• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.81-89
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• 2004

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literatures was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition intervention by dietitian. The 31 studies that were all randomized controlled trials, were identified from computerized search of published researches on MEDLINE, Embase database until January, 2003 and review of reference lists. The main search terms were the combination “dietitian”, “dietary intervention”, “nutrition intervention” or “nutritional intervention” and “effectiveness”. The subgroup analysis was performed by the publication year, quality score, type of disease, content of intervention, intervention provider, type of intervention (nutritional counseling and education/nutrilion counseling and education + diet modification), method of intervention (individual/group/individual + group) and follow-up period. Two reviewers independently selected trials for inclusion, assessed the quality and extracted the data. The meta-analysis of 31 studies based on the random effect model showed that the medical nutrition therapy was significantly effective in treating the diseases (effect size 0.1715 : 95% confidence interval 0.0938-0.2491). This study showed the clear evidence of the effectiveness of nutrition intervention through the meta-analysis. So the nutrition intervention by dietitian should be recommended and recognized as the effective therapy of treating the diseases. Also the nutrition intervention should be conducted regularly to maintain the effectiveness of the nutrition intervention. The nutrition intervention was significantly effective in treating the diseases on the random effect model (effect size 0.1715 : 95% confidence interval 0.0938-0.2491).

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.479-491
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: One ongoing effort to curtail dyslipidemia in school children is through lifestyle intervention. This study analyzes outcomes of the intervention of nutrition education and Javanese traditional game-based physical activity, on lipid profiles of overweight and obese children. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The experimental study consisted of three steps: data collection (October to December 2016), intervention processes (January to March 2017), and final report preparation (April to May 2017). This was a split-plot block study, enrolling a total of 72 subjects. Traditional game intervention (12 meetings) and nutrition education (9 meetings) was carried out within 3 months with material related to obesity. RESULTS: Our results showed no decrease in the levels of total cholesterol in the group receiving nutrition education (rise by 1.56 mg/dL), but when compared to subjects without intervention, total cholesterol levels experienced was increased. The group which did not receive physical activity showed increase in the total cholesterol, whereas the traditional game intervention group showed a decrease of 0.05 mg/dL total cholesterol at the end of the intervention. Nutrition education and physical activity interventions did not influence any reduction in the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, but rather showed a tendency to increase at the end of the intervention. However, the increase in LDL-c levels in the traditional game group was lower than in other intervention groups. Duncan's test indicated that the effect of nutrition education and physical activity interventions did not differ from the cut-off values of LDL-C and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. CONCLUSIONS: Total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the traditional game group tended to decrease at the end of the intervention, but the results did not differ much from other intervention groups. We deduce that nutrition education and traditional game-based physical activity interventions are not capable of improving blood lipid profiles in overweight and obese children within 3 months. It is necessary to increase the time of physical activity intervention to maintain the lipid profile in another study.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.141-159
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• 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether a mobile health (mhealth) intervention is effective in reducing weight and changing dietary behavior among employees with overweight and obesity. The study also investigated whether engagement with the intervention affected its effectiveness. Methods: The intervention involved the use of a dietary coaching app, a wearable device for monitoring physical activity and body composition, and a messenger app for communicating with participants and an intervention manager. A total of 235 employees were recruited for a 12-week intervention from eight workplaces in Korea. Questionnaire surveys, anthropometric measurements, and 24-h dietary recalls were conducted at baseline and after the intervention. Results: After the intervention, significant decreases in the mean body weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, and waist circumference were observed. Furthermore, the consumption frequencies of multigrain rice and legumes significantly increased, whereas those of pork belly, instant noodles, processed meat, carbonated beverages, and fast food significantly decreased compared with those at baseline. The mean dietary intake of energy and most nutrients also decreased after the intervention. When the participants were categorized into three groups according to their engagement level, significant differences in anthropometric data, dietary behaviors, and energy intake were observed following the intervention, although there were no differences at baseline, indicating that higher engagement level led to greater improvements in weight loss and dietary behavior. Conclusions: The intervention had positive effects on weight loss and dietary behavior changes, particularly among employees with higher engagement levels. These results indicate the importance of increasing the level of engagement in the intervention to enhance its effectiveness. The mhealth intervention is a promising model for health promotion for busy workers with limited time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.154-160
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• 1993

The strategic plan of nutrition education intervention was established to improve nutritional status and reduce nutrition-related diseases for Korean adults. Nutritional problems and risk factors of the nutrition-related diseases were identified to set the long-term goal and objectives for the intervention. The social learning theory and theory of diffusion of innovation served as theoretical basis for this plan. Mass media and interpersonal channels were used to educate the whole adult population and specific target groups. The outline of the educational contents was developed for the whole adult population and slightly modified according to characteristics of the target groups. This plan can serve as a guideline for the operational plans for the future nutrition education intervention.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.716-729
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• 2011

This study aimed to plan nutrition support programs for the elderly living alone whose nutrition status were seriously concerned, conducted seven stages nutrition intervention program on a trial basis, and evaluated the effectiveness of the program of the Elderly Nutrition Support Project. Subjects were selected for personalized nutrition management based on nutritional risk score and nutrition intervention were tailored to the problems occurred. The elderly nutrition support program targets were 44 senior citizens who lived alone with low income. The 33 (as Type 1) of the subjects with whom milk, tofu, seaweed, eggs, black beans have been supported, and also provide nutrition education, and the rest 11 persons (as Type 2) to whom food was not supported but provide nutrition education programs. As a result, all subjects showed that compared with pre and post program implementation, their daily exercise time and milk and protein consumption level were increased and some improvement was observed regular meals consumption and low-salt diets. Their nutrient intake level such as calories, protein, calcium, iron improved after implementation. In addition, NSL DETERMINE scores significantly improved from 13.21 to 7.24 in Type 1 and 11.27 to 9.91 in Type 2. As positive dietary behavioral changes were observed as in that they purchased more protein and calcium rich foods.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.515-533
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• 2021

Purpose: A systematic review and meta-analysis of nutrition educational intervention studies was performed to assess the association between nutrition education intervention and fruit & vegetable (F&V) preferences and nutrition knowledge in preschool children. Methods: The relevant studies of nutrition education intervention and F&V preferences and nutrition knowledge published from January 2000 to June 2020 were located using PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Research Information Sharing Service, Korean Studies Information Service System databases, and lists of references. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the standardized mean difference with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Subgroup analyses were performed to identify the association between nutrition education and F&V preferences and nutrition knowledge. Results: The results show that the effect sizes (ES) of F&V preferences and nutrition knowledge of preschool children were 0.31(95% CI, 0.23, 0.39), and 1.69(95% CI, 1.27, 2.12), respectively. The result of subgroup analysis, nutrition education focused on F&V (F&V preferences, ES: 0.32; nutrition knowledge, ES: 2.09) presented a slightly larger effect than general nutrition education (F&V preferences, ES: 0.26; nutrition knowledge, ES: 1.62). As for the type of exposure to F&V, direct exposure education (F&V preferences, ES: 0.40) had a greater effect than indirect exposure (F&V preferences, ES: 0.26). This meta-analysis showed that nutrition education intervention had positive effects on the F&V preferences and nutrition knowledge in preschool children. Conclusion: In conclusion, from the meta-analysis and subsequent subgroup analysis, we found that varied types of nutrition education intervention had varying effects on F&V preferences and nutrition knowledge in preschool children.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.48-58
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate effects of nutrition education and exercise intervention on health and diet quality of middle-aged women. The subjects were 209 women who wanted to involve in the health promotion program run by Jincheon-Gun Health Center. Nutrition education was given once a week and dance sports were done twice a week for 3 months. Nutrient intakes were assessed by 24-hour recall method and food records. Dietary habits and nutrition knowledge were investigated by self-administered questionnaires before and after the intervention program. Body and blood compositions were measured before and after the program. The nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) was significantly increased in energy, protein, vitamin A, vitamin B2 and calcium, mean adequacy ration (MAR) was significantly increased (p < 0.05), and also the index of nutritional quality (INQ) was significantly increased in protein (p < 0.01). Percent (%) RIs of protein (p < 0.01) and calcium (p < 0.05) were significantly increased and body weight (p < 0.001), body fat (p < 0.01), soft lean mass (p < 0.01) and BMI (p < 0.001) decreased. Over the 3-month study, there was a significant trend toward higher HDL-C and albumin levels and lower LDL-C level (p < 0.001). The results showed that nutrition education and exercise intervention could improve the body health and the diet quality.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.132-139
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of nutritional intervention focused on a Nutrition Support Team (NST) in patients receiving enteral nutrition (EN) in general hospital wards. Methods: The electronic medical records of 95 adult patients admitted in C university hospital and received EN supply for more than 3 days at a general ward were analyzed retrospectively. The subjects were classified into the intervention group (n = 40) and non-intervention group (n = 55). Results: The calorie support rate (%) and protein support rate (%) increased significantly only in the intervention group after 2 weeks compared to the rate upon admission. The serum albumin levels increased in the intervention group after 2 weeks compared to the levels at admission, but decreased in the non-intervention group. The glucose levels decreased only in the intervention group compared to that at admission. Conclusion: The nutritional status of the patients was improved by the proper planning of nutrition management from the beginning of hospitalization and systematically managing the nutrition intervention of the NST.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.495-506
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• 2014

This study was conducted to measure the effect of a community-based nutritional intervention program on dietary behaviors and nutrient intakes of low-income elderly women in Korea. The subject of the study was a group of 88 elderly women using the free meal service in Dong-gu, Gwangju city in Korea. The study was carried out from April to July 2009, and the pretest, application of nutrition education, and post-test were applied in each stage. This community-based nutrition intervention program consisted of snack supplement and nutrition education provided three times a week and 36 times in total. The nutrition education was led by the nutritionists and professionals using various educational media. Snack supplement included were milk, soymilk, carrot juice, bread, yogurt, and bananas. The result of pretest showed that the nutrient intakes of the subjects were much below the Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) level of Dietary Reference Intake for Koreans. Comparison of the dietary behavior score and nutrient intakes before and after the nutritional intervention program indicated that the food behavior score increased from 3.1 to 5.6 (P<0.001) and intake of energy, protein, carbohydrate, thiamin, niacin, vitamin C, iron, and potassium of the subjects all increased significantly (P<0.05). Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) of their nutrient intakes was also improved from 0.53 to 0.64 (P<0.01). These results indicated that the nutrition intervention program conducted in this study was effective in improving dietary behavior and nutrient intakes of elderly women in local community.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.307-315
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• 2018

Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of personalized nutrition intervention for increasing hospital meal intake by elderly patients with malnutrition. Methods: The subjects were 30 elderly patients with malnutrition who visited a general hospital located in Daegu. An individual nutrition intervention such as change of meal types or special meal service was given to the patients according to nutrition diagnosis related to inadequate intake of hospital meals. Nutritional intake status of the subjects was assessed by analyzing energy intake, protein intake, index of nutritional quality (INQ), nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR). Results: The causes of inadequate intake in the subjects were poor appetite or preference problems (46.7%), symptom-related problems (30.0%) and mastication problems (23.3%). The INQ of protein in the subjects was significantly increased from $0.81{\pm}0.17$ to $1.41{\pm}0.25$ after the nutrition intervention (p < 0.05). The NAR of protein (before $0.50{\pm}0.21$, after $0.58{\pm}0.17$), iron (before $0.72{\pm}0.30$, after $0.84{\pm}0.29$) and vitamin $B_2$ (before $0.31{\pm}0.16$, after $0.37{\pm}0.14$) was also increased after the nutrition intervention (p < 0.05). The MAR of five nutrients, protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A and vitamin $B_2$, was significantly increased by the nutrition intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Personalized nutrition intervention according to nutrition diagnosis related to inadequate intake of hospital meals may improve the intake amount of elderly patients with malnutrition.