed to assess the extent of dietary diversity and nutrient intakes of Korean child-bearing women and to investigate the relationships between dietary diversity indices and nutrient intakes. A total of 91 women aged 18 to 48 years old participated. They were divided into four groups by age 15 subjects in teens, 20 in twenties. 32 in thirties and 24 in forties. Mean energy intake was 1638${\pm}$471㎉/day and it was low as 81.4% of the Korean RDA for energy. Mean intakes of folate, calcium and iron were also low as 81.7%. 72.6% and 57.2% of the RDAs. On the other hand, protein, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin and vitamin C were consumed close to or above the RDAs. It was obvious that the subjects in teens and twenties took less all of the nutrients as well as energy than those In thirties and forties. Mean nutrient adequacy ratio( MNAR) was 0.77 and showed a trend to raise with increasing age. Thus MNAR of the teens was the lowest and that of the forties was the highest among the age groups. The results in this study support the previous findings that nutrient intakes of women in teens and twenties were poorer compared to those in thirties and forties. Mean dietary diversity score( DDS) . dietary variety score(DVS) and dietary frequency score( DFS) were 4.1. 11.6 and 14.7. respectively. DVS and DFS of the teens and twenties were lower than those in thirties and forties. DDS significantly correlated to the intakes of energy and calcium only, however, DVS and DFS had significant relationships to the intakes of all nutrients. The MNAR significantly related to DVS and DFS. but not DDS. In conclusion, the intakes of energy, folate. calcium and iron of child-bearing women were not sufficient and their nutrient adequacy highly correlated with dietary diversity. It indicates that to consume various foods helps to enhance the nutritional status.